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|
#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- mode: python; coding: utf-8 -*-
#
# Mandos server - give out binary blobs to connecting clients.
#
# This program is partly derived from an example program for an Avahi
# service publisher, downloaded from
# <http://avahi.org/wiki/PythonPublishExample>. This includes the
# following functions: "add_service", "remove_service",
# "server_state_changed", "entry_group_state_changed", and some lines
# in "main".
#
# Everything else is Copyright © 2007-2008 Teddy Hogeborn and Björn
# Påhlsson.
#
# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
# (at your option) any later version.
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
#
# Contact the authors at <https://www.fukt.bsnet.se/~belorn/> and
# <https://www.fukt.bsnet.se/~teddy/>.
#
from __future__ import division
import SocketServer
import socket
import select
from optparse import OptionParser
import datetime
import errno
import gnutls.crypto
import gnutls.connection
import gnutls.errors
import gnutls.library.functions
import gnutls.library.constants
import gnutls.library.types
import ConfigParser
import sys
import re
import os
import signal
from sets import Set
import subprocess
import atexit
import stat
import logging
import logging.handlers
import dbus
import gobject
import avahi
from dbus.mainloop.glib import DBusGMainLoop
import ctypes
# Brief description of the operation of this program:
#
# This server announces itself as a Zeroconf service. Connecting
# clients use the TLS protocol, with the unusual quirk that this
# server program acts as a TLS "client" while the connecting clients
# acts as a TLS "server". The clients (acting as a TLS "server") must
# supply an OpenPGP certificate, and the fingerprint of this
# certificate is used by this server to look up (in a list read from a
# file at start time) which binary blob to give the client. No other
# authentication or authorization is done by this server.
logger = logging.Logger('mandos')
syslogger = logging.handlers.SysLogHandler\
(facility = logging.handlers.SysLogHandler.LOG_DAEMON)
syslogger.setFormatter(logging.Formatter\
('%(levelname)s: %(message)s'))
logger.addHandler(syslogger)
del syslogger
# This variable is used to optionally bind to a specified interface.
# It is a global variable to fit in with the other variables from the
# Avahi example code.
serviceInterface = avahi.IF_UNSPEC
# From the Avahi example code:
serviceName = "Mandos"
serviceType = "_mandos._tcp" # http://www.dns-sd.org/ServiceTypes.html
servicePort = None # Not known at startup
serviceTXT = [] # TXT record for the service
domain = "" # Domain to publish on, default to .local
host = "" # Host to publish records for, default to localhost
group = None #our entry group
rename_count = 12 # Counter so we only rename after collisions a
# sensible number of times
# End of Avahi example code
class Client(object):
"""A representation of a client host served by this server.
Attributes:
name: string; from the config file, used in log messages
fingerprint: string (40 or 32 hexadecimal digits); used to
uniquely identify the client
secret: bytestring; sent verbatim (over TLS) to client
fqdn: string (FQDN); available for use by the checker command
created: datetime.datetime()
last_seen: datetime.datetime() or None if not yet seen
timeout: datetime.timedelta(); How long from last_seen until
this client is invalid
interval: datetime.timedelta(); How often to start a new checker
stop_hook: If set, called by stop() as stop_hook(self)
checker: subprocess.Popen(); a running checker process used
to see if the client lives.
Is None if no process is running.
checker_initiator_tag: a gobject event source tag, or None
stop_initiator_tag: - '' -
checker_callback_tag: - '' -
checker_command: string; External command which is run to check if
client lives. %()s expansions are done at
runtime with vars(self) as dict, so that for
instance %(name)s can be used in the command.
Private attibutes:
_timeout: Real variable for 'timeout'
_interval: Real variable for 'interval'
_timeout_milliseconds: Used by gobject.timeout_add()
_interval_milliseconds: - '' -
"""
def _set_timeout(self, timeout):
"Setter function for 'timeout' attribute"
self._timeout = timeout
self._timeout_milliseconds = ((self.timeout.days
* 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000)
+ (self.timeout.seconds * 1000)
+ (self.timeout.microseconds
// 1000))
timeout = property(lambda self: self._timeout,
_set_timeout)
del _set_timeout
def _set_interval(self, interval):
"Setter function for 'interval' attribute"
self._interval = interval
self._interval_milliseconds = ((self.interval.days
* 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000)
+ (self.interval.seconds
* 1000)
+ (self.interval.microseconds
// 1000))
interval = property(lambda self: self._interval,
_set_interval)
del _set_interval
def __init__(self, name=None, options=None, stop_hook=None,
fingerprint=None, secret=None, secfile=None,
fqdn=None, timeout=None, interval=-1, checker=None):
"""Note: the 'checker' argument sets the 'checker_command'
attribute and not the 'checker' attribute.."""
self.name = name
# Uppercase and remove spaces from fingerprint
# for later comparison purposes with return value of
# the fingerprint() function
self.fingerprint = fingerprint.upper().replace(u" ", u"")
if secret:
self.secret = secret.decode(u"base64")
elif secfile:
sf = open(secfile)
self.secret = sf.read()
sf.close()
else:
raise RuntimeError(u"No secret or secfile for client %s"
% self.name)
self.fqdn = fqdn # string
self.created = datetime.datetime.now()
self.last_seen = None
if timeout is None:
self.timeout = options.timeout
else:
self.timeout = string_to_delta(timeout)
if interval == -1:
self.interval = options.interval
else:
self.interval = string_to_delta(interval)
self.stop_hook = stop_hook
self.checker = None
self.checker_initiator_tag = None
self.stop_initiator_tag = None
self.checker_callback_tag = None
self.check_command = checker
def start(self):
"""Start this client's checker and timeout hooks"""
# Schedule a new checker to be started an 'interval' from now,
# and every interval from then on.
self.checker_initiator_tag = gobject.timeout_add\
(self._interval_milliseconds,
self.start_checker)
# Also start a new checker *right now*.
self.start_checker()
# Schedule a stop() when 'timeout' has passed
self.stop_initiator_tag = gobject.timeout_add\
(self._timeout_milliseconds,
self.stop)
def stop(self):
"""Stop this client.
The possibility that this client might be restarted is left
open, but not currently used."""
# If this client doesn't have a secret, it is already stopped.
if self.secret:
logger.debug(u"Stopping client %s", self.name)
self.secret = None
else:
return False
if hasattr(self, "stop_initiator_tag") \
and self.stop_initiator_tag:
gobject.source_remove(self.stop_initiator_tag)
self.stop_initiator_tag = None
if hasattr(self, "checker_initiator_tag") \
and self.checker_initiator_tag:
gobject.source_remove(self.checker_initiator_tag)
self.checker_initiator_tag = None
self.stop_checker()
if self.stop_hook:
self.stop_hook(self)
# Do not run this again if called by a gobject.timeout_add
return False
def __del__(self):
self.stop_hook = None
self.stop()
def checker_callback(self, pid, condition):
"""The checker has completed, so take appropriate actions."""
now = datetime.datetime.now()
self.checker_callback_tag = None
self.checker = None
if os.WIFEXITED(condition) \
and (os.WEXITSTATUS(condition) == 0):
logger.debug(u"Checker for %(name)s succeeded",
vars(self))
self.last_seen = now
gobject.source_remove(self.stop_initiator_tag)
self.stop_initiator_tag = gobject.timeout_add\
(self._timeout_milliseconds,
self.stop)
elif not os.WIFEXITED(condition):
logger.warning(u"Checker for %(name)s crashed?",
vars(self))
else:
logger.debug(u"Checker for %(name)s failed",
vars(self))
def start_checker(self):
"""Start a new checker subprocess if one is not running.
If a checker already exists, leave it running and do
nothing."""
# The reason for not killing a running checker is that if we
# did that, then if a checker (for some reason) started
# running slowly and taking more than 'interval' time, the
# client would inevitably timeout, since no checker would get
# a chance to run to completion. If we instead leave running
# checkers alone, the checker would have to take more time
# than 'timeout' for the client to be declared invalid, which
# is as it should be.
if self.checker is None:
try:
command = self.check_command % self.fqdn
except TypeError:
escaped_attrs = dict((key, re.escape(str(val)))
for key, val in
vars(self).iteritems())
try:
command = self.check_command % escaped_attrs
except TypeError, error:
logger.critical(u'Could not format string "%s":'
u' %s', self.check_command, error)
return True # Try again later
try:
logger.debug(u"Starting checker %r for %s",
command, self.name)
self.checker = subprocess.\
Popen(command,
close_fds=True, shell=True,
cwd="/")
self.checker_callback_tag = gobject.child_watch_add\
(self.checker.pid,
self.checker_callback)
except subprocess.OSError, error:
logger.error(u"Failed to start subprocess: %s",
error)
# Re-run this periodically if run by gobject.timeout_add
return True
def stop_checker(self):
"""Force the checker process, if any, to stop."""
if self.checker_callback_tag:
gobject.source_remove(self.checker_callback_tag)
self.checker_callback_tag = None
if not hasattr(self, "checker") or self.checker is None:
return
logger.debug("Stopping checker for %(name)s", vars(self))
try:
os.kill(self.checker.pid, signal.SIGTERM)
#os.sleep(0.5)
#if self.checker.poll() is None:
# os.kill(self.checker.pid, signal.SIGKILL)
except OSError, error:
if error.errno != errno.ESRCH:
raise
self.checker = None
def still_valid(self, now=None):
"""Has the timeout not yet passed for this client?"""
if now is None:
now = datetime.datetime.now()
if self.last_seen is None:
return now < (self.created + self.timeout)
else:
return now < (self.last_seen + self.timeout)
def peer_certificate(session):
"Return the peer's OpenPGP certificate as a bytestring"
# If not an OpenPGP certificate...
if gnutls.library.functions.gnutls_certificate_type_get\
(session._c_object) \
!= gnutls.library.constants.GNUTLS_CRT_OPENPGP:
# ...do the normal thing
return session.peer_certificate
list_size = ctypes.c_uint()
cert_list = gnutls.library.functions.gnutls_certificate_get_peers\
(session._c_object, ctypes.byref(list_size))
if list_size.value == 0:
return None
cert = cert_list[0]
return ctypes.string_at(cert.data, cert.size)
def fingerprint(openpgp):
"Convert an OpenPGP bytestring to a hexdigit fingerprint string"
# New empty GnuTLS certificate
crt = gnutls.library.types.gnutls_openpgp_crt_t()
gnutls.library.functions.gnutls_openpgp_crt_init\
(ctypes.byref(crt))
# New GnuTLS "datum" with the OpenPGP public key
datum = gnutls.library.types.gnutls_datum_t\
(ctypes.cast(ctypes.c_char_p(openpgp),
ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_ubyte)),
ctypes.c_uint(len(openpgp)))
# Import the OpenPGP public key into the certificate
ret = gnutls.library.functions.gnutls_openpgp_crt_import\
(crt,
ctypes.byref(datum),
gnutls.library.constants.GNUTLS_OPENPGP_FMT_RAW)
# New buffer for the fingerprint
buffer = ctypes.create_string_buffer(20)
buffer_length = ctypes.c_size_t()
# Get the fingerprint from the certificate into the buffer
gnutls.library.functions.gnutls_openpgp_crt_get_fingerprint\
(crt, ctypes.byref(buffer), ctypes.byref(buffer_length))
# Deinit the certificate
gnutls.library.functions.gnutls_openpgp_crt_deinit(crt)
# Convert the buffer to a Python bytestring
fpr = ctypes.string_at(buffer, buffer_length.value)
# Convert the bytestring to hexadecimal notation
hex_fpr = u''.join(u"%02X" % ord(char) for char in fpr)
return hex_fpr
class tcp_handler(SocketServer.BaseRequestHandler, object):
"""A TCP request handler class.
Instantiated by IPv6_TCPServer for each request to handle it.
Note: This will run in its own forked process."""
def handle(self):
logger.debug(u"TCP connection from: %s",
unicode(self.client_address))
session = gnutls.connection.ClientSession(self.request,
gnutls.connection.\
X509Credentials())
#priority = ':'.join(("NONE", "+VERS-TLS1.1", "+AES-256-CBC",
# "+SHA1", "+COMP-NULL", "+CTYPE-OPENPGP",
# "+DHE-DSS"))
priority = "SECURE256"
gnutls.library.functions.gnutls_priority_set_direct\
(session._c_object, priority, None);
try:
session.handshake()
except gnutls.errors.GNUTLSError, error:
logger.debug(u"Handshake failed: %s", error)
# Do not run session.bye() here: the session is not
# established. Just abandon the request.
return
try:
fpr = fingerprint(peer_certificate(session))
except (TypeError, gnutls.errors.GNUTLSError), error:
logger.debug(u"Bad certificate: %s", error)
session.bye()
return
logger.debug(u"Fingerprint: %s", fpr)
client = None
for c in self.server.clients:
if c.fingerprint == fpr:
client = c
break
# Have to check if client.still_valid(), since it is possible
# that the client timed out while establishing the GnuTLS
# session.
if (not client) or (not client.still_valid()):
if client:
logger.debug(u"Client %(name)s is invalid",
vars(client))
else:
logger.debug(u"Client not found for fingerprint: %s",
fpr)
session.bye()
return
sent_size = 0
while sent_size < len(client.secret):
sent = session.send(client.secret[sent_size:])
logger.debug(u"Sent: %d, remaining: %d",
sent, len(client.secret)
- (sent_size + sent))
sent_size += sent
session.bye()
class IPv6_TCPServer(SocketServer.ForkingTCPServer, object):
"""IPv6 TCP server. Accepts 'None' as address and/or port.
Attributes:
options: Command line options
clients: Set() of Client objects
"""
address_family = socket.AF_INET6
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
if "options" in kwargs:
self.options = kwargs["options"]
del kwargs["options"]
if "clients" in kwargs:
self.clients = kwargs["clients"]
del kwargs["clients"]
return super(type(self), self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
def server_bind(self):
"""This overrides the normal server_bind() function
to bind to an interface if one was specified, and also NOT to
bind to an address or port if they were not specified."""
if self.options.interface:
if not hasattr(socket, "SO_BINDTODEVICE"):
# From /usr/include/asm-i486/socket.h
socket.SO_BINDTODEVICE = 25
try:
self.socket.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET,
socket.SO_BINDTODEVICE,
self.options.interface)
except socket.error, error:
if error[0] == errno.EPERM:
logger.warning(u"No permission to"
u" bind to interface %s",
self.options.interface)
else:
raise error
# Only bind(2) the socket if we really need to.
if self.server_address[0] or self.server_address[1]:
if not self.server_address[0]:
in6addr_any = "::"
self.server_address = (in6addr_any,
self.server_address[1])
elif self.server_address[1] is None:
self.server_address = (self.server_address[0],
0)
return super(type(self), self).server_bind()
def string_to_delta(interval):
"""Parse a string and return a datetime.timedelta
>>> string_to_delta('7d')
datetime.timedelta(7)
>>> string_to_delta('60s')
datetime.timedelta(0, 60)
>>> string_to_delta('60m')
datetime.timedelta(0, 3600)
>>> string_to_delta('24h')
datetime.timedelta(1)
>>> string_to_delta(u'1w')
datetime.timedelta(7)
"""
try:
suffix=unicode(interval[-1])
value=int(interval[:-1])
if suffix == u"d":
delta = datetime.timedelta(value)
elif suffix == u"s":
delta = datetime.timedelta(0, value)
elif suffix == u"m":
delta = datetime.timedelta(0, 0, 0, 0, value)
elif suffix == u"h":
delta = datetime.timedelta(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, value)
elif suffix == u"w":
delta = datetime.timedelta(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, value)
else:
raise ValueError
except (ValueError, IndexError):
raise ValueError
return delta
def add_service():
"""Derived from the Avahi example code"""
global group, serviceName, serviceType, servicePort, serviceTXT, \
domain, host
if group is None:
group = dbus.Interface(
bus.get_object( avahi.DBUS_NAME,
server.EntryGroupNew()),
avahi.DBUS_INTERFACE_ENTRY_GROUP)
group.connect_to_signal('StateChanged',
entry_group_state_changed)
logger.debug(u"Adding service '%s' of type '%s' ...",
serviceName, serviceType)
group.AddService(
serviceInterface, # interface
avahi.PROTO_INET6, # protocol
dbus.UInt32(0), # flags
serviceName, serviceType,
domain, host,
dbus.UInt16(servicePort),
avahi.string_array_to_txt_array(serviceTXT))
group.Commit()
def remove_service():
"""From the Avahi example code"""
global group
if not group is None:
group.Reset()
def server_state_changed(state):
"""Derived from the Avahi example code"""
if state == avahi.SERVER_COLLISION:
logger.warning(u"Server name collision")
remove_service()
elif state == avahi.SERVER_RUNNING:
add_service()
def entry_group_state_changed(state, error):
"""Derived from the Avahi example code"""
global serviceName, server, rename_count
logger.debug(u"state change: %i", state)
if state == avahi.ENTRY_GROUP_ESTABLISHED:
logger.debug(u"Service established.")
elif state == avahi.ENTRY_GROUP_COLLISION:
rename_count = rename_count - 1
if rename_count > 0:
name = server.GetAlternativeServiceName(name)
logger.warning(u"Service name collision, "
u"changing name to '%s' ...", name)
remove_service()
add_service()
else:
logger.error(u"No suitable service name found after %i"
u" retries, exiting.", n_rename)
killme(1)
elif state == avahi.ENTRY_GROUP_FAILURE:
logger.error(u"Error in group state changed %s",
unicode(error))
killme(1)
def if_nametoindex(interface):
"""Call the C function if_nametoindex()"""
try:
libc = ctypes.cdll.LoadLibrary("libc.so.6")
return libc.if_nametoindex(interface)
except (OSError, AttributeError):
if "struct" not in sys.modules:
import struct
if "fcntl" not in sys.modules:
import fcntl
SIOCGIFINDEX = 0x8933 # From /usr/include/linux/sockios.h
s = socket.socket()
ifreq = fcntl.ioctl(s, SIOCGIFINDEX,
struct.pack("16s16x", interface))
s.close()
interface_index = struct.unpack("I", ifreq[16:20])[0]
return interface_index
def daemon(nochdir, noclose):
"""See daemon(3). Standard BSD Unix function.
This should really exist as os.daemon, but it doesn't (yet)."""
if os.fork():
sys.exit()
os.setsid()
if not nochdir:
os.chdir("/")
if not noclose:
# Close all standard open file descriptors
null = os.open("/dev/null", os.O_NOCTTY | os.O_RDWR)
if not stat.S_ISCHR(os.fstat(null).st_mode):
raise OSError(errno.ENODEV,
"/dev/null not a character device")
os.dup2(null, sys.stdin.fileno())
os.dup2(null, sys.stdout.fileno())
os.dup2(null, sys.stderr.fileno())
if null > 2:
os.close(null)
def killme(status = 0):
logger.debug("Stopping server with exit status %d", status)
exitstatus = status
if main_loop_started:
main_loop.quit()
else:
sys.exit(status)
def main():
global exitstatus
exitstatus = 0
global main_loop_started
main_loop_started = False
parser = OptionParser()
parser.add_option("-i", "--interface", type="string",
default=None, metavar="IF",
help="Bind to interface IF")
parser.add_option("-a", "--address", type="string", default=None,
help="Address to listen for requests on")
parser.add_option("-p", "--port", type="int", default=None,
help="Port number to receive requests on")
parser.add_option("--timeout", type="string", # Parsed later
default="1h",
help="Amount of downtime allowed for clients")
parser.add_option("--interval", type="string", # Parsed later
default="5m",
help="How often to check that a client is up")
parser.add_option("--check", action="store_true", default=False,
help="Run self-test")
parser.add_option("--debug", action="store_true", default=False,
help="Debug mode")
(options, args) = parser.parse_args()
if options.check:
import doctest
doctest.testmod()
sys.exit()
# Parse the time arguments
try:
options.timeout = string_to_delta(options.timeout)
except ValueError:
parser.error("option --timeout: Unparseable time")
try:
options.interval = string_to_delta(options.interval)
except ValueError:
parser.error("option --interval: Unparseable time")
# Parse config file
defaults = { "checker": "fping -q -- %%(fqdn)s" }
client_config = ConfigParser.SafeConfigParser(defaults)
#client_config.readfp(open("global.conf"), "global.conf")
client_config.read("mandos-clients.conf")
global main_loop
global bus
global server
# From the Avahi example code
DBusGMainLoop(set_as_default=True )
main_loop = gobject.MainLoop()
bus = dbus.SystemBus()
server = dbus.Interface(
bus.get_object( avahi.DBUS_NAME, avahi.DBUS_PATH_SERVER ),
avahi.DBUS_INTERFACE_SERVER )
# End of Avahi example code
debug = options.debug
if debug:
console = logging.StreamHandler()
# console.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
console.setFormatter(logging.Formatter\
('%(levelname)s: %(message)s'))
logger.addHandler(console)
del console
clients = Set()
def remove_from_clients(client):
clients.remove(client)
if not clients:
logger.debug(u"No clients left, exiting")
killme()
clients.update(Set(Client(name=section, options=options,
stop_hook = remove_from_clients,
**(dict(client_config\
.items(section))))
for section in client_config.sections()))
if not debug:
daemon(False, False)
def cleanup():
"Cleanup function; run on exit"
global group
# From the Avahi example code
if not group is None:
group.Free()
group = None
# End of Avahi example code
while clients:
client = clients.pop()
client.stop_hook = None
client.stop()
atexit.register(cleanup)
if not debug:
signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, signal.SIG_IGN)
signal.signal(signal.SIGHUP, lambda signum, frame: killme())
signal.signal(signal.SIGTERM, lambda signum, frame: killme())
for client in clients:
client.start()
tcp_server = IPv6_TCPServer((options.address, options.port),
tcp_handler,
options=options,
clients=clients)
# Find out what random port we got
global servicePort
servicePort = tcp_server.socket.getsockname()[1]
logger.debug(u"Now listening on port %d", servicePort)
if options.interface is not None:
global serviceInterface
serviceInterface = if_nametoindex(options.interface)
# From the Avahi example code
server.connect_to_signal("StateChanged", server_state_changed)
try:
server_state_changed(server.GetState())
except dbus.exceptions.DBusException, error:
logger.critical(u"DBusException: %s", error)
killme(1)
# End of Avahi example code
gobject.io_add_watch(tcp_server.fileno(), gobject.IO_IN,
lambda *args, **kwargs:
tcp_server.handle_request(*args[2:],
**kwargs) or True)
try:
logger.debug("Starting main loop")
main_loop_started = True
main_loop.run()
except KeyboardInterrupt:
if debug:
print
sys.exit(exitstatus)
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
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