50
67
<refname><command>&COMMANDNAME;</command></refname>
52
Gives encrypted passwords to authenticated Mandos clients
69
Sends encrypted passwords to authenticated Mandos clients
58
75
<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command>
60
<arg choice="plain"><option>--interface
61
<replaceable>NAME</replaceable></option></arg>
62
<arg choice="plain"><option>-i
63
<replaceable>NAME</replaceable></option></arg>
67
<arg choice="plain"><option>--address
68
<replaceable>ADDRESS</replaceable></option></arg>
69
<arg choice="plain"><option>-a
70
<replaceable>ADDRESS</replaceable></option></arg>
74
<arg choice="plain"><option>--port
75
<replaceable>PORT</replaceable></option></arg>
76
<arg choice="plain"><option>-p
77
<replaceable>PORT</replaceable></option></arg>
80
<arg><option>--priority
81
<replaceable>PRIORITY</replaceable></option></arg>
83
<arg><option>--servicename
84
<replaceable>NAME</replaceable></option></arg>
86
<arg><option>--configdir
87
<replaceable>DIRECTORY</replaceable></option></arg>
89
<arg><option>--debug</option></arg>
91
<arg><option>--debuglevel
92
<replaceable>LEVEL</replaceable></option></arg>
94
<arg><option>--no-dbus</option></arg>
96
<arg><option>--no-ipv6</option></arg>
76
<arg>--interface<arg choice="plain">IF</arg></arg>
77
<arg>--address<arg choice="plain">ADDRESS</arg></arg>
78
<arg>--port<arg choice="plain">PORT</arg></arg>
79
<arg>--priority<arg choice="plain">PRIORITY</arg></arg>
80
<arg>--servicename<arg choice="plain">NAME</arg></arg>
81
<arg>--configdir<arg choice="plain">DIRECTORY</arg></arg>
85
<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command>
86
<arg>-i<arg choice="plain">IF</arg></arg>
87
<arg>-a<arg choice="plain">ADDRESS</arg></arg>
88
<arg>-p<arg choice="plain">PORT</arg></arg>
89
<arg>--priority<arg choice="plain">PRIORITY</arg></arg>
90
<arg>--servicename<arg choice="plain">NAME</arg></arg>
91
<arg>--configdir<arg choice="plain">DIRECTORY</arg></arg>
99
95
<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command>
100
96
<group choice="req">
101
<arg choice="plain"><option>--help</option></arg>
102
<arg choice="plain"><option>-h</option></arg>
97
<arg choice="plain">-h</arg>
98
<arg choice="plain">--help</arg>
106
102
<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command>
107
<arg choice="plain"><option>--version</option></arg>
103
<arg choice="plain">--version</arg>
110
106
<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command>
111
<arg choice="plain"><option>--check</option></arg>
107
<arg choice="plain">--check</arg>
113
109
</refsynopsisdiv>
115
111
<refsect1 id="description">
116
112
<title>DESCRIPTION</title>
118
114
<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command> is a server daemon which
119
115
handles incoming request for passwords for a pre-defined list of
120
client host computers. For an introduction, see
121
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>intro</refentrytitle>
122
<manvolnum>8mandos</manvolnum></citerefentry>. The Mandos server
123
uses Zeroconf to announce itself on the local network, and uses
124
TLS to communicate securely with and to authenticate the
125
clients. The Mandos server uses IPv6 to allow Mandos clients to
126
use IPv6 link-local addresses, since the clients will probably
127
not have any other addresses configured (see <xref
128
linkend="overview"/>). Any authenticated client is then given
129
the stored pre-encrypted password for that specific client.
116
client host computers. The Mandos server uses Zeroconf to
117
announce itself on the local network, and uses TLS to
118
communicate securely with and to authenticate the clients. The
119
Mandos server uses IPv6 to allow Mandos clients to use IPv6
120
link-local addresses, since the clients will probably not have
121
any other addresses configured (see <xref linkend="overview"/>).
122
Any authenticated client is then given the stored pre-encrypted
123
password for that specific client.
133
128
<refsect1 id="purpose">
134
129
<title>PURPOSE</title>
136
132
The purpose of this is to enable <emphasis>remote and unattended
137
133
rebooting</emphasis> of client host computer with an
138
134
<emphasis>encrypted root file system</emphasis>. See <xref
139
135
linkend="overview"/> for details.
143
140
<refsect1 id="options">
144
141
<title>OPTIONS</title>
147
<term><option>--help</option></term>
148
<term><option>-h</option></term>
145
<term><literal>-h</literal>, <literal>--help</literal></term>
151
148
Show a help message and exit
157
<term><option>--interface</option>
158
<replaceable>NAME</replaceable></term>
159
<term><option>-i</option>
160
<replaceable>NAME</replaceable></term>
162
<xi:include href="mandos-options.xml" xpointer="interface"/>
167
<term><option>--address
168
<replaceable>ADDRESS</replaceable></option></term>
170
<replaceable>ADDRESS</replaceable></option></term>
172
<xi:include href="mandos-options.xml" xpointer="address"/>
178
<replaceable>PORT</replaceable></option></term>
180
<replaceable>PORT</replaceable></option></term>
182
<xi:include href="mandos-options.xml" xpointer="port"/>
187
<term><option>--check</option></term>
154
<term><literal>-i</literal>, <literal>--interface <replaceable>
155
IF</replaceable></literal></term>
158
Only announce the server and listen to requests on network
159
interface <replaceable>IF</replaceable>. Default is to
160
use all available interfaces. <emphasis>Note:</emphasis>
161
a failure to bind to the specified interface is not
162
considered critical, and the server does not exit.
168
<term><literal>-a</literal>, <literal>--address <replaceable>
169
ADDRESS</replaceable></literal></term>
172
If this option is used, the server will only listen to a
173
specific address. This must currently be an IPv6 address;
174
an IPv4 address can be specified using the
175
<quote><literal>::FFFF:192.0.2.3</literal></quote> syntax.
176
Also, if a link-local address is specified, an interface
177
should be set, since a link-local address is only valid on
178
a single interface. By default, the server will listen to
179
all available addresses.
185
<term><literal>-p</literal>, <literal>--port <replaceable>
186
PORT</replaceable></literal></term>
189
If this option is used, the server to bind to that
190
port. By default, the server will listen to an arbitrary
191
port given by the operating system.
197
<term><literal>--check</literal></term>
190
200
Run the server’s self-tests. This includes any unit
197
<term><option>--debug</option></term>
199
<xi:include href="mandos-options.xml" xpointer="debug"/>
204
<term><option>--debuglevel
205
<replaceable>LEVEL</replaceable></option></term>
208
Set the debugging log level.
209
<replaceable>LEVEL</replaceable> is a string, one of
210
<quote><literal>CRITICAL</literal></quote>,
211
<quote><literal>ERROR</literal></quote>,
212
<quote><literal>WARNING</literal></quote>,
213
<quote><literal>INFO</literal></quote>, or
214
<quote><literal>DEBUG</literal></quote>, in order of
215
increasing verbosity. The default level is
216
<quote><literal>WARNING</literal></quote>.
222
<term><option>--priority <replaceable>
223
PRIORITY</replaceable></option></term>
225
<xi:include href="mandos-options.xml" xpointer="priority"/>
230
<term><option>--servicename
231
<replaceable>NAME</replaceable></option></term>
233
<xi:include href="mandos-options.xml"
234
xpointer="servicename"/>
239
<term><option>--configdir
240
<replaceable>DIRECTORY</replaceable></option></term>
207
<term><literal>--debug</literal></term>
210
If the server is run in debug mode, it will run in the
211
foreground and print a lot of debugging information. The
212
default is <emphasis>not</emphasis> to run in debug mode.
218
<term><literal>--priority <replaceable>
219
PRIORITY</replaceable></literal></term>
222
GnuTLS priority string for the TLS handshake with the
223
clients. The default is
224
<quote><literal>SECURE256:!CTYPE-X.509:+CTYPE-OPENPGP</literal></quote>.
225
See <citerefentry><refentrytitle>gnutls_priority_init
226
</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>
227
for the syntax. <emphasis>Warning</emphasis>: changing
228
this may make the TLS handshake fail, making communication
229
with clients impossible.
235
<term><literal>--servicename <replaceable>NAME</replaceable>
239
Zeroconf service name. The default is
240
<quote><literal>Mandos</literal></quote>. This only needs
241
to be changed this if it, for some reason, is necessary to
242
run more than one server on the same
243
<emphasis>host</emphasis>, which would not normally be
244
useful. If there are name collisions on the same
245
<emphasis>network</emphasis>, the newer server will
246
automatically rename itself to <quote><literal>Mandos
247
#2</literal></quote>, and so on; therefore, this option is
248
not needed in that case.
254
<term><literal>--configdir <replaceable>DIR</replaceable>
243
258
Directory to search for configuration files. Default is
346
344
</tbody></tgroup></table>
349
347
<refsect1 id="checking">
350
348
<title>CHECKING</title>
352
350
The server will, by default, continually check that the clients
353
351
are still up. If a client has not been confirmed as being up
354
352
for some time, the client is assumed to be compromised and is no
355
longer eligible to receive the encrypted password. (Manual
356
intervention is required to re-enable a client.) The timeout,
357
extended timeout, checker program, and interval between checks
358
can be configured both globally and per client; see
359
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>mandos-clients.conf</refentrytitle>
360
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>. A client successfully
361
receiving its password will also be treated as a successful
366
<refsect1 id="approval">
367
<title>APPROVAL</title>
369
The server can be configured to require manual approval for a
370
client before it is sent its secret. The delay to wait for such
371
approval and the default action (approve or deny) can be
372
configured both globally and per client; see <citerefentry>
353
longer eligible to receive the encrypted password. The timeout,
354
checker program, and interval between checks can be configured
355
both globally and per client; see <citerefentry>
356
<refentrytitle>mandos.conf</refentrytitle>
357
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> and <citerefentry>
373
358
<refentrytitle>mandos-clients.conf</refentrytitle>
374
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>. By default all clients
375
will be approved immediately without delay.
378
This can be used to deny a client its secret if not manually
379
approved within a specified time. It can also be used to make
380
the server delay before giving a client its secret, allowing
381
optional manual denying of this specific client.
359
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
386
363
<refsect1 id="logging">
387
364
<title>LOGGING</title>
389
The server will send log message with various severity levels to
390
<filename>/dev/log</filename>. With the
366
The server will send log messaged with various severity levels
367
to <filename>/dev/log</filename>. With the
391
368
<option>--debug</option> option, it will log even more messages,
392
369
and also show them on the console.
396
<refsect1 id="dbus_interface">
397
<title>D-BUS INTERFACE</title>
399
The server will by default provide a D-Bus system bus interface.
400
This interface will only be accessible by the root user or a
401
Mandos-specific user, if such a user exists. For documentation
402
of the D-Bus API, see the file <filename>DBUS-API</filename>.
406
373
<refsect1 id="exit_status">
407
374
<title>EXIT STATUS</title>
590
559
If a client is compromised, its downtime should be duly noted
591
by the server which would therefore disable the client. But
592
if the server was ever restarted, it would re-read its client
593
list from its configuration file and again regard all clients
594
therein as enabled, and hence eligible to receive their
595
passwords. Therefore, be careful when restarting servers if
596
it is suspected that a client has, in fact, been compromised
597
by parties who may now be running a fake Mandos client with
598
the keys from the non-encrypted initial <acronym>RAM</acronym>
599
image of the client host. What should be done in that case
600
(if restarting the server program really is necessary) is to
601
stop the server program, edit the configuration file to omit
602
any suspect clients, and restart the server program.
560
by the server which would therefore declare the client
561
invalid. But if the server was ever restarted, it would
562
re-read its client list from its configuration file and again
563
regard all clients therein as valid, and hence eligible to
564
receive their passwords. Therefore, be careful when
565
restarting servers if it is suspected that a client has, in
566
fact, been compromised by parties who may now be running a
567
fake Mandos client with the keys from the non-encrypted
568
initial RAM image of the client host. What should be done in
569
that case (if restarting the server program really is
570
necessary) is to stop the server program, edit the
571
configuration file to omit any suspect clients, and restart
605
575
For more details on client-side security, see
606
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>mandos-client</refentrytitle>
576
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>password-request</refentrytitle>
607
577
<manvolnum>8mandos</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
612
582
<refsect1 id="see_also">
613
583
<title>SEE ALSO</title>
615
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>intro</refentrytitle>
616
<manvolnum>8mandos</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
617
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>mandos-clients.conf</refentrytitle>
618
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
619
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>mandos.conf</refentrytitle>
620
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
621
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>mandos-client</refentrytitle>
622
<manvolnum>8mandos</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
623
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>sh</refentrytitle>
624
<manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>
588
<refentrytitle>password-request</refentrytitle>
589
<manvolnum>8mandos</manvolnum>
594
This is the actual program which talks to this server.
595
Note that it is normally not invoked directly, and is only
596
run in the initial RAM disk environment, and not on a
597
fully started system.
629
603
<ulink url="http://www.zeroconf.org/">Zeroconf</ulink>
664
RFC 4291: <citetitle>IP Version 6 Addressing
665
Architecture</citetitle>
638
<citation>RFC 4291: <citetitle>IP Version 6 Addressing
639
Architecture</citetitle>, section 2.5.6, Link-Local IPv6
640
Unicast Addresses</citation>
670
<term>Section 2.2: <citetitle>Text Representation of
671
Addresses</citetitle></term>
672
<listitem><para/></listitem>
675
<term>Section 2.5.5.2: <citetitle>IPv4-Mapped IPv6
676
Address</citetitle></term>
677
<listitem><para/></listitem>
680
<term>Section 2.5.6, <citetitle>Link-Local IPv6 Unicast
681
Addresses</citetitle></term>
684
The clients use IPv6 link-local addresses, which are
685
immediately usable since a link-local addresses is
686
automatically assigned to a network interfaces when it
644
The clients use IPv6 link-local addresses, which are
645
immediately usable since a link-local addresses is
646
automatically assigned to a network interfaces when it is
696
RFC 4346: <citetitle>The Transport Layer Security (TLS)
697
Protocol Version 1.1</citetitle>
653
<citation>RFC 4346: <citetitle>The Transport Layer Security
654
(TLS) Protocol Version 1.1</citetitle></citation>