1
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
1
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
2
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl"
3
href="http://docbook.sourceforge.net/release/xsl/current/manpages/docbook.xsl"?>
2
4
<!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
5
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
6
<!ENTITY VERSION "1.0">
4
7
<!ENTITY COMMANDNAME "mandos">
5
<!ENTITY TIMESTAMP "2017-02-23">
6
<!ENTITY % common SYSTEM "common.ent">
10
<refentry xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
12
<title>Mandos Manual</title>
13
<!-- NWalsh’s docbook scripts use this to generate the footer: -->
14
<productname>Mandos</productname>
15
<productnumber>&version;</productnumber>
16
<date>&TIMESTAMP;</date>
12
<title>&COMMANDNAME;</title>
13
<!-- NWalsh's docbook scripts use this to generate the footer: -->
14
<productname>&COMMANDNAME;</productname>
15
<productnumber>&VERSION;</productnumber>
19
18
<firstname>Björn</firstname>
20
19
<surname>Påhlsson</surname>
22
<email>belorn@recompile.se</email>
21
<email>belorn@fukt.bsnet.se</email>
26
25
<firstname>Teddy</firstname>
27
26
<surname>Hogeborn</surname>
29
<email>teddy@recompile.se</email>
28
<email>teddy@fukt.bsnet.se</email>
44
34
<holder>Teddy Hogeborn</holder>
45
35
<holder>Björn Påhlsson</holder>
47
<xi:include href="legalnotice.xml"/>
39
This manual page is free software: you can redistribute it
40
and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public
41
License as published by the Free Software Foundation,
42
either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any
47
This manual page is distributed in the hope that it will
48
be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the
49
implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A
50
PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
55
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public
56
License along with this program; If not, see
57
<ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/licenses/"/>.
51
63
<refentrytitle>&COMMANDNAME;</refentrytitle>
52
64
<manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
56
68
<refname><command>&COMMANDNAME;</command></refname>
58
Gives encrypted passwords to authenticated Mandos clients
70
Sends encrypted passwords to authenticated Mandos clients
64
76
<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command>
66
<arg choice="plain"><option>--interface
67
<replaceable>NAME</replaceable></option></arg>
68
<arg choice="plain"><option>-i
69
<replaceable>NAME</replaceable></option></arg>
73
<arg choice="plain"><option>--address
74
<replaceable>ADDRESS</replaceable></option></arg>
75
<arg choice="plain"><option>-a
76
<replaceable>ADDRESS</replaceable></option></arg>
80
<arg choice="plain"><option>--port
81
<replaceable>PORT</replaceable></option></arg>
82
<arg choice="plain"><option>-p
83
<replaceable>PORT</replaceable></option></arg>
86
<arg><option>--priority
87
<replaceable>PRIORITY</replaceable></option></arg>
89
<arg><option>--servicename
90
<replaceable>NAME</replaceable></option></arg>
92
<arg><option>--configdir
93
<replaceable>DIRECTORY</replaceable></option></arg>
95
<arg><option>--debug</option></arg>
97
<arg><option>--debuglevel
98
<replaceable>LEVEL</replaceable></option></arg>
100
<arg><option>--no-dbus</option></arg>
102
<arg><option>--no-ipv6</option></arg>
104
<arg><option>--no-restore</option></arg>
106
<arg><option>--statedir
107
<replaceable>DIRECTORY</replaceable></option></arg>
109
<arg><option>--socket
110
<replaceable>FD</replaceable></option></arg>
112
<arg><option>--foreground</option></arg>
114
<arg><option>--no-zeroconf</option></arg>
117
<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command>
119
<arg choice="plain"><option>--help</option></arg>
120
<arg choice="plain"><option>-h</option></arg>
124
<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command>
125
<arg choice="plain"><option>--version</option></arg>
128
<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command>
129
<arg choice="plain"><option>--check</option></arg>
77
<arg choice='opt'>--interface<arg choice='plain'>IF</arg></arg>
78
<arg choice='opt'>--address<arg choice='plain'>ADDRESS</arg></arg>
79
<arg choice='opt'>--port<arg choice='plain'>PORT</arg></arg>
80
<arg choice='opt'>--priority<arg choice='plain'>PRIORITY</arg></arg>
81
<arg choice='opt'>--servicename<arg choice='plain'>NAME</arg></arg>
82
<arg choice='opt'>--configdir<arg choice='plain'>DIRECTORY</arg></arg>
83
<arg choice='opt'>--debug</arg>
86
<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command>
87
<arg choice='opt'>-i<arg choice='plain'>IF</arg></arg>
88
<arg choice='opt'>-a<arg choice='plain'>ADDRESS</arg></arg>
89
<arg choice='opt'>-p<arg choice='plain'>PORT</arg></arg>
90
<arg choice='opt'>--priority<arg choice='plain'>PRIORITY</arg></arg>
91
<arg choice='opt'>--servicename<arg choice='plain'>NAME</arg></arg>
92
<arg choice='opt'>--configdir<arg choice='plain'>DIRECTORY</arg></arg>
93
<arg choice='opt'>--debug</arg>
96
<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command>
97
<arg choice='plain'>--help</arg>
100
<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command>
101
<arg choice='plain'>--version</arg>
104
<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command>
105
<arg choice='plain'>--check</arg>
131
107
</refsynopsisdiv>
133
109
<refsect1 id="description">
134
110
<title>DESCRIPTION</title>
136
112
<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command> is a server daemon which
137
113
handles incoming request for passwords for a pre-defined list of
138
client host computers. For an introduction, see
139
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>intro</refentrytitle>
140
<manvolnum>8mandos</manvolnum></citerefentry>. The Mandos server
141
uses Zeroconf to announce itself on the local network, and uses
142
TLS to communicate securely with and to authenticate the
143
clients. The Mandos server uses IPv6 to allow Mandos clients to
144
use IPv6 link-local addresses, since the clients will probably
145
not have any other addresses configured (see <xref
146
linkend="overview"/>). Any authenticated client is then given
147
the stored pre-encrypted password for that specific client.
114
client host computers. The Mandos server uses Zeroconf to
115
announce itself on the local network, and uses GnuTLS to
116
communicate securely with and to authenticate the clients.
117
Mandos uses IPv6 link-local addresses, since the clients are
118
assumed to not have any other addresses configured. Any
119
authenticated client is then given the pre-encrypted password
120
for that specific client.
151
125
<refsect1 id="purpose">
152
126
<title>PURPOSE</title>
154
129
The purpose of this is to enable <emphasis>remote and unattended
155
rebooting</emphasis> of client host computer with an
156
<emphasis>encrypted root file system</emphasis>. See <xref
157
linkend="overview"/> for details.
130
rebooting</emphasis> of any client host computer with an
131
<emphasis>encrypted root file system</emphasis>. The client
132
host computer should start a Mandos client in the initial RAM
133
disk environment, the Mandos client program communicates with
134
this server program to get an encrypted password, which is then
135
decrypted and used to unlock the encrypted root file system.
136
The client host computer can then continue its boot sequence
161
142
<refsect1 id="options">
162
143
<title>OPTIONS</title>
165
<term><option>--help</option></term>
166
<term><option>-h</option></term>
147
<term><literal>-h</literal>, <literal>--help</literal></term>
169
150
Show a help message and exit
175
<term><option>--interface</option>
176
<replaceable>NAME</replaceable></term>
177
<term><option>-i</option>
178
<replaceable>NAME</replaceable></term>
180
<xi:include href="mandos-options.xml" xpointer="interface"/>
185
<term><option>--address
186
<replaceable>ADDRESS</replaceable></option></term>
188
<replaceable>ADDRESS</replaceable></option></term>
190
<xi:include href="mandos-options.xml" xpointer="address"/>
196
<replaceable>PORT</replaceable></option></term>
198
<replaceable>PORT</replaceable></option></term>
200
<xi:include href="mandos-options.xml" xpointer="port"/>
205
<term><option>--check</option></term>
208
Run the server’s self-tests. This includes any unit
156
<term><literal>-i</literal>, <literal>--interface <replaceable>
157
IF</replaceable></literal></term>
160
Only announce the server and listen to requests on network
161
interface <replaceable>IF</replaceable>. Default is to
162
use all available interfaces.
168
<term><literal>-a</literal>, <literal>--address <replaceable>
169
ADDRESS</replaceable></literal></term>
172
If this option is used, the server will only listen to a
173
specific address. This must currently be an IPv6 address;
174
an IPv4 address can be specified using the
175
<quote><literal>::FFFF:192.0.2.3</literal></quote> syntax.
176
Also, if a link-local address is specified, an interface
177
should be set, since a link-local address is only valid on
178
a single interface. By default, the server will listen to
179
all available addresses.
185
<term><literal>-p</literal>, <literal>--port <replaceable>
186
PORT</replaceable></literal></term>
189
If this option is used, the server to bind to that
190
port. By default, the server will listen to an arbitrary
191
port given by the operating system.
197
<term><literal>--check</literal></term>
200
Run the server's self-tests. This includes any unit
215
<term><option>--debug</option></term>
217
<xi:include href="mandos-options.xml" xpointer="debug"/>
222
<term><option>--debuglevel
223
<replaceable>LEVEL</replaceable></option></term>
226
Set the debugging log level.
227
<replaceable>LEVEL</replaceable> is a string, one of
228
<quote><literal>CRITICAL</literal></quote>,
229
<quote><literal>ERROR</literal></quote>,
230
<quote><literal>WARNING</literal></quote>,
231
<quote><literal>INFO</literal></quote>, or
232
<quote><literal>DEBUG</literal></quote>, in order of
233
increasing verbosity. The default level is
234
<quote><literal>WARNING</literal></quote>.
240
<term><option>--priority <replaceable>
241
PRIORITY</replaceable></option></term>
243
<xi:include href="mandos-options.xml" xpointer="priority"/>
248
<term><option>--servicename
249
<replaceable>NAME</replaceable></option></term>
251
<xi:include href="mandos-options.xml"
252
xpointer="servicename"/>
257
<term><option>--configdir
258
<replaceable>DIRECTORY</replaceable></option></term>
207
<term><literal>--debug</literal></term>
210
If the server is run in debug mode, it will run in the
211
foreground and print a lot of debugging information. The
212
default is <emphasis>not</emphasis> to run in debug mode.
218
<term><literal>--priority <replaceable>
219
PRIORITY</replaceable></literal></term>
222
GnuTLS priority string for the TLS handshake with the
224
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>gnutls_priority_init
225
</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>
226
for the syntax. The default is
227
<quote><literal>SECURE256:!CTYPE-X.509:+CTYPE-OPENPGP</literal></quote>.
228
<emphasis>Warning</emphasis>: changing this may make the
229
TLS handshake fail, making communication with clients
236
<term><literal>--servicename <replaceable>NAME</replaceable>
240
Zeroconf service name. The default is
241
<quote><literal>Mandos</literal></quote>. You only need
242
to change this if you for some reason want to run more
243
than one server on the same <emphasis>host</emphasis>,
244
which would not normally be useful. If there are name
245
collisions on the same <emphasis>network</emphasis>, the
246
newer server will automatically rename itself to
247
<quote><literal>Mandos #2</literal></quote>, and so on,
248
therefore this option is not needed in that case.
254
<term><literal>--configdir <replaceable>DIR</replaceable>
261
258
Directory to search for configuration files. Default is
406
334
</tbody></tgroup></table>
409
337
<refsect1 id="checking">
410
338
<title>CHECKING</title>
412
340
The server will, by default, continually check that the clients
413
341
are still up. If a client has not been confirmed as being up
414
342
for some time, the client is assumed to be compromised and is no
415
longer eligible to receive the encrypted password. (Manual
416
intervention is required to re-enable a client.) The timeout,
417
extended timeout, checker program, and interval between checks
418
can be configured both globally and per client; see
419
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>mandos-clients.conf</refentrytitle>
343
longer eligible to receive the encrypted password. The timeout,
344
checker program and interval between checks can be configured
345
both globally and per client; see <citerefentry>
346
<refentrytitle>mandos.conf</refentrytitle>
347
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> and <citerefentry>
348
<refentrytitle>mandos-clients.conf</refentrytitle>
420
349
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
424
<refsect1 id="approval">
425
<title>APPROVAL</title>
427
The server can be configured to require manual approval for a
428
client before it is sent its secret. The delay to wait for such
429
approval and the default action (approve or deny) can be
430
configured both globally and per client; see <citerefentry>
431
<refentrytitle>mandos-clients.conf</refentrytitle>
432
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>. By default all clients
433
will be approved immediately without delay.
436
This can be used to deny a client its secret if not manually
437
approved within a specified time. It can also be used to make
438
the server delay before giving a client its secret, allowing
439
optional manual denying of this specific client.
444
353
<refsect1 id="logging">
445
354
<title>LOGGING</title>
447
The server will send log message with various severity levels to
448
<filename class="devicefile">/dev/log</filename>. With the
356
The server will send log messaged with various severity levels
357
to <filename>/dev/log</filename>. With the
449
358
<option>--debug</option> option, it will log even more messages,
450
359
and also show them on the console.
454
<refsect1 id="persistent_state">
455
<title>PERSISTENT STATE</title>
457
Client settings, initially read from
458
<filename>clients.conf</filename>, are persistent across
459
restarts, and run-time changes will override settings in
460
<filename>clients.conf</filename>. However, if a setting is
461
<emphasis>changed</emphasis> (or a client added, or removed) in
462
<filename>clients.conf</filename>, this will take precedence.
466
<refsect1 id="dbus_interface">
467
<title>D-BUS INTERFACE</title>
469
The server will by default provide a D-Bus system bus interface.
470
This interface will only be accessible by the root user or a
471
Mandos-specific user, if such a user exists. For documentation
472
of the D-Bus API, see the file <filename>DBUS-API</filename>.
476
363
<refsect1 id="exit_status">
477
364
<title>EXIT STATUS</title>
652
481
itself and looks up the fingerprint in its list of
653
482
clients. The <filename>clients.conf</filename> file (see
654
483
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>mandos-clients.conf</refentrytitle>
655
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>)
656
<emphasis>must</emphasis> be made non-readable by anyone
657
except the user starting the server (usually root).
660
As detailed in <xref linkend="checking"/>, the status of all
661
client computers will continually be checked and be assumed
662
compromised if they are gone for too long.
484
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>) must be non-readable
485
by anyone except the user running the server.
665
488
For more details on client-side security, see
666
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>mandos-client</refentrytitle>
489
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>password-request</refentrytitle>
667
490
<manvolnum>8mandos</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
672
495
<refsect1 id="see_also">
673
496
<title>SEE ALSO</title>
675
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>intro</refentrytitle>
676
<manvolnum>8mandos</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
677
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>mandos-clients.conf</refentrytitle>
678
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
679
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>mandos.conf</refentrytitle>
680
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
681
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>mandos-client</refentrytitle>
682
<manvolnum>8mandos</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
683
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>sh</refentrytitle>
684
<manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>
689
<ulink url="http://www.zeroconf.org/">Zeroconf</ulink>
693
Zeroconf is the network protocol standard used by clients
694
for finding this Mandos server on the local network.
700
<ulink url="http://www.avahi.org/">Avahi</ulink>
704
Avahi is the library this server calls to implement
705
Zeroconf service announcements.
711
<ulink url="https://gnutls.org/">GnuTLS</ulink>
715
GnuTLS is the library this server uses to implement TLS for
716
communicating securely with the client, and at the same time
717
confidently get the client’s public OpenPGP key.
723
RFC 4291: <citetitle>IP Version 6 Addressing
724
Architecture</citetitle>
729
<term>Section 2.2: <citetitle>Text Representation of
730
Addresses</citetitle></term>
731
<listitem><para/></listitem>
734
<term>Section 2.5.5.2: <citetitle>IPv4-Mapped IPv6
735
Address</citetitle></term>
736
<listitem><para/></listitem>
739
<term>Section 2.5.6, <citetitle>Link-Local IPv6 Unicast
740
Addresses</citetitle></term>
743
The clients use IPv6 link-local addresses, which are
744
immediately usable since a link-local addresses is
745
automatically assigned to a network interfaces when it
755
RFC 5246: <citetitle>The Transport Layer Security (TLS)
756
Protocol Version 1.2</citetitle>
760
TLS 1.2 is the protocol implemented by GnuTLS.
766
RFC 4880: <citetitle>OpenPGP Message Format</citetitle>
770
The data sent to clients is binary encrypted OpenPGP data.
776
RFC 6091: <citetitle>Using OpenPGP Keys for Transport Layer
777
Security (TLS) Authentication</citetitle>
781
This is implemented by GnuTLS and used by this server so
782
that OpenPGP keys can be used.
497
<itemizedlist spacing="compact">
499
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>password-request</refentrytitle>
500
<manvolnum>8mandos</manvolnum></citerefentry>
504
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>plugin-runner</refentrytitle>
505
<manvolnum>8mandos</manvolnum></citerefentry>
509
<ulink url="http://www.zeroconf.org/">Zeroconf</ulink>
513
<ulink url="http://www.avahi.org/">Avahi</ulink>
518
url="http://www.gnu.org/software/gnutls/">GnuTLS</ulink>
522
<citation>RFC 4880: <citetitle>OpenPGP Message
523
Format</citetitle></citation>
527
<citation>RFC 5081: <citetitle>Using OpenPGP Keys for
528
Transport Layer Security</citetitle></citation>
532
<citation>RFC 4291: <citetitle>IP Version 6 Addressing
533
Architecture</citetitle>, section 2.5.6, Link-Local IPv6
534
Unicast Addresses</citation>
789
<!-- Local Variables: -->
790
<!-- time-stamp-start: "<!ENTITY TIMESTAMP [\"']" -->
791
<!-- time-stamp-end: "[\"']>" -->
792
<!-- time-stamp-format: "%:y-%02m-%02d" -->