1
1
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
2
2
<!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3
3
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4
<!ENTITY VERSION "1.0">
5
4
<!ENTITY COMMANDNAME "mandos">
5
<!ENTITY TIMESTAMP "2015-12-06">
6
<!ENTITY % common SYSTEM "common.ent">
8
10
<refentry xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
10
<title>&COMMANDNAME;</title>
12
<title>Mandos Manual</title>
11
13
<!-- NWalsh’s docbook scripts use this to generate the footer: -->
12
<productname>&COMMANDNAME;</productname>
13
<productnumber>&VERSION;</productnumber>
14
<productname>Mandos</productname>
15
<productnumber>&version;</productnumber>
16
<date>&TIMESTAMP;</date>
16
19
<firstname>Björn</firstname>
17
20
<surname>Påhlsson</surname>
19
<email>belorn@fukt.bsnet.se</email>
22
<email>belorn@recompile.se</email>
23
26
<firstname>Teddy</firstname>
24
27
<surname>Hogeborn</surname>
26
<email>teddy@fukt.bsnet.se</email>
29
<email>teddy@recompile.se</email>
32
42
<holder>Teddy Hogeborn</holder>
33
43
<holder>Björn Påhlsson</holder>
37
This manual page is free software: you can redistribute it
38
and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public
39
License as published by the Free Software Foundation,
40
either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any
45
This manual page is distributed in the hope that it will
46
be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the
47
implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A
48
PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
53
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public
54
License along with this program; If not, see
55
<ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/licenses/"/>.
45
<xi:include href="legalnotice.xml"/>
61
49
<refentrytitle>&COMMANDNAME;</refentrytitle>
62
50
<manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
66
54
<refname><command>&COMMANDNAME;</command></refname>
68
Sends encrypted passwords to authenticated Mandos clients
56
Gives encrypted passwords to authenticated Mandos clients
74
62
<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command>
75
<arg>--interface<arg choice="plain">NAME</arg></arg>
76
<arg>--address<arg choice="plain">ADDRESS</arg></arg>
77
<arg>--port<arg choice="plain">PORT</arg></arg>
78
<arg>--priority<arg choice="plain">PRIORITY</arg></arg>
79
<arg>--servicename<arg choice="plain">NAME</arg></arg>
80
<arg>--configdir<arg choice="plain">DIRECTORY</arg></arg>
84
<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command>
85
<arg>-i<arg choice="plain">NAME</arg></arg>
86
<arg>-a<arg choice="plain">ADDRESS</arg></arg>
87
<arg>-p<arg choice="plain">PORT</arg></arg>
88
<arg>--priority<arg choice="plain">PRIORITY</arg></arg>
89
<arg>--servicename<arg choice="plain">NAME</arg></arg>
90
<arg>--configdir<arg choice="plain">DIRECTORY</arg></arg>
64
<arg choice="plain"><option>--interface
65
<replaceable>NAME</replaceable></option></arg>
66
<arg choice="plain"><option>-i
67
<replaceable>NAME</replaceable></option></arg>
71
<arg choice="plain"><option>--address
72
<replaceable>ADDRESS</replaceable></option></arg>
73
<arg choice="plain"><option>-a
74
<replaceable>ADDRESS</replaceable></option></arg>
78
<arg choice="plain"><option>--port
79
<replaceable>PORT</replaceable></option></arg>
80
<arg choice="plain"><option>-p
81
<replaceable>PORT</replaceable></option></arg>
84
<arg><option>--priority
85
<replaceable>PRIORITY</replaceable></option></arg>
87
<arg><option>--servicename
88
<replaceable>NAME</replaceable></option></arg>
90
<arg><option>--configdir
91
<replaceable>DIRECTORY</replaceable></option></arg>
93
<arg><option>--debug</option></arg>
95
<arg><option>--debuglevel
96
<replaceable>LEVEL</replaceable></option></arg>
98
<arg><option>--no-dbus</option></arg>
100
<arg><option>--no-ipv6</option></arg>
102
<arg><option>--no-restore</option></arg>
104
<arg><option>--statedir
105
<replaceable>DIRECTORY</replaceable></option></arg>
107
<arg><option>--socket
108
<replaceable>FD</replaceable></option></arg>
110
<arg><option>--foreground</option></arg>
112
<arg><option>--no-zeroconf</option></arg>
94
115
<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command>
95
116
<group choice="req">
96
<arg choice="plain">-h</arg>
97
<arg choice="plain">--help</arg>
117
<arg choice="plain"><option>--help</option></arg>
118
<arg choice="plain"><option>-h</option></arg>
101
122
<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command>
102
<arg choice="plain">--version</arg>
123
<arg choice="plain"><option>--version</option></arg>
105
126
<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command>
106
<arg choice="plain">--check</arg>
127
<arg choice="plain"><option>--check</option></arg>
108
129
</refsynopsisdiv>
110
131
<refsect1 id="description">
111
132
<title>DESCRIPTION</title>
113
134
<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command> is a server daemon which
114
135
handles incoming request for passwords for a pre-defined list of
115
client host computers. The Mandos server uses Zeroconf to
116
announce itself on the local network, and uses TLS to
117
communicate securely with and to authenticate the clients. The
118
Mandos server uses IPv6 to allow Mandos clients to use IPv6
119
link-local addresses, since the clients will probably not have
120
any other addresses configured (see <xref linkend="overview"/>).
121
Any authenticated client is then given the stored pre-encrypted
122
password for that specific client.
136
client host computers. For an introduction, see
137
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>intro</refentrytitle>
138
<manvolnum>8mandos</manvolnum></citerefentry>. The Mandos server
139
uses Zeroconf to announce itself on the local network, and uses
140
TLS to communicate securely with and to authenticate the
141
clients. The Mandos server uses IPv6 to allow Mandos clients to
142
use IPv6 link-local addresses, since the clients will probably
143
not have any other addresses configured (see <xref
144
linkend="overview"/>). Any authenticated client is then given
145
the stored pre-encrypted password for that specific client.
127
149
<refsect1 id="purpose">
128
150
<title>PURPOSE</title>
131
152
The purpose of this is to enable <emphasis>remote and unattended
132
153
rebooting</emphasis> of client host computer with an
133
154
<emphasis>encrypted root file system</emphasis>. See <xref
134
155
linkend="overview"/> for details.
139
159
<refsect1 id="options">
140
160
<title>OPTIONS</title>
144
<term><literal>-h</literal>, <literal>--help</literal></term>
163
<term><option>--help</option></term>
164
<term><option>-h</option></term>
147
167
Show a help message and exit
153
<term><literal>-i</literal>, <literal>--interface <replaceable
154
>NAME</replaceable></literal></term>
173
<term><option>--interface</option>
174
<replaceable>NAME</replaceable></term>
175
<term><option>-i</option>
176
<replaceable>NAME</replaceable></term>
156
178
<xi:include href="mandos-options.xml" xpointer="interface"/>
161
<term><literal>-a</literal>, <literal>--address <replaceable>
162
ADDRESS</replaceable></literal></term>
183
<term><option>--address
184
<replaceable>ADDRESS</replaceable></option></term>
186
<replaceable>ADDRESS</replaceable></option></term>
164
188
<xi:include href="mandos-options.xml" xpointer="address"/>
169
<term><literal>-p</literal>, <literal>--port <replaceable>
170
PORT</replaceable></literal></term>
194
<replaceable>PORT</replaceable></option></term>
196
<replaceable>PORT</replaceable></option></term>
172
198
<xi:include href="mandos-options.xml" xpointer="port"/>
177
<term><literal>--check</literal></term>
203
<term><option>--check</option></term>
180
206
Run the server’s self-tests. This includes any unit
187
<term><literal>--debug</literal></term>
213
<term><option>--debug</option></term>
189
215
<xi:include href="mandos-options.xml" xpointer="debug"/>
194
<term><literal>--priority <replaceable>
195
PRIORITY</replaceable></literal></term>
220
<term><option>--debuglevel
221
<replaceable>LEVEL</replaceable></option></term>
224
Set the debugging log level.
225
<replaceable>LEVEL</replaceable> is a string, one of
226
<quote><literal>CRITICAL</literal></quote>,
227
<quote><literal>ERROR</literal></quote>,
228
<quote><literal>WARNING</literal></quote>,
229
<quote><literal>INFO</literal></quote>, or
230
<quote><literal>DEBUG</literal></quote>, in order of
231
increasing verbosity. The default level is
232
<quote><literal>WARNING</literal></quote>.
238
<term><option>--priority <replaceable>
239
PRIORITY</replaceable></option></term>
197
241
<xi:include href="mandos-options.xml" xpointer="priority"/>
202
<term><literal>--servicename <replaceable>NAME</replaceable>
246
<term><option>--servicename
247
<replaceable>NAME</replaceable></option></term>
205
249
<xi:include href="mandos-options.xml"
206
250
xpointer="servicename"/>
211
<term><literal>--configdir <replaceable>DIR</replaceable>
255
<term><option>--configdir
256
<replaceable>DIRECTORY</replaceable></option></term>
215
259
Directory to search for configuration files. Default is
226
<term><literal>--version</literal></term>
270
<term><option>--version</option></term>
229
273
Prints the program version and exit.
279
<term><option>--no-dbus</option></term>
281
<xi:include href="mandos-options.xml" xpointer="dbus"/>
283
See also <xref linkend="dbus_interface"/>.
289
<term><option>--no-ipv6</option></term>
291
<xi:include href="mandos-options.xml" xpointer="ipv6"/>
296
<term><option>--no-restore</option></term>
298
<xi:include href="mandos-options.xml" xpointer="restore"/>
300
See also <xref linkend="persistent_state"/>.
306
<term><option>--statedir
307
<replaceable>DIRECTORY</replaceable></option></term>
309
<xi:include href="mandos-options.xml" xpointer="statedir"/>
314
<term><option>--socket
315
<replaceable>FD</replaceable></option></term>
317
<xi:include href="mandos-options.xml" xpointer="socket"/>
322
<term><option>--foreground</option></term>
324
<xi:include href="mandos-options.xml"
325
xpointer="foreground"/>
330
<term><option>--no-zeroconf</option></term>
332
<xi:include href="mandos-options.xml" xpointer="zeroconf"/>
236
339
<refsect1 id="overview">
237
340
<title>OVERVIEW</title>
238
341
<xi:include href="overview.xml"/>
240
343
This program is the server part. It is a normal server program
241
344
and will run in a normal system environment, not in an initial
242
RAM disk environment.
345
<acronym>RAM</acronym> disk environment.
246
349
<refsect1 id="protocol">
247
350
<title>NETWORK PROTOCOL</title>
301
404
</tbody></tgroup></table>
304
407
<refsect1 id="checking">
305
408
<title>CHECKING</title>
307
410
The server will, by default, continually check that the clients
308
411
are still up. If a client has not been confirmed as being up
309
412
for some time, the client is assumed to be compromised and is no
310
longer eligible to receive the encrypted password. The timeout,
311
checker program, and interval between checks can be configured
312
both globally and per client; see <citerefentry>
413
longer eligible to receive the encrypted password. (Manual
414
intervention is required to re-enable a client.) The timeout,
415
extended timeout, checker program, and interval between checks
416
can be configured both globally and per client; see
417
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>mandos-clients.conf</refentrytitle>
418
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
422
<refsect1 id="approval">
423
<title>APPROVAL</title>
425
The server can be configured to require manual approval for a
426
client before it is sent its secret. The delay to wait for such
427
approval and the default action (approve or deny) can be
428
configured both globally and per client; see <citerefentry>
313
429
<refentrytitle>mandos-clients.conf</refentrytitle>
314
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
430
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>. By default all clients
431
will be approved immediately without delay.
434
This can be used to deny a client its secret if not manually
435
approved within a specified time. It can also be used to make
436
the server delay before giving a client its secret, allowing
437
optional manual denying of this specific client.
318
442
<refsect1 id="logging">
319
443
<title>LOGGING</title>
321
445
The server will send log message with various severity levels to
322
<filename>/dev/log</filename>. With the
446
<filename class="devicefile">/dev/log</filename>. With the
323
447
<option>--debug</option> option, it will log even more messages,
324
448
and also show them on the console.
452
<refsect1 id="persistent_state">
453
<title>PERSISTENT STATE</title>
455
Client settings, initially read from
456
<filename>clients.conf</filename>, are persistent across
457
restarts, and run-time changes will override settings in
458
<filename>clients.conf</filename>. However, if a setting is
459
<emphasis>changed</emphasis> (or a client added, or removed) in
460
<filename>clients.conf</filename>, this will take precedence.
464
<refsect1 id="dbus_interface">
465
<title>D-BUS INTERFACE</title>
467
The server will by default provide a D-Bus system bus interface.
468
This interface will only be accessible by the root user or a
469
Mandos-specific user, if such a user exists. For documentation
470
of the D-Bus API, see the file <filename>DBUS-API</filename>.
328
474
<refsect1 id="exit_status">
329
475
<title>EXIT STATUS</title>
511
659
compromised if they are gone for too long.
514
If a client is compromised, its downtime should be duly noted
515
by the server which would therefore declare the client
516
invalid. But if the server was ever restarted, it would
517
re-read its client list from its configuration file and again
518
regard all clients therein as valid, and hence eligible to
519
receive their passwords. Therefore, be careful when
520
restarting servers if it is suspected that a client has, in
521
fact, been compromised by parties who may now be running a
522
fake Mandos client with the keys from the non-encrypted
523
initial RAM image of the client host. What should be done in
524
that case (if restarting the server program really is
525
necessary) is to stop the server program, edit the
526
configuration file to omit any suspect clients, and restart
530
662
For more details on client-side security, see
531
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>password-request</refentrytitle>
663
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>mandos-client</refentrytitle>
532
664
<manvolnum>8mandos</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
537
669
<refsect1 id="see_also">
538
670
<title>SEE ALSO</title>
541
<refentrytitle>mandos.conf</refentrytitle>
542
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry>
543
<refentrytitle>mandos-clients.conf</refentrytitle>
544
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry>
545
<refentrytitle>password-request</refentrytitle>
546
<manvolnum>8mandos</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry>
547
<refentrytitle>sh</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum>
672
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>intro</refentrytitle>
673
<manvolnum>8mandos</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
674
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>mandos-clients.conf</refentrytitle>
675
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
676
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>mandos.conf</refentrytitle>
677
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
678
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>mandos-client</refentrytitle>
679
<manvolnum>8mandos</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
680
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>sh</refentrytitle>
681
<manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>
588
<citation>RFC 4291: <citetitle>IP Version 6 Addressing
589
Architecture</citetitle>, section 2.5.6, Link-Local IPv6
590
Unicast Addresses</citation>
720
RFC 4291: <citetitle>IP Version 6 Addressing
721
Architecture</citetitle>
594
The clients use IPv6 link-local addresses, which are
595
immediately usable since a link-local addresses is
596
automatically assigned to a network interfaces when it is
726
<term>Section 2.2: <citetitle>Text Representation of
727
Addresses</citetitle></term>
728
<listitem><para/></listitem>
731
<term>Section 2.5.5.2: <citetitle>IPv4-Mapped IPv6
732
Address</citetitle></term>
733
<listitem><para/></listitem>
736
<term>Section 2.5.6, <citetitle>Link-Local IPv6 Unicast
737
Addresses</citetitle></term>
740
The clients use IPv6 link-local addresses, which are
741
immediately usable since a link-local addresses is
742
automatically assigned to a network interfaces when it
603
<citation>RFC 4346: <citetitle>The Transport Layer Security
604
(TLS) Protocol Version 1.1</citetitle></citation>
752
RFC 5246: <citetitle>The Transport Layer Security (TLS)
753
Protocol Version 1.2</citetitle>
608
TLS 1.1 is the protocol implemented by GnuTLS.
757
TLS 1.2 is the protocol implemented by GnuTLS.
614
<citation>RFC 4880: <citetitle>OpenPGP Message
615
Format</citetitle></citation>
763
RFC 4880: <citetitle>OpenPGP Message Format</citetitle>