1
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
2
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl"
3
href="http://docbook.sourceforge.net/release/xsl/current/manpages/docbook.xsl"?>
1
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
4
2
<!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
5
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
6
<!ENTITY VERSION "1.0">
3
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
7
4
<!ENTITY COMMANDNAME "mandos">
5
<!ENTITY TIMESTAMP "2012-01-01">
6
<!ENTITY % common SYSTEM "common.ent">
12
<title>&COMMANDNAME;</title>
13
<!-- NWalsh's docbook scripts use this to generate the footer: -->
14
<productname>&COMMANDNAME;</productname>
15
<productnumber>&VERSION;</productnumber>
10
<refentry xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
12
<title>Mandos Manual</title>
13
<!-- NWalsh’s docbook scripts use this to generate the footer: -->
14
<productname>Mandos</productname>
15
<productnumber>&version;</productnumber>
16
<date>&TIMESTAMP;</date>
18
19
<firstname>Björn</firstname>
19
20
<surname>Påhlsson</surname>
21
<email>belorn@fukt.bsnet.se</email>
22
<email>belorn@recompile.se</email>
25
26
<firstname>Teddy</firstname>
26
27
<surname>Hogeborn</surname>
28
<email>teddy@fukt.bsnet.se</email>
29
<email>teddy@recompile.se</email>
34
39
<holder>Teddy Hogeborn</holder>
35
40
<holder>Björn Påhlsson</holder>
39
This manual page is free software: you can redistribute it
40
and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public
41
License as published by the Free Software Foundation,
42
either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any
47
This manual page is distributed in the hope that it will
48
be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the
49
implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A
50
PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
55
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public
56
License along with this program; If not, see
57
<ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/licenses/"/>.
42
<xi:include href="legalnotice.xml"/>
63
46
<refentrytitle>&COMMANDNAME;</refentrytitle>
64
47
<manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
68
51
<refname><command>&COMMANDNAME;</command></refname>
70
Sends encrypted passwords to authenticated Mandos clients
53
Gives encrypted passwords to authenticated Mandos clients
76
59
<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command>
77
<arg choice='opt'>--interface<arg choice='plain'>IF</arg></arg>
78
<arg choice='opt'>--address<arg choice='plain'>ADDRESS</arg></arg>
79
<arg choice='opt'>--port<arg choice='plain'>PORT</arg></arg>
80
<arg choice='opt'>--priority<arg choice='plain'>PRIORITY</arg></arg>
81
<arg choice='opt'>--servicename<arg choice='plain'>NAME</arg></arg>
82
<arg choice='opt'>--configdir<arg choice='plain'>DIRECTORY</arg></arg>
83
<arg choice='opt'>--debug</arg>
86
<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command>
87
<arg choice='opt'>-i<arg choice='plain'>IF</arg></arg>
88
<arg choice='opt'>-a<arg choice='plain'>ADDRESS</arg></arg>
89
<arg choice='opt'>-p<arg choice='plain'>PORT</arg></arg>
90
<arg choice='opt'>--priority<arg choice='plain'>PRIORITY</arg></arg>
91
<arg choice='opt'>--servicename<arg choice='plain'>NAME</arg></arg>
92
<arg choice='opt'>--configdir<arg choice='plain'>DIRECTORY</arg></arg>
93
<arg choice='opt'>--debug</arg>
96
<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command>
97
<arg choice='plain'>--help</arg>
100
<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command>
101
<arg choice='plain'>--version</arg>
104
<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command>
105
<arg choice='plain'>--check</arg>
61
<arg choice="plain"><option>--interface
62
<replaceable>NAME</replaceable></option></arg>
63
<arg choice="plain"><option>-i
64
<replaceable>NAME</replaceable></option></arg>
68
<arg choice="plain"><option>--address
69
<replaceable>ADDRESS</replaceable></option></arg>
70
<arg choice="plain"><option>-a
71
<replaceable>ADDRESS</replaceable></option></arg>
75
<arg choice="plain"><option>--port
76
<replaceable>PORT</replaceable></option></arg>
77
<arg choice="plain"><option>-p
78
<replaceable>PORT</replaceable></option></arg>
81
<arg><option>--priority
82
<replaceable>PRIORITY</replaceable></option></arg>
84
<arg><option>--servicename
85
<replaceable>NAME</replaceable></option></arg>
87
<arg><option>--configdir
88
<replaceable>DIRECTORY</replaceable></option></arg>
90
<arg><option>--debug</option></arg>
92
<arg><option>--debuglevel
93
<replaceable>LEVEL</replaceable></option></arg>
95
<arg><option>--no-dbus</option></arg>
97
<arg><option>--no-ipv6</option></arg>
99
<arg><option>--no-restore</option></arg>
101
<arg><option>--statedir
102
<replaceable>DIRECTORY</replaceable></option></arg>
105
<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command>
107
<arg choice="plain"><option>--help</option></arg>
108
<arg choice="plain"><option>-h</option></arg>
112
<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command>
113
<arg choice="plain"><option>--version</option></arg>
116
<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command>
117
<arg choice="plain"><option>--check</option></arg>
107
119
</refsynopsisdiv>
109
121
<refsect1 id="description">
110
122
<title>DESCRIPTION</title>
112
124
<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command> is a server daemon which
113
125
handles incoming request for passwords for a pre-defined list of
114
client host computers. The Mandos server uses Zeroconf to
115
announce itself on the local network, and uses GnuTLS to
116
communicate securely with and to authenticate the clients.
117
Mandos uses IPv6 link-local addresses, since the clients are
118
assumed to not have any other addresses configured. Any
119
authenticated client is then given the pre-encrypted password
120
for that specific client.
126
client host computers. For an introduction, see
127
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>intro</refentrytitle>
128
<manvolnum>8mandos</manvolnum></citerefentry>. The Mandos server
129
uses Zeroconf to announce itself on the local network, and uses
130
TLS to communicate securely with and to authenticate the
131
clients. The Mandos server uses IPv6 to allow Mandos clients to
132
use IPv6 link-local addresses, since the clients will probably
133
not have any other addresses configured (see <xref
134
linkend="overview"/>). Any authenticated client is then given
135
the stored pre-encrypted password for that specific client.
125
139
<refsect1 id="purpose">
126
140
<title>PURPOSE</title>
129
142
The purpose of this is to enable <emphasis>remote and unattended
130
rebooting</emphasis> of any client host computer with an
131
<emphasis>encrypted root file system</emphasis>. The client
132
host computer should start a Mandos client in the initial RAM
133
disk environment, the Mandos client program communicates with
134
this server program to get an encrypted password, which is then
135
decrypted and used to unlock the encrypted root file system.
136
The client host computer can then continue its boot sequence
143
rebooting</emphasis> of client host computer with an
144
<emphasis>encrypted root file system</emphasis>. See <xref
145
linkend="overview"/> for details.
142
149
<refsect1 id="options">
143
150
<title>OPTIONS</title>
147
<term><literal>-h</literal>, <literal>--help</literal></term>
153
<term><option>--help</option></term>
154
<term><option>-h</option></term>
150
157
Show a help message and exit
156
<term><literal>-i</literal>, <literal>--interface <replaceable>
157
IF</replaceable></literal></term>
160
Only announce the server and listen to requests on network
161
interface <replaceable>IF</replaceable>. Default is to
162
use all available interfaces.
168
<term><literal>-a</literal>, <literal>--address <replaceable>
169
ADDRESS</replaceable></literal></term>
172
If this option is used, the server will only listen to a
173
specific address. This must currently be an IPv6 address;
174
an IPv4 address can be specified using the
175
<quote><literal>::FFFF:192.0.2.3</literal></quote> syntax.
176
Also, if a link-local address is specified, an interface
177
should be set, since a link-local address is only valid on
178
a single interface. By default, the server will listen to
179
all available addresses.
185
<term><literal>-p</literal>, <literal>--port <replaceable>
186
PORT</replaceable></literal></term>
189
If this option is used, the server to bind to that
190
port. By default, the server will listen to an arbitrary
191
port given by the operating system.
197
<term><literal>--check</literal></term>
200
Run the server's self-tests. This includes any unit
163
<term><option>--interface</option>
164
<replaceable>NAME</replaceable></term>
165
<term><option>-i</option>
166
<replaceable>NAME</replaceable></term>
168
<xi:include href="mandos-options.xml" xpointer="interface"/>
173
<term><option>--address
174
<replaceable>ADDRESS</replaceable></option></term>
176
<replaceable>ADDRESS</replaceable></option></term>
178
<xi:include href="mandos-options.xml" xpointer="address"/>
184
<replaceable>PORT</replaceable></option></term>
186
<replaceable>PORT</replaceable></option></term>
188
<xi:include href="mandos-options.xml" xpointer="port"/>
193
<term><option>--check</option></term>
196
Run the server’s self-tests. This includes any unit
207
<term><literal>--debug</literal></term>
210
If the server is run in debug mode, it will run in the
211
foreground and print a lot of debugging information. The
212
default is <emphasis>not</emphasis> to run in debug mode.
218
<term><literal>--priority <replaceable>
219
PRIORITY</replaceable></literal></term>
222
GnuTLS priority string for the TLS handshake with the
224
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>gnutls_priority_init
225
</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>
226
for the syntax. The default is
227
<quote><literal>SECURE256:!CTYPE-X.509:+CTYPE-OPENPGP</literal></quote>.
228
<emphasis>Warning</emphasis>: changing this may make the
229
TLS handshake fail, making communication with clients
236
<term><literal>--servicename <replaceable>NAME</replaceable>
240
Zeroconf service name. The default is
241
<quote><literal>Mandos</literal></quote>. You only need
242
to change this if you for some reason want to run more
243
than one server on the same <emphasis>host</emphasis>,
244
which would not normally be useful. If there are name
245
collisions on the same <emphasis>network</emphasis>, the
246
newer server will automatically rename itself to
247
<quote><literal>Mandos #2</literal></quote>, and so on,
248
therefore this option is not needed in that case.
254
<term><literal>--configdir <replaceable>DIR</replaceable>
203
<term><option>--debug</option></term>
205
<xi:include href="mandos-options.xml" xpointer="debug"/>
210
<term><option>--debuglevel
211
<replaceable>LEVEL</replaceable></option></term>
214
Set the debugging log level.
215
<replaceable>LEVEL</replaceable> is a string, one of
216
<quote><literal>CRITICAL</literal></quote>,
217
<quote><literal>ERROR</literal></quote>,
218
<quote><literal>WARNING</literal></quote>,
219
<quote><literal>INFO</literal></quote>, or
220
<quote><literal>DEBUG</literal></quote>, in order of
221
increasing verbosity. The default level is
222
<quote><literal>WARNING</literal></quote>.
228
<term><option>--priority <replaceable>
229
PRIORITY</replaceable></option></term>
231
<xi:include href="mandos-options.xml" xpointer="priority"/>
236
<term><option>--servicename
237
<replaceable>NAME</replaceable></option></term>
239
<xi:include href="mandos-options.xml"
240
xpointer="servicename"/>
245
<term><option>--configdir
246
<replaceable>DIRECTORY</replaceable></option></term>
258
249
Directory to search for configuration files. Default is
334
370
</tbody></tgroup></table>
337
373
<refsect1 id="checking">
338
374
<title>CHECKING</title>
340
376
The server will, by default, continually check that the clients
341
377
are still up. If a client has not been confirmed as being up
342
378
for some time, the client is assumed to be compromised and is no
343
longer eligible to receive the encrypted password. The timeout,
344
checker program and interval between checks can be configured
345
both globally and per client; see <citerefentry>
346
<refentrytitle>mandos.conf</refentrytitle>
347
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> and <citerefentry>
379
longer eligible to receive the encrypted password. (Manual
380
intervention is required to re-enable a client.) The timeout,
381
extended timeout, checker program, and interval between checks
382
can be configured both globally and per client; see
383
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>mandos-clients.conf</refentrytitle>
384
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>. A client successfully
385
receiving its password will also be treated as a successful
390
<refsect1 id="approval">
391
<title>APPROVAL</title>
393
The server can be configured to require manual approval for a
394
client before it is sent its secret. The delay to wait for such
395
approval and the default action (approve or deny) can be
396
configured both globally and per client; see <citerefentry>
348
397
<refentrytitle>mandos-clients.conf</refentrytitle>
349
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
398
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>. By default all clients
399
will be approved immediately without delay.
402
This can be used to deny a client its secret if not manually
403
approved within a specified time. It can also be used to make
404
the server delay before giving a client its secret, allowing
405
optional manual denying of this specific client.
353
410
<refsect1 id="logging">
354
411
<title>LOGGING</title>
356
The server will send log messaged with various severity levels
357
to <filename>/dev/log</filename>. With the
413
The server will send log message with various severity levels to
414
<filename class="devicefile">/dev/log</filename>. With the
358
415
<option>--debug</option> option, it will log even more messages,
359
416
and also show them on the console.
420
<refsect1 id="persistent_state">
421
<title>PERSISTENT STATE</title>
423
Client settings, initially read from
424
<filename>clients.conf</filename>, are persistent across
425
restarts, and run-time changes will override settings in
426
<filename>clients.conf</filename>. However, if a setting is
427
<emphasis>changed</emphasis> (or a client added, or removed) in
428
<filename>clients.conf</filename>, this will take precedence.
432
<refsect1 id="dbus_interface">
433
<title>D-BUS INTERFACE</title>
435
The server will by default provide a D-Bus system bus interface.
436
This interface will only be accessible by the root user or a
437
Mandos-specific user, if such a user exists. For documentation
438
of the D-Bus API, see the file <filename>DBUS-API</filename>.
363
442
<refsect1 id="exit_status">
364
443
<title>EXIT STATUS</title>
481
619
itself and looks up the fingerprint in its list of
482
620
clients. The <filename>clients.conf</filename> file (see
483
621
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>mandos-clients.conf</refentrytitle>
484
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>) must be non-readable
485
by anyone except the user running the server.
622
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>)
623
<emphasis>must</emphasis> be made non-readable by anyone
624
except the user starting the server (usually root).
627
As detailed in <xref linkend="checking"/>, the status of all
628
client computers will continually be checked and be assumed
629
compromised if they are gone for too long.
488
632
For more details on client-side security, see
489
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>password-request</refentrytitle>
633
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>mandos-client</refentrytitle>
490
634
<manvolnum>8mandos</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
495
639
<refsect1 id="see_also">
496
640
<title>SEE ALSO</title>
497
<itemizedlist spacing="compact">
499
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>password-request</refentrytitle>
500
<manvolnum>8mandos</manvolnum></citerefentry>
504
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>plugin-runner</refentrytitle>
505
<manvolnum>8mandos</manvolnum></citerefentry>
509
<ulink url="http://www.zeroconf.org/">Zeroconf</ulink>
513
<ulink url="http://www.avahi.org/">Avahi</ulink>
518
url="http://www.gnu.org/software/gnutls/">GnuTLS</ulink>
522
<citation>RFC 4880: <citetitle>OpenPGP Message
523
Format</citetitle></citation>
527
<citation>RFC 5081: <citetitle>Using OpenPGP Keys for
528
Transport Layer Security</citetitle></citation>
532
<citation>RFC 4291: <citetitle>IP Version 6 Addressing
533
Architecture</citetitle>, section 2.5.6, Link-Local IPv6
534
Unicast Addresses</citation>
642
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>intro</refentrytitle>
643
<manvolnum>8mandos</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
644
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>mandos-clients.conf</refentrytitle>
645
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
646
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>mandos.conf</refentrytitle>
647
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
648
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>mandos-client</refentrytitle>
649
<manvolnum>8mandos</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
650
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>sh</refentrytitle>
651
<manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>
656
<ulink url="http://www.zeroconf.org/">Zeroconf</ulink>
660
Zeroconf is the network protocol standard used by clients
661
for finding this Mandos server on the local network.
667
<ulink url="http://www.avahi.org/">Avahi</ulink>
671
Avahi is the library this server calls to implement
672
Zeroconf service announcements.
678
<ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/software/gnutls/"
683
GnuTLS is the library this server uses to implement TLS for
684
communicating securely with the client, and at the same time
685
confidently get the client’s public OpenPGP key.
691
RFC 4291: <citetitle>IP Version 6 Addressing
692
Architecture</citetitle>
697
<term>Section 2.2: <citetitle>Text Representation of
698
Addresses</citetitle></term>
699
<listitem><para/></listitem>
702
<term>Section 2.5.5.2: <citetitle>IPv4-Mapped IPv6
703
Address</citetitle></term>
704
<listitem><para/></listitem>
707
<term>Section 2.5.6, <citetitle>Link-Local IPv6 Unicast
708
Addresses</citetitle></term>
711
The clients use IPv6 link-local addresses, which are
712
immediately usable since a link-local addresses is
713
automatically assigned to a network interfaces when it
723
RFC 4346: <citetitle>The Transport Layer Security (TLS)
724
Protocol Version 1.1</citetitle>
728
TLS 1.1 is the protocol implemented by GnuTLS.
734
RFC 4880: <citetitle>OpenPGP Message Format</citetitle>
738
The data sent to clients is binary encrypted OpenPGP data.
744
RFC 5081: <citetitle>Using OpenPGP Keys for Transport Layer
749
This is implemented by GnuTLS and used by this server so
750
that OpenPGP keys can be used.
757
<!-- Local Variables: -->
758
<!-- time-stamp-start: "<!ENTITY TIMESTAMP [\"']" -->
759
<!-- time-stamp-end: "[\"']>" -->
760
<!-- time-stamp-format: "%:y-%02m-%02d" -->