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- Committer: Teddy Hogeborn
- Date: 2019-08-02 22:16:53 UTC
- Revision ID: teddy@recompile.se-20190802221653-ic1iko9hbefzwsk7
Fix bug in server Debian package: Fails to start on first install
There has been a very long-standing bug where installation of the
server (the "mandos" Debian package) would fail to start the server
properly right after installation. It would work on manual (re)start
after installation, or after reboot, and even after package purge and
reinstall, it would then work the first time. The problem, it turns
out, is when the new "_mandos" user (and corresponding group) is
created, the D-Bus server is not reloaded, and is therefore not aware
of that user, and does not recognize the user and group name in the
/etc/dbus-1/system.d/mandos.conf file. The Mandos server, when it
tries to start and access the D-Bus, is then not permitted to connect
to its D-Bus bus name, and disables D-Bus use as a fallback measure;
i.e. the server works, but it is not controllable via D-Bus commands
(via mandos-ctl or mandos-monitor). The next time the D-Bus daemon is
reloaded for any reason, the new user & group would become visible to
the D-Bus daemon and after that, any restart of the Mandos server
would succeed and it would bind to its D-Bus name properly, and
thereby be visible and controllable by mandos-ctl & mandos-monitor.
This was mostly invisible when using sysvinit, but systemd makes the
problem visible since the systemd service file for the Mandos server
is configured to not consider the Mandos server "started" until the
D-Bus name has been bound; this makes the starting of the service wait
for 90 seconds and then fail with a timeout error.
Fixing this should also make the Debian CI autopkgtest tests work.
* debian/mandos.postinst (configure): After creating (or renaming)
user & group, reload D-Bus
daemon (if present).
There has been a very long-standing bug where installation of the
server (the "mandos" Debian package) would fail to start the server
properly right after installation. It would work on manual (re)start
after installation, or after reboot, and even after package purge and
reinstall, it would then work the first time. The problem, it turns
out, is when the new "_mandos" user (and corresponding group) is
created, the D-Bus server is not reloaded, and is therefore not aware
of that user, and does not recognize the user and group name in the
/etc/dbus-1/system.d/mandos.conf file. The Mandos server, when it
tries to start and access the D-Bus, is then not permitted to connect
to its D-Bus bus name, and disables D-Bus use as a fallback measure;
i.e. the server works, but it is not controllable via D-Bus commands
(via mandos-ctl or mandos-monitor). The next time the D-Bus daemon is
reloaded for any reason, the new user & group would become visible to
the D-Bus daemon and after that, any restart of the Mandos server
would succeed and it would bind to its D-Bus name properly, and
thereby be visible and controllable by mandos-ctl & mandos-monitor.
This was mostly invisible when using sysvinit, but systemd makes the
problem visible since the systemd service file for the Mandos server
is configured to not consider the Mandos server "started" until the
D-Bus name has been bound; this makes the starting of the service wait
for 90 seconds and then fail with a timeout error.
Fixing this should also make the Debian CI autopkgtest tests work.
* debian/mandos.postinst (configure): After creating (or renaming)
user & group, reload D-Bus
daemon (if present).
- files added:
- DBUS-API
- debian/po
- debian/source
- debian/tests
- debian/upstream
- dracut-module
- network-hooks.d
- plugin-helpers
- files removed:
- etc-plugins.d-README
- files modified:
- .bzrignore
added
removed
plugins.d/mandos-client.xml
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
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"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
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<!ENTITY VERSION "1.0">
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<!ENTITY COMMANDNAME "mandos-client">
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<!ENTITY TIMESTAMP "2008-09-12">
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<!ENTITY TIMESTAMP "2019-07-24">
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<!ENTITY % common SYSTEM "../common.ent">
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%common;
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]>
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<refentry xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<refentryinfo>
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<title>Mandos Manual</title>
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<!-- Nwalsh’s docbook scripts use this to generate the footer: -->
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<!-- NWalsh’s docbook scripts use this to generate the footer: -->
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<productname>Mandos</productname>
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<productnumber>&VERSION;</productnumber>
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<productnumber>&version;</productnumber>
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<date>&TIMESTAMP;</date>
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<authorgroup>
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<author>
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<firstname>Björn</firstname>
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<surname>Påhlsson</surname>
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<address>
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<email>belorn@fukt.bsnet.se</email>
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<email>belorn@recompile.se</email>
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</address>
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</author>
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<author>
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<firstname>Teddy</firstname>
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<surname>Hogeborn</surname>
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<address>
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<email>teddy@fukt.bsnet.se</email>
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<email>teddy@recompile.se</email>
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</address>
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</author>
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</authorgroup>
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<copyright>
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<year>2008</year>
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<year>2009</year>
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<year>2010</year>
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<year>2011</year>
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<year>2012</year>
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<year>2013</year>
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<year>2014</year>
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<year>2015</year>
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<year>2016</year>
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<year>2017</year>
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<year>2018</year>
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<year>2019</year>
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<holder>Teddy Hogeborn</holder>
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<holder>Björn Påhlsson</holder>
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</copyright>
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><replaceable>PORT</replaceable></option></arg>
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</group>
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<sbr/>
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<group>
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<group rep='repeat'>
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<arg choice="plain"><option>--interface
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<replaceable>NAME</replaceable></option></arg>
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<arg choice="plain"><option>-i
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<replaceable>NAME</replaceable></option></arg>
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<replaceable>NAME</replaceable><arg rep='repeat'
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>,<replaceable>NAME</replaceable></arg></option></arg>
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<arg choice="plain"><option>-i <replaceable>NAME</replaceable
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><arg rep='repeat'>,<replaceable>NAME</replaceable></arg
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></option></arg>
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</group>
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<sbr/>
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<group>
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<replaceable>FILE</replaceable></option></arg>
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</group>
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<sbr/>
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<group>
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<arg choice="plain"><option>--tls-privkey
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<replaceable>FILE</replaceable></option></arg>
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<arg choice="plain"><option>-t
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<replaceable>FILE</replaceable></option></arg>
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</group>
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<sbr/>
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<group>
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<arg choice="plain"><option>--tls-pubkey
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<replaceable>FILE</replaceable></option></arg>
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<arg choice="plain"><option>-T
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<replaceable>FILE</replaceable></option></arg>
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</group>
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<sbr/>
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<arg>
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<option>--priority <replaceable>STRING</replaceable></option>
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</arg>
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</arg>
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<sbr/>
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<arg>
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<option>--dh-params <replaceable>FILE</replaceable></option>
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</arg>
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<sbr/>
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<arg>
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<option>--delay <replaceable>SECONDS</replaceable></option>
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</arg>
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<sbr/>
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<arg>
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<option>--retry <replaceable>SECONDS</replaceable></option>
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</arg>
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<sbr/>
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<arg>
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<option>--network-hook-dir
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<replaceable>DIR</replaceable></option>
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</arg>
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<sbr/>
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<arg>
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<option>--debug</option>
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</arg>
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</cmdsynopsis>
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<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command> is a client program that
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communicates with <citerefentry><refentrytitle
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>mandos</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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to get a password. It uses IPv6 link-local addresses to get
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network connectivity, Zeroconf to find servers, and TLS with an
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OpenPGP key to ensure authenticity and confidentiality. It
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keeps running, trying all servers on the network, until it
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receives a satisfactory reply or a TERM signal is received.
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to get a password. In slightly more detail, this client program
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brings up network interfaces, uses the interfaces’ IPv6
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link-local addresses to get network connectivity, uses Zeroconf
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to find servers on the local network, and communicates with
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servers using TLS with a raw public key to ensure authenticity
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and confidentiality. This client program keeps running, trying
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all servers on the network, until it receives a satisfactory
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reply or a TERM signal. After all servers have been tried, all
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servers are periodically retried. If no servers are found it
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will wait indefinitely for new servers to appear.
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</para>
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<para>
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The network interfaces are selected like this: If any interfaces
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are specified using the <option>--interface</option> option,
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those interface are used. Otherwise,
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<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command> will use all interfaces that
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are not loopback interfaces, are not point-to-point interfaces,
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are capable of broadcasting and do not have the NOARP flag (see
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>netdevice</refentrytitle>
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<manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>). (If the
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<option>--connect</option> option is used, point-to-point
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interfaces and non-broadcast interfaces are accepted.) If any
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used interfaces are not up and running, they are first taken up
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(and later taken down again on program exit).
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</para>
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<para>
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Before network interfaces are selected, all <quote>network
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hooks</quote> are run; see <xref linkend="network-hooks"/>.
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</para>
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<para>
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This program is not meant to be run directly; it is really meant
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assumed to separate the address from the port number.
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</para>
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<para>
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This option is normally only useful for testing and
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debugging.
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Normally, Zeroconf would be used to locate Mandos servers,
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in which case this option would only be used when testing
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and debugging.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--interface=
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<replaceable>NAME</replaceable></option></term>
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<term><option>--interface=<replaceable
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>NAME</replaceable><arg rep='repeat'>,<replaceable
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>NAME</replaceable></arg></option></term>
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<term><option>-i
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<replaceable>NAME</replaceable></option></term>
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<replaceable>NAME</replaceable><arg rep='repeat'>,<replaceable
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>NAME</replaceable></arg></option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Network interface that will be brought up and scanned for
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Mandos servers to connect to. The default it
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<quote><literal>eth0</literal></quote>.
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</para>
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<para>
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If the <option>--connect</option> option is used, this
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specifies the interface to use to connect to the address
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given.
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Comma separated list of network interfaces that will be
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brought up and scanned for Mandos servers to connect to.
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The default is the empty string, which will automatically
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use all appropriate interfaces.
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</para>
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<para>
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If the <option>--connect</option> option is used, and
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exactly one interface name is specified (except
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<quote><literal>none</literal></quote>), this specifies
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the interface to use to connect to the address given.
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</para>
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<para>
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Note that since this program will normally run in the
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initial RAM disk environment, the interface must be an
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interface which exists at that stage. Thus, the interface
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can normally not be a pseudo-interface such as
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<quote>br0</quote> or <quote>tun0</quote>; such interfaces
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will not exist until much later in the boot process, and
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can not be used by this program, unless created by a
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<quote>network hook</quote> — see <xref
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linkend="network-hooks"/>.
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</para>
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<para>
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<replaceable>NAME</replaceable> can be the string
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<quote><literal>none</literal></quote>; this will make
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<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command> only bring up interfaces
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specified <emphasis>before</emphasis> this string. This
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is not recommended, and only meant for advanced users.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--tls-pubkey=<replaceable
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>FILE</replaceable></option></term>
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<term><option>-T
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<replaceable>FILE</replaceable></option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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TLS raw public key file name. The default name is
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<quote><filename>/conf/conf.d/mandos/tls-pubkey.pem</filename
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></quote>.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--tls-privkey=<replaceable
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>FILE</replaceable></option></term>
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<term><option>-t
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<replaceable>FILE</replaceable></option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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TLS secret key file name. The default name is
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<quote><filename>/conf/conf.d/mandos/tls-privkey.pem</filename
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></quote>.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--priority=<replaceable
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>STRING</replaceable></option></term>
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<listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Sets the number of bits to use for the prime number in the
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TLS Diffie-Hellman key exchange. Default is 1024.
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TLS Diffie-Hellman key exchange. The default value is
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selected automatically based on the GnuTLS security
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profile set in its priority string. Note that if the
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<option>--dh-params</option> option is used, the values
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from that file will be used instead.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--dh-params=<replaceable
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>FILE</replaceable></option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Specifies a PEM-encoded PKCS#3 file to read the parameters
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needed by the TLS Diffie-Hellman key exchange from. If
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this option is not given, or if the file for some reason
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could not be used, the parameters will be generated on
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startup, which will take some time and processing power.
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Those using servers running under time, power or processor
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constraints may want to generate such a file in advance
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and use this option.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--delay=<replaceable
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>SECONDS</replaceable></option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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After bringing a network interface up, the program waits
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for the interface to arrive in a <quote>running</quote>
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state before proceeding. During this time, the kernel log
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level will be lowered to reduce clutter on the system
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console, alleviating any other plugins which might be
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using the system console. This option sets the upper
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limit of seconds to wait. The default is 2.5 seconds.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--retry=<replaceable
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>SECONDS</replaceable></option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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All Mandos servers are tried repeatedly until a password
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is received. This value specifies, in seconds, how long
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between each successive try <emphasis>for the same
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server</emphasis>. The default is 10 seconds.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--network-hook-dir=<replaceable
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>DIR</replaceable></option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Network hook directory. The default directory is
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<quote><filename class="directory"
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>/lib/mandos/network-hooks.d</filename></quote>.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<refentrytitle>plugin-runner</refentrytitle>
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<manvolnum>8mandos</manvolnum></citerefentry>) is used to run
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both this program and others in in parallel,
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<emphasis>one</emphasis> of which will prompt for passwords on
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the system console.
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<emphasis>one</emphasis> of which (<citerefentry>
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<refentrytitle>password-prompt</refentrytitle>
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<manvolnum>8mandos</manvolnum></citerefentry>) will prompt for
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passwords on the system console.
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</para>
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</refsect1>
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server could be found and the password received from it could be
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successfully decrypted and output on standard output. The
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program will exit with a non-zero exit status only if a critical
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error occurs. Otherwise, it will forever connect to new
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<application>Mandos</application> servers as they appear, trying
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to get a decryptable password and print it.
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error occurs. Otherwise, it will forever connect to any
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discovered <application>Mandos</application> servers, trying to
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get a decryptable password and print it.
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</para>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1 id="environment">
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<title>ENVIRONMENT</title>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><envar>MANDOSPLUGINHELPERDIR</envar></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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This environment variable will be assumed to contain the
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directory containing any helper executables. The use and
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nature of these helper executables, if any, is purposely
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not documented.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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<para>
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This program does not use any environment variables, not even
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the ones provided by <citerefentry><refentrytitle
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This program does not use any other environment variables, not
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even the ones provided by <citerefentry><refentrytitle
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>cryptsetup</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
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</citerefentry>.
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</para>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1 id="file">
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<refsect1 id="network-hooks">
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<title>NETWORK HOOKS</title>
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<para>
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If a network interface like a bridge or tunnel is required to
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find a Mandos server, this requires the interface to be up and
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running before <command>&COMMANDNAME;</command> starts looking
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for Mandos servers. This can be accomplished by creating a
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<quote>network hook</quote> program, and placing it in a special
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directory.
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</para>
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<para>
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Before the network is used (and again before program exit), any
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runnable programs found in the network hook directory are run
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with the argument <quote><literal>start</literal></quote> or
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<quote><literal>stop</literal></quote>. This should bring up or
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down, respectively, any network interface which
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<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command> should use.
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</para>
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<refsect2 id="hook-requirements">
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<title>REQUIREMENTS</title>
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<para>
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A network hook must be an executable file, and its name must
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consist entirely of upper and lower case letters, digits,
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underscores, periods, and hyphens.
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</para>
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<para>
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A network hook will receive one argument, which can be one of
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the following:
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</para>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><literal>start</literal></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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This should make the network hook create (if necessary)
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and bring up a network interface.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><literal>stop</literal></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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This should make the network hook take down a network
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interface, and delete it if it did not exist previously.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><literal>files</literal></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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This should make the network hook print, <emphasis>one
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file per line</emphasis>, all the files needed for it to
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run. (These files will be copied into the initial RAM
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filesystem.) Typical use is for a network hook which is
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a shell script to print its needed binaries.
599
</para>
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<para>
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It is not necessary to print any non-executable files
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already in the network hook directory, these will be
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copied implicitly if they otherwise satisfy the name
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requirements.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><literal>modules</literal></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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This should make the network hook print, <emphasis>on
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separate lines</emphasis>, all the kernel modules needed
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for it to run. (These modules will be copied into the
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initial RAM filesystem.) For instance, a tunnel
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interface needs the
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<quote><literal>tun</literal></quote> module.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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<para>
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The network hook will be provided with a number of environment
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variables:
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</para>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><envar>MANDOSNETHOOKDIR</envar></term>
629
<listitem>
630
<para>
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The network hook directory, specified to
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<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command> by the
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<option>--network-hook-dir</option> option. Note: this
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should <emphasis>always</emphasis> be used by the
635
network hook to refer to itself or any files in the hook
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directory it may require.
637
</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><envar>DEVICE</envar></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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The network interfaces, as specified to
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<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command> by the
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<option>--interface</option> option, combined to one
647
string and separated by commas. If this is set, and
648
does not contain the interface a hook will bring up,
649
there is no reason for a hook to continue.
650
</para>
651
</listitem>
652
</varlistentry>
653
<varlistentry>
654
<term><envar>MODE</envar></term>
655
<listitem>
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<para>
657
This will be the same as the first argument;
658
i.e. <quote><literal>start</literal></quote>,
659
<quote><literal>stop</literal></quote>,
660
<quote><literal>files</literal></quote>, or
661
<quote><literal>modules</literal></quote>.
662
</para>
663
</listitem>
664
</varlistentry>
665
<varlistentry>
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<term><envar>VERBOSITY</envar></term>
667
<listitem>
668
<para>
669
This will be the <quote><literal>1</literal></quote> if
670
the <option>--debug</option> option is passed to
671
<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command>, otherwise
672
<quote><literal>0</literal></quote>.
673
</para>
674
</listitem>
675
</varlistentry>
676
<varlistentry>
677
<term><envar>DELAY</envar></term>
678
<listitem>
679
<para>
680
This will be the same as the <option>--delay</option>
681
option passed to <command>&COMMANDNAME;</command>. Is
682
only set if <envar>MODE</envar> is
683
<quote><literal>start</literal></quote> or
684
<quote><literal>stop</literal></quote>.
685
</para>
686
</listitem>
687
</varlistentry>
688
<varlistentry>
689
<term><envar>CONNECT</envar></term>
690
<listitem>
691
<para>
692
This will be the same as the <option>--connect</option>
693
option passed to <command>&COMMANDNAME;</command>. Is
694
only set if <option>--connect</option> is passed and
695
<envar>MODE</envar> is
696
<quote><literal>start</literal></quote> or
697
<quote><literal>stop</literal></quote>.
698
</para>
699
</listitem>
700
</varlistentry>
701
</variablelist>
702
<para>
703
A hook may not read from standard input, and should be
704
restrictive in printing to standard output or standard error
705
unless <varname>VERBOSITY</varname> is
706
<quote><literal>1</literal></quote>.
707
</para>
708
</refsect2>
709
</refsect1>
710
711
<refsect1 id="files">
347
712
<title>FILES</title>
348
713
<variablelist>
349
714
<varlistentry>
360
725
</para>
361
726
</listitem>
362
727
</varlistentry>
728
<varlistentry>
729
<term><filename>/conf/conf.d/mandos/tls-pubkey.pem</filename
730
></term>
731
<term><filename>/conf/conf.d/mandos/tls-privkey.pem</filename
732
></term>
733
<listitem>
734
<para>
735
Public and private raw key files, in <quote>PEM</quote>
736
format. These are the default file names, they can be
737
changed with the <option>--tls-pubkey</option> and
738
<option>--tls-privkey</option> options.
739
</para>
740
</listitem>
741
</varlistentry>
742
<varlistentry>
743
<term><filename
744
class="directory">/lib/mandos/network-hooks.d</filename></term>
745
<listitem>
746
<para>
747
Directory where network hooks are located. Change this
748
with the <option>--network-hook-dir</option> option. See
749
<xref linkend="network-hooks"/>.
750
</para>
751
</listitem>
752
</varlistentry>
363
753
</variablelist>
364
754
</refsect1>
365
755
366
<!-- <refsect1 id="bugs"> -->
367
<!-- <title>BUGS</title> -->
368
<!-- <para> -->
369
<!-- </para> -->
370
<!-- </refsect1> -->
756
<refsect1 id="bugs">
757
<title>BUGS</title>
758
<xi:include href="../bugs.xml"/>
759
</refsect1>
371
760
372
761
<refsect1 id="example">
373
762
<title>EXAMPLE</title>
379
768
</para>
380
769
<informalexample>
381
770
<para>
382
Normal invocation needs no options, if the network interface
383
is <quote>eth0</quote>:
771
Normal invocation needs no options, if the network interfaces
772
can be automatically determined:
384
773
</para>
385
774
<para>
386
775
<userinput>&COMMANDNAME;</userinput>
388
777
</informalexample>
389
778
<informalexample>
390
779
<para>
391
Search for Mandos servers (and connect to them) using another
392
interface:
780
Search for Mandos servers (and connect to them) using one
781
specific interface:
393
782
</para>
394
783
<para>
395
784
<!-- do not wrap this line -->
398
787
</informalexample>
399
788
<informalexample>
400
789
<para>
401
Run in debug mode, and use a custom key:
790
Run in debug mode, and use custom keys:
402
791
</para>
403
792
<para>
404
793
405
794
<!-- do not wrap this line -->
406
<userinput>&COMMANDNAME; --debug --pubkey keydir/pubkey.txt --seckey keydir/seckey.txt</userinput>
795
<userinput>&COMMANDNAME; --debug --pubkey keydir/pubkey.txt --seckey keydir/seckey.txt --tls-pubkey keydir/tls-pubkey.pem --tls-privkey keydir/tls-privkey.pem</userinput>
407
796
408
797
</para>
409
798
</informalexample>
410
799
<informalexample>
411
800
<para>
412
Run in debug mode, with a custom key, and do not use Zeroconf
413
to locate a server; connect directly to the IPv6 address
414
<quote><systemitem class="ipaddress"
415
>2001:db8:f983:bd0b:30de:ae4a:71f2:f672</systemitem></quote>,
416
port 4711, using interface eth2:
801
Run in debug mode, with custom keys, and do not use Zeroconf
802
to locate a server; connect directly to the IPv6 link-local
803
address <quote><systemitem class="ipaddress"
804
>fe80::aede:48ff:fe71:f6f2</systemitem></quote>, port 4711,
805
using interface eth2:
417
806
</para>
418
807
<para>
419
808
420
809
<!-- do not wrap this line -->
421
<userinput>&COMMANDNAME; --debug --pubkey keydir/pubkey.txt --seckey keydir/seckey.txt --connect 2001:db8:f983:bd0b:30de:ae4a:71f2:f672:4711 --interface eth2</userinput>
810
<userinput>&COMMANDNAME; --debug --pubkey keydir/pubkey.txt --seckey keydir/seckey.txt --tls-pubkey keydir/tls-pubkey.pem --tls-privkey keydir/tls-privkey.pem --connect fe80::aede:48ff:fe71:f6f2:4711 --interface eth2</userinput>
422
811
423
812
</para>
424
813
</informalexample>
427
816
<refsect1 id="security">
428
817
<title>SECURITY</title>
429
818
<para>
430
This program is set-uid to root, but will switch back to the
431
original (and presumably non-privileged) user and group after
432
bringing up the network interface.
819
This program assumes that it is set-uid to root, and will switch
820
back to the original (and presumably non-privileged) user and
821
group after bringing up the network interface.
433
822
</para>
434
823
<para>
435
824
To use this program for its intended purpose (see <xref
448
837
<para>
449
838
The only remaining weak point is that someone with physical
450
839
access to the client hard drive might turn off the client
451
computer, read the OpenPGP keys directly from the hard drive,
452
and communicate with the server. The defense against this is
453
that the server is supposed to notice the client disappearing
454
and will stop giving out the encrypted data. Therefore, it is
840
computer, read the OpenPGP and TLS keys directly from the hard
841
drive, and communicate with the server. To safeguard against
842
this, the server is supposed to notice the client disappearing
843
and stop giving out the encrypted data. Therefore, it is
455
844
important to set the timeout and checker interval values tightly
456
845
on the server. See <citerefentry><refentrytitle
457
846
>mandos</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
459
848
<para>
460
849
It will also help if the checker program on the server is
461
850
configured to request something from the client which can not be
462
spoofed by someone else on the network, unlike unencrypted
463
<acronym>ICMP</acronym> echo (<quote>ping</quote>) replies.
851
spoofed by someone else on the network, like SSH server key
852
fingerprints, and unlike unencrypted <acronym>ICMP</acronym>
853
echo (<quote>ping</quote>) replies.
464
854
</para>
465
855
<para>
466
856
<emphasis>Note</emphasis>: This makes it completely insecure to
474
864
<refsect1 id="see_also">
475
865
<title>SEE ALSO</title>
476
866
<para>
867
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>intro</refentrytitle>
868
<manvolnum>8mandos</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
477
869
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>cryptsetup</refentrytitle>
478
870
<manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
479
871
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypttab</refentrytitle>
499
891
</varlistentry>
500
892
<varlistentry>
501
893
<term>
502
<ulink url="http://www.avahi.org/">Avahi</ulink>
894
<ulink url="https://www.avahi.org/">Avahi</ulink>
503
895
</term>
504
896
<listitem>
505
897
<para>
510
902
</varlistentry>
511
903
<varlistentry>
512
904
<term>
513
<ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/software/gnutls/"
514
>GnuTLS</ulink>
905
<ulink url="https://www.gnutls.org/">GnuTLS</ulink>
515
906
</term>
516
907
<listitem>
517
908
<para>
518
909
GnuTLS is the library this client uses to implement TLS for
519
910
communicating securely with the server, and at the same time
520
send the public OpenPGP key to the server.
911
send the public key to the server.
521
912
</para>
522
913
</listitem>
523
914
</varlistentry>
524
915
<varlistentry>
525
916
<term>
526
<ulink url="http://www.gnupg.org/related_software/gpgme/"
917
<ulink url="https://www.gnupg.org/related_software/gpgme/"
527
918
>GPGME</ulink>
528
919
</term>
529
920
<listitem>
557
948
<para>
558
949
This client uses IPv6 link-local addresses, which are
559
950
immediately usable since a link-local addresses is
560
automatically assigned to a network interfaces when it
951
automatically assigned to a network interface when it
561
952
is brought up.
562
953
</para>
563
954
</listitem>
567
958
</varlistentry>
568
959
<varlistentry>
569
960
<term>
570
RFC 4346: <citetitle>The Transport Layer Security (TLS)
571
Protocol Version 1.1</citetitle>
961
RFC 5246: <citetitle>The Transport Layer Security (TLS)
962
Protocol Version 1.2</citetitle>
572
963
</term>
573
964
<listitem>
574
965
<para>
575
TLS 1.1 is the protocol implemented by GnuTLS.
966
TLS 1.2 is the protocol implemented by GnuTLS.
576
967
</para>
577
968
</listitem>
578
969
</varlistentry>
589
980
</varlistentry>
590
981
<varlistentry>
591
982
<term>
592
RFC 5081: <citetitle>Using OpenPGP Keys for Transport Layer
983
RFC 7250: <citetitle>Using Raw Public Keys in Transport
984
Layer Security (TLS) and Datagram Transport Layer Security
985
(DTLS)</citetitle>
986
</term>
987
<listitem>
988
<para>
989
This is implemented by GnuTLS in version 3.6.6 and is, if
990
present, used by this program so that raw public keys can be
991
used.
992
</para>
993
</listitem>
994
</varlistentry>
995
<varlistentry>
996
<term>
997
RFC 6091: <citetitle>Using OpenPGP Keys for Transport Layer
593
998
Security</citetitle>
594
999
</term>
595
1000
<listitem>
596
1001
<para>
597
This is implemented by GnuTLS and used by this program so
598
that OpenPGP keys can be used.
1002
This is implemented by GnuTLS before version 3.6.0 and is,
1003
if present, used by this program so that OpenPGP keys can be
1004
used.
599
1005
</para>
600
1006
</listitem>
601
1007
</varlistentry>
Loggerhead is a web-based interface for Breezy
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