/mandos/trunk

#!/usr/bin/python

# -*- mode: python; coding: utf-8 -*-

# 

# Mandos server - give out binary blobs to connecting clients.

# 

# This program is partly derived from an example program for an Avahi

# service publisher, downloaded from

# <http://avahi.org/wiki/PythonPublishExample>.  This includes the

# methods "add", "remove", "server_state_changed",

# "entry_group_state_changed", "cleanup", and "activate" in the

# "AvahiService" class, and some lines in "main".

# 

# Everything else is

# Copyright © 2008,2009 Teddy Hogeborn

# Copyright © 2008,2009 Björn Påhlsson

# 

# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify

# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by

# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or

# (at your option) any later version.

#

#     This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,

#     but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of

#     MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the

#     GNU General Public License for more details.

# 

# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License

# along with this program.  If not, see

# <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

# 

# Contact the authors at <mandos@fukt.bsnet.se>.

# 

from __future__ import division, with_statement, absolute_import

import SocketServer as socketserver

import socket

import optparse

import datetime

import errno

import gnutls.crypto

import gnutls.connection

import gnutls.errors

import gnutls.library.functions

import gnutls.library.constants

import gnutls.library.types

import ConfigParser as configparser

import sys

import re

import os

import signal

import subprocess

import atexit

import stat

import logging

import logging.handlers

import pwd

from contextlib import closing

import struct

import fcntl

import functools

import dbus

import dbus.service

import gobject

import avahi

from dbus.mainloop.glib import DBusGMainLoop

import ctypes

import ctypes.util

try:

    SO_BINDTODEVICE = socket.SO_BINDTODEVICE

except AttributeError:

    try:

        from IN import SO_BINDTODEVICE

    except ImportError:

        SO_BINDTODEVICE = None

version = "1.0.12"

logger = logging.Logger(u'mandos')

syslogger = (logging.handlers.SysLogHandler

             (facility = logging.handlers.SysLogHandler.LOG_DAEMON,

              address = "/dev/log"))

syslogger.setFormatter(logging.Formatter

                       (u'Mandos [%(process)d]: %(levelname)s:'

                        u' %(message)s'))

logger.addHandler(syslogger)

console = logging.StreamHandler()

console.setFormatter(logging.Formatter(u'%(name)s [%(process)d]:'

                                       u' %(levelname)s:'

                                       u' %(message)s'))

logger.addHandler(console)

class AvahiError(Exception):

    def __init__(self, value, *args, **kwargs):

        self.value = value

        super(AvahiError, self).__init__(value, *args, **kwargs)

    def __unicode__(self):

        return unicode(repr(self.value))

class AvahiServiceError(AvahiError):

    pass

class AvahiGroupError(AvahiError):

    pass

class AvahiService(object):

    """An Avahi (Zeroconf) service.

    Attributes:

    interface: integer; avahi.IF_UNSPEC or an interface index.

               Used to optionally bind to the specified interface.

    name: string; Example: u'Mandos'

    type: string; Example: u'_mandos._tcp'.

                  See <http://www.dns-sd.org/ServiceTypes.html>

    port: integer; what port to announce

    TXT: list of strings; TXT record for the service

    domain: string; Domain to publish on, default to .local if empty.

    host: string; Host to publish records for, default is localhost

    max_renames: integer; maximum number of renames

    rename_count: integer; counter so we only rename after collisions

                  a sensible number of times

    group: D-Bus Entry Group

    server: D-Bus Server

    bus: dbus.SystemBus()

    """

    def __init__(self, interface = avahi.IF_UNSPEC, name = None,

                 servicetype = None, port = None, TXT = None,

                 domain = u"", host = u"", max_renames = 32768,

                 protocol = avahi.PROTO_UNSPEC, bus = None):

        self.interface = interface

        self.name = name

        self.type = servicetype

        self.port = port

        self.TXT = TXT if TXT is not None else []

        self.domain = domain

        self.host = host

        self.rename_count = 0

        self.max_renames = max_renames

        self.protocol = protocol

        self.group = None       # our entry group

        self.server = None

        self.bus = bus

    def rename(self):

        """Derived from the Avahi example code"""

        if self.rename_count >= self.max_renames:

            logger.critical(u"No suitable Zeroconf service name found"

                            u" after %i retries, exiting.",

                            self.rename_count)

            raise AvahiServiceError(u"Too many renames")

        self.name = self.server.GetAlternativeServiceName(self.name)

        logger.info(u"Changing Zeroconf service name to %r ...",

                    unicode(self.name))

        syslogger.setFormatter(logging.Formatter

                               (u'Mandos (%s) [%%(process)d]:'

                                u' %%(levelname)s: %%(message)s'

                                % self.name))

        self.remove()

        self.add()

        self.rename_count += 1

    def remove(self):

        """Derived from the Avahi example code"""

        if self.group is not None:

            self.group.Reset()

    def add(self):

        """Derived from the Avahi example code"""

        if self.group is None:

            self.group = dbus.Interface(

                self.bus.get_object(avahi.DBUS_NAME,

                                    self.server.EntryGroupNew()),

                avahi.DBUS_INTERFACE_ENTRY_GROUP)

            self.group.connect_to_signal('StateChanged',

                                         self

                                         .entry_group_state_changed)

        logger.debug(u"Adding Zeroconf service '%s' of type '%s' ...",

                     self.name, self.type)

        self.group.AddService(

            self.interface,

            self.protocol,

            dbus.UInt32(0),     # flags

            self.name, self.type,

            self.domain, self.host,

            dbus.UInt16(self.port),

            avahi.string_array_to_txt_array(self.TXT))

        self.group.Commit()

    def entry_group_state_changed(self, state, error):

        """Derived from the Avahi example code"""

        logger.debug(u"Avahi state change: %i", state)

        if state == avahi.ENTRY_GROUP_ESTABLISHED:

            logger.debug(u"Zeroconf service established.")

        elif state == avahi.ENTRY_GROUP_COLLISION:

            logger.warning(u"Zeroconf service name collision.")

            self.rename()

        elif state == avahi.ENTRY_GROUP_FAILURE:

            logger.critical(u"Avahi: Error in group state changed %s",

                            unicode(error))

            raise AvahiGroupError(u"State changed: %s"

                                  % unicode(error))

    def cleanup(self):

        """Derived from the Avahi example code"""

        if self.group is not None:

            self.group.Free()

            self.group = None

    def server_state_changed(self, state):

        """Derived from the Avahi example code"""

        if state == avahi.SERVER_COLLISION:

            logger.error(u"Zeroconf server name collision")

            self.remove()

        elif state == avahi.SERVER_RUNNING:

            self.add()

    def activate(self):

        """Derived from the Avahi example code"""

        if self.server is None:

            self.server = dbus.Interface(

                self.bus.get_object(avahi.DBUS_NAME,

                                    avahi.DBUS_PATH_SERVER),

                avahi.DBUS_INTERFACE_SERVER)

        self.server.connect_to_signal(u"StateChanged",

                                 self.server_state_changed)

        self.server_state_changed(self.server.GetState())

class Client(object):

    """A representation of a client host served by this server.

    Attributes:

    name:       string; from the config file, used in log messages and

                        D-Bus identifiers

    fingerprint: string (40 or 32 hexadecimal digits); used to

                 uniquely identify the client

    secret:     bytestring; sent verbatim (over TLS) to client

    host:       string; available for use by the checker command

    created:    datetime.datetime(); (UTC) object creation

    last_enabled: datetime.datetime(); (UTC)

    enabled:    bool()

    last_checked_ok: datetime.datetime(); (UTC) or None

    timeout:    datetime.timedelta(); How long from last_checked_ok

                                      until this client is invalid

    interval:   datetime.timedelta(); How often to start a new checker

    disable_hook:  If set, called by disable() as disable_hook(self)

    checker:    subprocess.Popen(); a running checker process used

                                    to see if the client lives.

                                    'None' if no process is running.

    checker_initiator_tag: a gobject event source tag, or None

    disable_initiator_tag:    - '' -

    checker_callback_tag:  - '' -

    checker_command: string; External command which is run to check if

                     client lives.  %() expansions are done at

                     runtime with vars(self) as dict, so that for

                     instance %(name)s can be used in the command.

    current_checker_command: string; current running checker_command

    """

    @staticmethod

    def _datetime_to_milliseconds(dt):

        "Convert a datetime.datetime() to milliseconds"

        return ((dt.days * 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000)

                + (dt.seconds * 1000)

                + (dt.microseconds // 1000))

    def timeout_milliseconds(self):

        "Return the 'timeout' attribute in milliseconds"

        return self._datetime_to_milliseconds(self.timeout)

    def interval_milliseconds(self):

        "Return the 'interval' attribute in milliseconds"

        return self._datetime_to_milliseconds(self.interval)

    def __init__(self, name = None, disable_hook=None, config=None):

        """Note: the 'checker' key in 'config' sets the

        'checker_command' attribute and *not* the 'checker'

        attribute."""

        self.name = name

        if config is None:

            config = {}

        logger.debug(u"Creating client %r", self.name)

        # Uppercase and remove spaces from fingerprint for later

        # comparison purposes with return value from the fingerprint()

        # function

        self.fingerprint = (config[u"fingerprint"].upper()

                            .replace(u" ", u""))

        logger.debug(u"  Fingerprint: %s", self.fingerprint)

        if u"secret" in config:

            self.secret = config[u"secret"].decode(u"base64")

        elif u"secfile" in config:

            with closing(open(os.path.expanduser

                              (os.path.expandvars

                               (config[u"secfile"])))) as secfile:

                self.secret = secfile.read()

        else:

            raise TypeError(u"No secret or secfile for client %s"

                            % self.name)

        self.host = config.get(u"host", u"")

        self.created = datetime.datetime.utcnow()

        self.enabled = False

        self.last_enabled = None

        self.last_checked_ok = None

        self.timeout = string_to_delta(config[u"timeout"])

        self.interval = string_to_delta(config[u"interval"])

        self.disable_hook = disable_hook

        self.checker = None

        self.checker_initiator_tag = None

        self.disable_initiator_tag = None

        self.checker_callback_tag = None

        self.checker_command = config[u"checker"]

        self.current_checker_command = None

        self.last_connect = None

    def enable(self):

        """Start this client's checker and timeout hooks"""

        if getattr(self, u"enabled", False):

            # Already enabled

            return

        self.last_enabled = datetime.datetime.utcnow()

        # Schedule a new checker to be started an 'interval' from now,

        # and every interval from then on.

        self.checker_initiator_tag = (gobject.timeout_add

                                      (self.interval_milliseconds(),

                                       self.start_checker))

        # Also start a new checker *right now*.

        self.start_checker()

        # Schedule a disable() when 'timeout' has passed

        self.disable_initiator_tag = (gobject.timeout_add

                                   (self.timeout_milliseconds(),

                                    self.disable))

        self.enabled = True

    def disable(self):

        """Disable this client."""

        if not getattr(self, "enabled", False):

            return False

        logger.info(u"Disabling client %s", self.name)

        if getattr(self, u"disable_initiator_tag", False):

            gobject.source_remove(self.disable_initiator_tag)

            self.disable_initiator_tag = None

        if getattr(self, u"checker_initiator_tag", False):

            gobject.source_remove(self.checker_initiator_tag)

            self.checker_initiator_tag = None

        self.stop_checker()

        if self.disable_hook:

            self.disable_hook(self)

        self.enabled = False

        # Do not run this again if called by a gobject.timeout_add

        return False

    def __del__(self):

        self.disable_hook = None

        self.disable()

    def checker_callback(self, pid, condition, command):

        """The checker has completed, so take appropriate actions."""

        self.checker_callback_tag = None

        self.checker = None

        if os.WIFEXITED(condition):

            exitstatus = os.WEXITSTATUS(condition)

            if exitstatus == 0:

                logger.info(u"Checker for %(name)s succeeded",

                            vars(self))

                self.checked_ok()

            else:

                logger.info(u"Checker for %(name)s failed",

                            vars(self))

        else:

            logger.warning(u"Checker for %(name)s crashed?",

                           vars(self))

    def checked_ok(self):

        """Bump up the timeout for this client.

        This should only be called when the client has been seen,

        alive and well.

        """

        self.last_checked_ok = datetime.datetime.utcnow()

        gobject.source_remove(self.disable_initiator_tag)

        self.disable_initiator_tag = (gobject.timeout_add

                                      (self.timeout_milliseconds(),

                                       self.disable))

    def start_checker(self):

        """Start a new checker subprocess if one is not running.

        If a checker already exists, leave it running and do

        nothing."""

        # The reason for not killing a running checker is that if we

        # did that, then if a checker (for some reason) started

        # running slowly and taking more than 'interval' time, the

        # client would inevitably timeout, since no checker would get

        # a chance to run to completion.  If we instead leave running

        # checkers alone, the checker would have to take more time

        # than 'timeout' for the client to be declared invalid, which

        # is as it should be.

        # If a checker exists, make sure it is not a zombie

        if self.checker is not None:

            pid, status = os.waitpid(self.checker.pid, os.WNOHANG)

            if pid:

                logger.warning(u"Checker was a zombie")

                gobject.source_remove(self.checker_callback_tag)

                self.checker_callback(pid, status,

                                      self.current_checker_command)

        # Start a new checker if needed

        if self.checker is None:

            try:

                # In case checker_command has exactly one % operator

                command = self.checker_command % self.host

            except TypeError:

                # Escape attributes for the shell

                escaped_attrs = dict((key,

                                      re.escape(unicode(str(val),

                                                        errors=

                                                        u'replace')))

                                     for key, val in

                                     vars(self).iteritems())

                try:

                    command = self.checker_command % escaped_attrs

                except TypeError, error:

                    logger.error(u'Could not format string "%s":'

                                 u' %s', self.checker_command, error)

                    return True # Try again later

            self.current_checker_command = command

            try:

                logger.info(u"Starting checker %r for %s",

                            command, self.name)

                # We don't need to redirect stdout and stderr, since

                # in normal mode, that is already done by daemon(),

                # and in debug mode we don't want to.  (Stdin is

                # always replaced by /dev/null.)

                self.checker = subprocess.Popen(command,

                                                close_fds=True,

                                                shell=True, cwd=u"/")

                self.checker_callback_tag = (gobject.child_watch_add

                                             (self.checker.pid,

                                              self.checker_callback,

                                              data=command))

                # The checker may have completed before the gobject

                # watch was added.  Check for this.

                pid, status = os.waitpid(self.checker.pid, os.WNOHANG)

                if pid:

                    gobject.source_remove(self.checker_callback_tag)

                    self.checker_callback(pid, status, command)

            except OSError, error:

                logger.error(u"Failed to start subprocess: %s",

                             error)

        # Re-run this periodically if run by gobject.timeout_add

        return True

    def stop_checker(self):

        """Force the checker process, if any, to stop."""

        if self.checker_callback_tag:

            gobject.source_remove(self.checker_callback_tag)

            self.checker_callback_tag = None

        if getattr(self, u"checker", None) is None:

            return

        logger.debug(u"Stopping checker for %(name)s", vars(self))

        try:

            os.kill(self.checker.pid, signal.SIGTERM)

            #os.sleep(0.5)

            #if self.checker.poll() is None:

            #    os.kill(self.checker.pid, signal.SIGKILL)

        except OSError, error:

            if error.errno != errno.ESRCH: # No such process

                raise

        self.checker = None

    def still_valid(self):

        """Has the timeout not yet passed for this client?"""

        if not getattr(self, u"enabled", False):

            return False

        now = datetime.datetime.utcnow()

        if self.last_checked_ok is None:

            return now < (self.created + self.timeout)

        else:

            return now < (self.last_checked_ok + self.timeout)

class ClientDBus(Client, dbus.service.Object):

    """A Client class using D-Bus

    Attributes:

    dbus_object_path: dbus.ObjectPath

    bus: dbus.SystemBus()

    """

    # dbus.service.Object doesn't use super(), so we can't either.

    def __init__(self, bus = None, *args, **kwargs):

        self.bus = bus

        Client.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)

        # Only now, when this client is initialized, can it show up on

        # the D-Bus

        self.dbus_object_path = (dbus.ObjectPath

                                 (u"/clients/"

                                  + self.name.replace(u".", u"_")))

        dbus.service.Object.__init__(self, self.bus,

                                     self.dbus_object_path)

    @staticmethod

    def _datetime_to_dbus(dt, variant_level=0):

        """Convert a UTC datetime.datetime() to a D-Bus type."""

        return dbus.String(dt.isoformat(),

                           variant_level=variant_level)

    def enable(self):

        oldstate = getattr(self, u"enabled", False)

        r = Client.enable(self)

        if oldstate != self.enabled:

            # Emit D-Bus signals

            self.PropertyChanged(dbus.String(u"enabled"),

                                 dbus.Boolean(True, variant_level=1))

            self.PropertyChanged(

                dbus.String(u"last_enabled"),

                self._datetime_to_dbus(self.last_enabled,

                                       variant_level=1))

        return r

    def disable(self, signal = True):

        oldstate = getattr(self, u"enabled", False)

        r = Client.disable(self)

        if signal and oldstate != self.enabled:

            # Emit D-Bus signal

            self.PropertyChanged(dbus.String(u"enabled"),

                                 dbus.Boolean(False, variant_level=1))

        return r

    def __del__(self, *args, **kwargs):

        try:

            self.remove_from_connection()

        except LookupError:

            pass

        if hasattr(dbus.service.Object, u"__del__"):

            dbus.service.Object.__del__(self, *args, **kwargs)

        Client.__del__(self, *args, **kwargs)

    def checker_callback(self, pid, condition, command,

                         *args, **kwargs):

        self.checker_callback_tag = None

        self.checker = None

        # Emit D-Bus signal

        self.PropertyChanged(dbus.String(u"checker_running"),

                             dbus.Boolean(False, variant_level=1))

        if os.WIFEXITED(condition):

            exitstatus = os.WEXITSTATUS(condition)

            # Emit D-Bus signal

            self.CheckerCompleted(dbus.Int16(exitstatus),

                                  dbus.Int64(condition),

                                  dbus.String(command))

        else:

            # Emit D-Bus signal

            self.CheckerCompleted(dbus.Int16(-1),

                                  dbus.Int64(condition),

                                  dbus.String(command))

        return Client.checker_callback(self, pid, condition, command,

                                       *args, **kwargs)

    def checked_ok(self, *args, **kwargs):

        r = Client.checked_ok(self, *args, **kwargs)

        # Emit D-Bus signal

        self.PropertyChanged(

            dbus.String(u"last_checked_ok"),

            (self._datetime_to_dbus(self.last_checked_ok,

                                    variant_level=1)))

        return r

    def start_checker(self, *args, **kwargs):

        old_checker = self.checker

        if self.checker is not None:

            old_checker_pid = self.checker.pid

        else:

            old_checker_pid = None

        r = Client.start_checker(self, *args, **kwargs)

        # Only if new checker process was started

        if (self.checker is not None

            and old_checker_pid != self.checker.pid):

            # Emit D-Bus signal

            self.CheckerStarted(self.current_checker_command)

            self.PropertyChanged(

                dbus.String(u"checker_running"),

                dbus.Boolean(True, variant_level=1))

        return r

    def stop_checker(self, *args, **kwargs):

        old_checker = getattr(self, u"checker", None)

        r = Client.stop_checker(self, *args, **kwargs)

        if (old_checker is not None

            and getattr(self, u"checker", None) is None):

            self.PropertyChanged(dbus.String(u"checker_running"),

                                 dbus.Boolean(False, variant_level=1))

        return r

    ## D-Bus methods & signals

    _interface = u"se.bsnet.fukt.Mandos.Client"

    # CheckedOK - method

    @dbus.service.method(_interface)

    def CheckedOK(self):

        return self.checked_ok()

    # CheckerCompleted - signal

    @dbus.service.signal(_interface, signature=u"nxs")

    def CheckerCompleted(self, exitcode, waitstatus, command):

        "D-Bus signal"

        pass

    # CheckerStarted - signal

    @dbus.service.signal(_interface, signature=u"s")

    def CheckerStarted(self, command):

        "D-Bus signal"

        pass