1
1
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
2
2
<!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3
3
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4
<!ENTITY VERSION "1.0">
4
5
<!ENTITY COMMANDNAME "mandos">
5
<!ENTITY TIMESTAMP "2012-01-15">
6
<!ENTITY % common SYSTEM "common.ent">
10
8
<refentry xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
12
<title>Mandos Manual</title>
10
<title>&COMMANDNAME;</title>
13
11
<!-- NWalsh’s docbook scripts use this to generate the footer: -->
14
<productname>Mandos</productname>
15
<productnumber>&version;</productnumber>
16
<date>&TIMESTAMP;</date>
12
<productname>&COMMANDNAME;</productname>
13
<productnumber>&VERSION;</productnumber>
19
16
<firstname>Björn</firstname>
20
17
<surname>Påhlsson</surname>
22
<email>belorn@recompile.se</email>
19
<email>belorn@fukt.bsnet.se</email>
26
23
<firstname>Teddy</firstname>
27
24
<surname>Hogeborn</surname>
29
<email>teddy@recompile.se</email>
26
<email>teddy@fukt.bsnet.se</email>
39
32
<holder>Teddy Hogeborn</holder>
40
33
<holder>Björn Påhlsson</holder>
42
<xi:include href="legalnotice.xml"/>
37
This manual page is free software: you can redistribute it
38
and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public
39
License as published by the Free Software Foundation,
40
either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any
45
This manual page is distributed in the hope that it will
46
be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the
47
implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A
48
PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
53
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public
54
License along with this program; If not, see
55
<ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/licenses/"/>.
46
61
<refentrytitle>&COMMANDNAME;</refentrytitle>
47
62
<manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
51
66
<refname><command>&COMMANDNAME;</command></refname>
53
Gives encrypted passwords to authenticated Mandos clients
68
Sends encrypted passwords to authenticated Mandos clients
59
74
<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command>
61
<arg choice="plain"><option>--interface
62
<replaceable>NAME</replaceable></option></arg>
63
<arg choice="plain"><option>-i
64
<replaceable>NAME</replaceable></option></arg>
68
<arg choice="plain"><option>--address
69
<replaceable>ADDRESS</replaceable></option></arg>
70
<arg choice="plain"><option>-a
71
<replaceable>ADDRESS</replaceable></option></arg>
75
<arg choice="plain"><option>--port
76
<replaceable>PORT</replaceable></option></arg>
77
<arg choice="plain"><option>-p
78
<replaceable>PORT</replaceable></option></arg>
81
<arg><option>--priority
82
<replaceable>PRIORITY</replaceable></option></arg>
84
<arg><option>--servicename
85
<replaceable>NAME</replaceable></option></arg>
87
<arg><option>--configdir
88
<replaceable>DIRECTORY</replaceable></option></arg>
90
<arg><option>--debug</option></arg>
92
<arg><option>--debuglevel
93
<replaceable>LEVEL</replaceable></option></arg>
95
<arg><option>--no-dbus</option></arg>
97
<arg><option>--no-ipv6</option></arg>
99
<arg><option>--no-restore</option></arg>
101
<arg><option>--statedir
102
<replaceable>DIRECTORY</replaceable></option></arg>
75
<arg>--interface<arg choice="plain">IF</arg></arg>
76
<arg>--address<arg choice="plain">ADDRESS</arg></arg>
77
<arg>--port<arg choice="plain">PORT</arg></arg>
78
<arg>--priority<arg choice="plain">PRIORITY</arg></arg>
79
<arg>--servicename<arg choice="plain">NAME</arg></arg>
80
<arg>--configdir<arg choice="plain">DIRECTORY</arg></arg>
84
<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command>
85
<arg>-i<arg choice="plain">IF</arg></arg>
86
<arg>-a<arg choice="plain">ADDRESS</arg></arg>
87
<arg>-p<arg choice="plain">PORT</arg></arg>
88
<arg>--priority<arg choice="plain">PRIORITY</arg></arg>
89
<arg>--servicename<arg choice="plain">NAME</arg></arg>
90
<arg>--configdir<arg choice="plain">DIRECTORY</arg></arg>
105
94
<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command>
106
95
<group choice="req">
107
<arg choice="plain"><option>--help</option></arg>
108
<arg choice="plain"><option>-h</option></arg>
96
<arg choice="plain">-h</arg>
97
<arg choice="plain">--help</arg>
112
101
<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command>
113
<arg choice="plain"><option>--version</option></arg>
102
<arg choice="plain">--version</arg>
116
105
<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command>
117
<arg choice="plain"><option>--check</option></arg>
106
<arg choice="plain">--check</arg>
119
108
</refsynopsisdiv>
121
110
<refsect1 id="description">
122
111
<title>DESCRIPTION</title>
124
113
<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command> is a server daemon which
125
114
handles incoming request for passwords for a pre-defined list of
126
client host computers. For an introduction, see
127
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>intro</refentrytitle>
128
<manvolnum>8mandos</manvolnum></citerefentry>. The Mandos server
129
uses Zeroconf to announce itself on the local network, and uses
130
TLS to communicate securely with and to authenticate the
131
clients. The Mandos server uses IPv6 to allow Mandos clients to
132
use IPv6 link-local addresses, since the clients will probably
133
not have any other addresses configured (see <xref
134
linkend="overview"/>). Any authenticated client is then given
135
the stored pre-encrypted password for that specific client.
115
client host computers. The Mandos server uses Zeroconf to
116
announce itself on the local network, and uses TLS to
117
communicate securely with and to authenticate the clients. The
118
Mandos server uses IPv6 to allow Mandos clients to use IPv6
119
link-local addresses, since the clients will probably not have
120
any other addresses configured (see <xref linkend="overview"/>).
121
Any authenticated client is then given the stored pre-encrypted
122
password for that specific client.
139
127
<refsect1 id="purpose">
140
128
<title>PURPOSE</title>
142
131
The purpose of this is to enable <emphasis>remote and unattended
143
132
rebooting</emphasis> of client host computer with an
144
133
<emphasis>encrypted root file system</emphasis>. See <xref
145
134
linkend="overview"/> for details.
149
139
<refsect1 id="options">
150
140
<title>OPTIONS</title>
153
<term><option>--help</option></term>
154
<term><option>-h</option></term>
144
<term><literal>-h</literal>, <literal>--help</literal></term>
157
147
Show a help message and exit
163
<term><option>--interface</option>
164
<replaceable>NAME</replaceable></term>
165
<term><option>-i</option>
166
<replaceable>NAME</replaceable></term>
153
<term><literal>-i</literal>, <literal>--interface <replaceable>
154
IF</replaceable></literal></term>
168
156
<xi:include href="mandos-options.xml" xpointer="interface"/>
173
<term><option>--address
174
<replaceable>ADDRESS</replaceable></option></term>
176
<replaceable>ADDRESS</replaceable></option></term>
161
<term><literal>-a</literal>, <literal>--address <replaceable>
162
ADDRESS</replaceable></literal></term>
178
164
<xi:include href="mandos-options.xml" xpointer="address"/>
184
<replaceable>PORT</replaceable></option></term>
186
<replaceable>PORT</replaceable></option></term>
169
<term><literal>-p</literal>, <literal>--port <replaceable>
170
PORT</replaceable></literal></term>
188
172
<xi:include href="mandos-options.xml" xpointer="port"/>
193
<term><option>--check</option></term>
177
<term><literal>--check</literal></term>
196
180
Run the server’s self-tests. This includes any unit
203
<term><option>--debug</option></term>
187
<term><literal>--debug</literal></term>
205
189
<xi:include href="mandos-options.xml" xpointer="debug"/>
210
<term><option>--debuglevel
211
<replaceable>LEVEL</replaceable></option></term>
214
Set the debugging log level.
215
<replaceable>LEVEL</replaceable> is a string, one of
216
<quote><literal>CRITICAL</literal></quote>,
217
<quote><literal>ERROR</literal></quote>,
218
<quote><literal>WARNING</literal></quote>,
219
<quote><literal>INFO</literal></quote>, or
220
<quote><literal>DEBUG</literal></quote>, in order of
221
increasing verbosity. The default level is
222
<quote><literal>WARNING</literal></quote>.
228
<term><option>--priority <replaceable>
229
PRIORITY</replaceable></option></term>
194
<term><literal>--priority <replaceable>
195
PRIORITY</replaceable></literal></term>
231
197
<xi:include href="mandos-options.xml" xpointer="priority"/>
236
<term><option>--servicename
237
<replaceable>NAME</replaceable></option></term>
202
<term><literal>--servicename <replaceable>NAME</replaceable>
239
205
<xi:include href="mandos-options.xml"
240
206
xpointer="servicename"/>
245
<term><option>--configdir
246
<replaceable>DIRECTORY</replaceable></option></term>
211
<term><literal>--configdir <replaceable>DIR</replaceable>
249
215
Directory to search for configuration files. Default is
260
<term><option>--version</option></term>
226
<term><literal>--version</literal></term>
263
229
Prints the program version and exit.
269
<term><option>--no-dbus</option></term>
271
<xi:include href="mandos-options.xml" xpointer="dbus"/>
273
See also <xref linkend="dbus_interface"/>.
279
<term><option>--no-ipv6</option></term>
281
<xi:include href="mandos-options.xml" xpointer="ipv6"/>
286
<term><option>--no-restore</option></term>
288
<xi:include href="mandos-options.xml" xpointer="restore"/>
290
See also <xref linkend="persistent_state"/>.
296
<term><option>--statedir
297
<replaceable>DIRECTORY</replaceable></option></term>
299
<xi:include href="mandos-options.xml" xpointer="statedir"/>
305
236
<refsect1 id="overview">
306
237
<title>OVERVIEW</title>
307
238
<xi:include href="overview.xml"/>
309
240
This program is the server part. It is a normal server program
310
241
and will run in a normal system environment, not in an initial
311
<acronym>RAM</acronym> disk environment.
242
RAM disk environment.
315
246
<refsect1 id="protocol">
316
247
<title>NETWORK PROTOCOL</title>
370
301
</tbody></tgroup></table>
373
304
<refsect1 id="checking">
374
305
<title>CHECKING</title>
376
307
The server will, by default, continually check that the clients
377
308
are still up. If a client has not been confirmed as being up
378
309
for some time, the client is assumed to be compromised and is no
379
longer eligible to receive the encrypted password. (Manual
380
intervention is required to re-enable a client.) The timeout,
381
extended timeout, checker program, and interval between checks
382
can be configured both globally and per client; see
383
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>mandos-clients.conf</refentrytitle>
310
longer eligible to receive the encrypted password. The timeout,
311
checker program, and interval between checks can be configured
312
both globally and per client; see <citerefentry>
313
<refentrytitle>mandos.conf</refentrytitle>
314
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> and <citerefentry>
315
<refentrytitle>mandos-clients.conf</refentrytitle>
384
316
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
388
<refsect1 id="approval">
389
<title>APPROVAL</title>
391
The server can be configured to require manual approval for a
392
client before it is sent its secret. The delay to wait for such
393
approval and the default action (approve or deny) can be
394
configured both globally and per client; see <citerefentry>
395
<refentrytitle>mandos-clients.conf</refentrytitle>
396
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>. By default all clients
397
will be approved immediately without delay.
400
This can be used to deny a client its secret if not manually
401
approved within a specified time. It can also be used to make
402
the server delay before giving a client its secret, allowing
403
optional manual denying of this specific client.
408
320
<refsect1 id="logging">
409
321
<title>LOGGING</title>
411
The server will send log message with various severity levels to
412
<filename class="devicefile">/dev/log</filename>. With the
323
The server will send log messaged with various severity levels
324
to <filename>/dev/log</filename>. With the
413
325
<option>--debug</option> option, it will log even more messages,
414
326
and also show them on the console.
418
<refsect1 id="persistent_state">
419
<title>PERSISTENT STATE</title>
421
Client settings, initially read from
422
<filename>clients.conf</filename>, are persistent across
423
restarts, and run-time changes will override settings in
424
<filename>clients.conf</filename>. However, if a setting is
425
<emphasis>changed</emphasis> (or a client added, or removed) in
426
<filename>clients.conf</filename>, this will take precedence.
430
<refsect1 id="dbus_interface">
431
<title>D-BUS INTERFACE</title>
433
The server will by default provide a D-Bus system bus interface.
434
This interface will only be accessible by the root user or a
435
Mandos-specific user, if such a user exists. For documentation
436
of the D-Bus API, see the file <filename>DBUS-API</filename>.
440
330
<refsect1 id="exit_status">
441
331
<title>EXIT STATUS</title>
627
513
compromised if they are gone for too long.
516
If a client is compromised, its downtime should be duly noted
517
by the server which would therefore declare the client
518
invalid. But if the server was ever restarted, it would
519
re-read its client list from its configuration file and again
520
regard all clients therein as valid, and hence eligible to
521
receive their passwords. Therefore, be careful when
522
restarting servers if it is suspected that a client has, in
523
fact, been compromised by parties who may now be running a
524
fake Mandos client with the keys from the non-encrypted
525
initial RAM image of the client host. What should be done in
526
that case (if restarting the server program really is
527
necessary) is to stop the server program, edit the
528
configuration file to omit any suspect clients, and restart
630
532
For more details on client-side security, see
631
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>mandos-client</refentrytitle>
533
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>password-request</refentrytitle>
632
534
<manvolnum>8mandos</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
637
539
<refsect1 id="see_also">
638
540
<title>SEE ALSO</title>
640
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>intro</refentrytitle>
641
<manvolnum>8mandos</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
642
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>mandos-clients.conf</refentrytitle>
643
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
644
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>mandos.conf</refentrytitle>
645
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
646
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>mandos-client</refentrytitle>
647
<manvolnum>8mandos</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
648
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>sh</refentrytitle>
649
<manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>
545
<refentrytitle>password-request</refentrytitle>
546
<manvolnum>8mandos</manvolnum>
551
This is the actual program which talks to this server.
552
Note that it is normally not invoked directly, and is only
553
run in the initial RAM disk environment, and not on a
554
fully started system.
654
560
<ulink url="http://www.zeroconf.org/">Zeroconf</ulink>
689
RFC 4291: <citetitle>IP Version 6 Addressing
690
Architecture</citetitle>
595
<citation>RFC 4291: <citetitle>IP Version 6 Addressing
596
Architecture</citetitle>, section 2.5.6, Link-Local IPv6
597
Unicast Addresses</citation>
695
<term>Section 2.2: <citetitle>Text Representation of
696
Addresses</citetitle></term>
697
<listitem><para/></listitem>
700
<term>Section 2.5.5.2: <citetitle>IPv4-Mapped IPv6
701
Address</citetitle></term>
702
<listitem><para/></listitem>
705
<term>Section 2.5.6, <citetitle>Link-Local IPv6 Unicast
706
Addresses</citetitle></term>
709
The clients use IPv6 link-local addresses, which are
710
immediately usable since a link-local addresses is
711
automatically assigned to a network interfaces when it
601
The clients use IPv6 link-local addresses, which are
602
immediately usable since a link-local addresses is
603
automatically assigned to a network interfaces when it is
721
RFC 4346: <citetitle>The Transport Layer Security (TLS)
722
Protocol Version 1.1</citetitle>
610
<citation>RFC 4346: <citetitle>The Transport Layer Security
611
(TLS) Protocol Version 1.1</citetitle></citation>