1
1
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
2
2
<!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3
3
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4
<!ENTITY VERSION "1.0">
4
5
<!ENTITY COMMANDNAME "mandos">
5
<!ENTITY TIMESTAMP "2012-01-15">
6
<!ENTITY % common SYSTEM "common.ent">
6
<!ENTITY OVERVIEW SYSTEM "overview.xml">
10
<refentry xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
12
<title>Mandos Manual</title>
11
<title>&COMMANDNAME;</title>
13
12
<!-- NWalsh’s docbook scripts use this to generate the footer: -->
14
<productname>Mandos</productname>
15
<productnumber>&version;</productnumber>
16
<date>&TIMESTAMP;</date>
13
<productname>&COMMANDNAME;</productname>
14
<productnumber>&VERSION;</productnumber>
19
17
<firstname>Björn</firstname>
20
18
<surname>Påhlsson</surname>
22
<email>belorn@recompile.se</email>
20
<email>belorn@fukt.bsnet.se</email>
26
24
<firstname>Teddy</firstname>
27
25
<surname>Hogeborn</surname>
29
<email>teddy@recompile.se</email>
27
<email>teddy@fukt.bsnet.se</email>
39
33
<holder>Teddy Hogeborn</holder>
40
34
<holder>Björn Påhlsson</holder>
42
<xi:include href="legalnotice.xml"/>
38
This manual page is free software: you can redistribute it
39
and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public
40
License as published by the Free Software Foundation,
41
either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any
46
This manual page is distributed in the hope that it will
47
be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the
48
implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A
49
PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
54
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public
55
License along with this program; If not, see
56
<ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/licenses/"/>.
46
62
<refentrytitle>&COMMANDNAME;</refentrytitle>
47
63
<manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
51
67
<refname><command>&COMMANDNAME;</command></refname>
53
Gives encrypted passwords to authenticated Mandos clients
69
Sends encrypted passwords to authenticated Mandos clients
59
75
<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command>
61
<arg choice="plain"><option>--interface
62
<replaceable>NAME</replaceable></option></arg>
63
<arg choice="plain"><option>-i
64
<replaceable>NAME</replaceable></option></arg>
68
<arg choice="plain"><option>--address
69
<replaceable>ADDRESS</replaceable></option></arg>
70
<arg choice="plain"><option>-a
71
<replaceable>ADDRESS</replaceable></option></arg>
75
<arg choice="plain"><option>--port
76
<replaceable>PORT</replaceable></option></arg>
77
<arg choice="plain"><option>-p
78
<replaceable>PORT</replaceable></option></arg>
81
<arg><option>--priority
82
<replaceable>PRIORITY</replaceable></option></arg>
84
<arg><option>--servicename
85
<replaceable>NAME</replaceable></option></arg>
87
<arg><option>--configdir
88
<replaceable>DIRECTORY</replaceable></option></arg>
90
<arg><option>--debug</option></arg>
92
<arg><option>--debuglevel
93
<replaceable>LEVEL</replaceable></option></arg>
95
<arg><option>--no-dbus</option></arg>
97
<arg><option>--no-ipv6</option></arg>
99
<arg><option>--no-restore</option></arg>
101
<arg><option>--statedir
102
<replaceable>DIRECTORY</replaceable></option></arg>
105
<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command>
107
<arg choice="plain"><option>--help</option></arg>
108
<arg choice="plain"><option>-h</option></arg>
112
<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command>
113
<arg choice="plain"><option>--version</option></arg>
116
<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command>
117
<arg choice="plain"><option>--check</option></arg>
76
<arg choice="opt">--interface<arg choice="plain">IF</arg></arg>
77
<arg choice="opt">--address<arg choice="plain">ADDRESS</arg></arg>
78
<arg choice="opt">--port<arg choice="plain">PORT</arg></arg>
79
<arg choice="opt">--priority<arg choice="plain">PRIORITY</arg></arg>
80
<arg choice="opt">--servicename<arg choice="plain">NAME</arg></arg>
81
<arg choice="opt">--configdir<arg choice="plain">DIRECTORY</arg></arg>
82
<arg choice="opt">--debug</arg>
85
<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command>
86
<arg choice="opt">-i<arg choice="plain">IF</arg></arg>
87
<arg choice="opt">-a<arg choice="plain">ADDRESS</arg></arg>
88
<arg choice="opt">-p<arg choice="plain">PORT</arg></arg>
89
<arg choice="opt">--priority<arg choice="plain">PRIORITY</arg></arg>
90
<arg choice="opt">--servicename<arg choice="plain">NAME</arg></arg>
91
<arg choice="opt">--configdir<arg choice="plain">DIRECTORY</arg></arg>
92
<arg choice="opt">--debug</arg>
95
<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command>
96
<arg choice="plain">--help</arg>
99
<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command>
100
<arg choice="plain">--version</arg>
103
<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command>
104
<arg choice="plain">--check</arg>
119
106
</refsynopsisdiv>
121
108
<refsect1 id="description">
122
109
<title>DESCRIPTION</title>
124
111
<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command> is a server daemon which
125
112
handles incoming request for passwords for a pre-defined list of
126
client host computers. For an introduction, see
127
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>intro</refentrytitle>
128
<manvolnum>8mandos</manvolnum></citerefentry>. The Mandos server
129
uses Zeroconf to announce itself on the local network, and uses
130
TLS to communicate securely with and to authenticate the
131
clients. The Mandos server uses IPv6 to allow Mandos clients to
132
use IPv6 link-local addresses, since the clients will probably
133
not have any other addresses configured (see <xref
134
linkend="overview"/>). Any authenticated client is then given
135
the stored pre-encrypted password for that specific client.
113
client host computers. The Mandos server uses Zeroconf to
114
announce itself on the local network, and uses TLS to
115
communicate securely with and to authenticate the clients. The
116
Mandos server uses IPv6 to allow Mandos clients to use IPv6
117
link-local addresses, since the clients will probably not have
118
any other addresses configured (see <xref linkend="overview"/>).
119
Any authenticated client is then given the stored pre-encrypted
120
password for that specific client.
139
125
<refsect1 id="purpose">
140
126
<title>PURPOSE</title>
142
129
The purpose of this is to enable <emphasis>remote and unattended
143
130
rebooting</emphasis> of client host computer with an
144
131
<emphasis>encrypted root file system</emphasis>. See <xref
145
132
linkend="overview"/> for details.
149
137
<refsect1 id="options">
150
138
<title>OPTIONS</title>
153
<term><option>--help</option></term>
154
<term><option>-h</option></term>
142
<term><literal>-h</literal>, <literal>--help</literal></term>
157
145
Show a help message and exit
163
<term><option>--interface</option>
164
<replaceable>NAME</replaceable></term>
165
<term><option>-i</option>
166
<replaceable>NAME</replaceable></term>
168
<xi:include href="mandos-options.xml" xpointer="interface"/>
173
<term><option>--address
174
<replaceable>ADDRESS</replaceable></option></term>
176
<replaceable>ADDRESS</replaceable></option></term>
178
<xi:include href="mandos-options.xml" xpointer="address"/>
184
<replaceable>PORT</replaceable></option></term>
186
<replaceable>PORT</replaceable></option></term>
188
<xi:include href="mandos-options.xml" xpointer="port"/>
193
<term><option>--check</option></term>
151
<term><literal>-i</literal>, <literal>--interface <replaceable>
152
IF</replaceable></literal></term>
155
Only announce the server and listen to requests on network
156
interface <replaceable>IF</replaceable>. Default is to
157
use all available interfaces.
163
<term><literal>-a</literal>, <literal>--address <replaceable>
164
ADDRESS</replaceable></literal></term>
167
If this option is used, the server will only listen to a
168
specific address. This must currently be an IPv6 address;
169
an IPv4 address can be specified using the
170
<quote><literal>::FFFF:192.0.2.3</literal></quote> syntax.
171
Also, if a link-local address is specified, an interface
172
should be set, since a link-local address is only valid on
173
a single interface. By default, the server will listen to
174
all available addresses.
180
<term><literal>-p</literal>, <literal>--port <replaceable>
181
PORT</replaceable></literal></term>
184
If this option is used, the server to bind to that
185
port. By default, the server will listen to an arbitrary
186
port given by the operating system.
192
<term><literal>--check</literal></term>
196
195
Run the server’s self-tests. This includes any unit
203
<term><option>--debug</option></term>
205
<xi:include href="mandos-options.xml" xpointer="debug"/>
210
<term><option>--debuglevel
211
<replaceable>LEVEL</replaceable></option></term>
214
Set the debugging log level.
215
<replaceable>LEVEL</replaceable> is a string, one of
216
<quote><literal>CRITICAL</literal></quote>,
217
<quote><literal>ERROR</literal></quote>,
218
<quote><literal>WARNING</literal></quote>,
219
<quote><literal>INFO</literal></quote>, or
220
<quote><literal>DEBUG</literal></quote>, in order of
221
increasing verbosity. The default level is
222
<quote><literal>WARNING</literal></quote>.
228
<term><option>--priority <replaceable>
229
PRIORITY</replaceable></option></term>
231
<xi:include href="mandos-options.xml" xpointer="priority"/>
236
<term><option>--servicename
237
<replaceable>NAME</replaceable></option></term>
239
<xi:include href="mandos-options.xml"
240
xpointer="servicename"/>
245
<term><option>--configdir
246
<replaceable>DIRECTORY</replaceable></option></term>
202
<term><literal>--debug</literal></term>
205
If the server is run in debug mode, it will run in the
206
foreground and print a lot of debugging information. The
207
default is <emphasis>not</emphasis> to run in debug mode.
213
<term><literal>--priority <replaceable>
214
PRIORITY</replaceable></literal></term>
217
GnuTLS priority string for the TLS handshake with the
218
clients. The default is
219
<quote><literal>SECURE256:!CTYPE-X.509:+CTYPE-OPENPGP</literal></quote>.
220
See <citerefentry><refentrytitle>gnutls_priority_init
221
</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>
222
for the syntax. <emphasis>Warning</emphasis>: changing
223
this may make the TLS handshake fail, making communication
224
with clients impossible.
230
<term><literal>--servicename <replaceable>NAME</replaceable>
234
Zeroconf service name. The default is
235
<quote><literal>Mandos</literal></quote>. You only need
236
to change this if you for some reason want to run more
237
than one server on the same <emphasis>host</emphasis>,
238
which would not normally be useful. If there are name
239
collisions on the same <emphasis>network</emphasis>, the
240
newer server will automatically rename itself to
241
<quote><literal>Mandos #2</literal></quote>, and so on;
242
therefore, this option is not needed in that case.
248
<term><literal>--configdir <replaceable>DIR</replaceable>
249
252
Directory to search for configuration files. Default is
370
338
</tbody></tgroup></table>
373
341
<refsect1 id="checking">
374
342
<title>CHECKING</title>
376
344
The server will, by default, continually check that the clients
377
345
are still up. If a client has not been confirmed as being up
378
346
for some time, the client is assumed to be compromised and is no
379
longer eligible to receive the encrypted password. (Manual
380
intervention is required to re-enable a client.) The timeout,
381
extended timeout, checker program, and interval between checks
382
can be configured both globally and per client; see
383
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>mandos-clients.conf</refentrytitle>
347
longer eligible to receive the encrypted password. The timeout,
348
checker program, and interval between checks can be configured
349
both globally and per client; see <citerefentry>
350
<refentrytitle>mandos.conf</refentrytitle>
351
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> and <citerefentry>
352
<refentrytitle>mandos-clients.conf</refentrytitle>
384
353
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
388
<refsect1 id="approval">
389
<title>APPROVAL</title>
391
The server can be configured to require manual approval for a
392
client before it is sent its secret. The delay to wait for such
393
approval and the default action (approve or deny) can be
394
configured both globally and per client; see <citerefentry>
395
<refentrytitle>mandos-clients.conf</refentrytitle>
396
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>. By default all clients
397
will be approved immediately without delay.
400
This can be used to deny a client its secret if not manually
401
approved within a specified time. It can also be used to make
402
the server delay before giving a client its secret, allowing
403
optional manual denying of this specific client.
408
357
<refsect1 id="logging">
409
358
<title>LOGGING</title>
411
The server will send log message with various severity levels to
412
<filename class="devicefile">/dev/log</filename>. With the
360
The server will send log messaged with various severity levels
361
to <filename>/dev/log</filename>. With the
413
362
<option>--debug</option> option, it will log even more messages,
414
363
and also show them on the console.
418
<refsect1 id="persistent_state">
419
<title>PERSISTENT STATE</title>
421
Client settings, initially read from
422
<filename>clients.conf</filename>, are persistent across
423
restarts, and run-time changes will override settings in
424
<filename>clients.conf</filename>. However, if a setting is
425
<emphasis>changed</emphasis> (or a client added, or removed) in
426
<filename>clients.conf</filename>, this will take precedence.
430
<refsect1 id="dbus_interface">
431
<title>D-BUS INTERFACE</title>
433
The server will by default provide a D-Bus system bus interface.
434
This interface will only be accessible by the root user or a
435
Mandos-specific user, if such a user exists. For documentation
436
of the D-Bus API, see the file <filename>DBUS-API</filename>.
440
367
<refsect1 id="exit_status">
441
368
<title>EXIT STATUS</title>
529
<term><filename>/bin/sh</filename></term>
532
This is used to start the configured checker command for
533
each client. See <citerefentry>
534
<refentrytitle>mandos-clients.conf</refentrytitle>
535
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> for details.
542
424
<refsect1 id="bugs">
543
425
<title>BUGS</title>
545
427
This server might, on especially fatal errors, emit a Python
546
428
backtrace. This could be considered a feature.
549
There is no fine-grained control over logging and debug output.
552
Debug mode is conflated with running in the foreground.
555
This server does not check the expire time of clients’ OpenPGP
560
<refsect1 id="example">
561
<title>EXAMPLE</title>
432
<refsect1 id="examples">
433
<title>EXAMPLES</title>
562
434
<informalexample>
564
436
Normal invocation needs no options:
567
<userinput>&COMMANDNAME;</userinput>
439
<userinput>mandos</userinput>
569
441
</informalexample>
570
442
<informalexample>
572
444
Run the server in debug mode, read configuration files from
573
the <filename class="directory">~/mandos</filename> directory,
574
and use the Zeroconf service name <quote>Test</quote> to not
575
collide with any other official Mandos server on this host:
445
the <filename>~/mandos</filename> directory, and use the
446
Zeroconf service name <quote>Test</quote> to not collide with
447
any other official Mandos server on this host:
579
451
<!-- do not wrap this line -->
580
<userinput>&COMMANDNAME; --debug --configdir ~/mandos --servicename Test</userinput>
452
<userinput>mandos --debug --configdir ~/mandos --servicename Test</userinput>
583
455
</informalexample>
630
502
For more details on client-side security, see
631
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>mandos-client</refentrytitle>
503
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>password-request</refentrytitle>
632
504
<manvolnum>8mandos</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
637
509
<refsect1 id="see_also">
638
510
<title>SEE ALSO</title>
640
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>intro</refentrytitle>
641
<manvolnum>8mandos</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
642
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>mandos-clients.conf</refentrytitle>
643
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
644
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>mandos.conf</refentrytitle>
645
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
646
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>mandos-client</refentrytitle>
647
<manvolnum>8mandos</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
648
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>sh</refentrytitle>
649
<manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>
515
<refentrytitle>password-request</refentrytitle>
516
<manvolnum>8mandos</manvolnum>
521
This is the actual program which talks to this server.
522
Note that it is normally not invoked directly, and is only
523
run in the initial RAM disk environment, and not on a
524
fully started system.
654
530
<ulink url="http://www.zeroconf.org/">Zeroconf</ulink>
689
RFC 4291: <citetitle>IP Version 6 Addressing
690
Architecture</citetitle>
565
<citation>RFC 4291: <citetitle>IP Version 6 Addressing
566
Architecture</citetitle>, section 2.5.6, Link-Local IPv6
567
Unicast Addresses</citation>
695
<term>Section 2.2: <citetitle>Text Representation of
696
Addresses</citetitle></term>
697
<listitem><para/></listitem>
700
<term>Section 2.5.5.2: <citetitle>IPv4-Mapped IPv6
701
Address</citetitle></term>
702
<listitem><para/></listitem>
705
<term>Section 2.5.6, <citetitle>Link-Local IPv6 Unicast
706
Addresses</citetitle></term>
709
The clients use IPv6 link-local addresses, which are
710
immediately usable since a link-local addresses is
711
automatically assigned to a network interfaces when it
571
The clients use IPv6 link-local addresses, which are
572
immediately usable since a link-local addresses is
573
automatically assigned to a network interfaces when it is
721
RFC 4346: <citetitle>The Transport Layer Security (TLS)
722
Protocol Version 1.1</citetitle>
580
<citation>RFC 4346: <citetitle>The Transport Layer Security
581
(TLS) Protocol Version 1.1</citetitle></citation>