1
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
1
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
2
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl"
3
href="http://docbook.sourceforge.net/release/xsl/current/manpages/docbook.xsl"?>
2
4
<!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
5
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
6
<!ENTITY VERSION "1.0">
4
7
<!ENTITY COMMANDNAME "mandos">
5
<!ENTITY TIMESTAMP "2013-10-23">
6
<!ENTITY % common SYSTEM "common.ent">
10
<refentry xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
12
<title>Mandos Manual</title>
13
<!-- NWalsh’s docbook scripts use this to generate the footer: -->
14
<productname>Mandos</productname>
15
<productnumber>&version;</productnumber>
16
<date>&TIMESTAMP;</date>
12
<title>&COMMANDNAME;</title>
13
<!-- NWalsh's docbook scripts use this to generate the footer: -->
14
<productname>&COMMANDNAME;</productname>
15
<productnumber>&VERSION;</productnumber>
19
18
<firstname>Björn</firstname>
20
19
<surname>Påhlsson</surname>
22
<email>belorn@recompile.se</email>
21
<email>belorn@fukt.bsnet.se</email>
26
25
<firstname>Teddy</firstname>
27
26
<surname>Hogeborn</surname>
29
<email>teddy@recompile.se</email>
28
<email>teddy@fukt.bsnet.se</email>
40
34
<holder>Teddy Hogeborn</holder>
41
35
<holder>Björn Påhlsson</holder>
43
<xi:include href="legalnotice.xml"/>
39
This manual page is free software: you can redistribute it
40
and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public
41
License as published by the Free Software Foundation,
42
either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any
47
This manual page is distributed in the hope that it will
48
be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the
49
implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A
50
PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
55
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public
56
License along with this program; If not, see
57
<ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/licenses/"/>.
47
63
<refentrytitle>&COMMANDNAME;</refentrytitle>
48
64
<manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
52
68
<refname><command>&COMMANDNAME;</command></refname>
54
Gives encrypted passwords to authenticated Mandos clients
70
Sends encrypted passwords to authenticated Mandos clients
60
76
<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command>
62
<arg choice="plain"><option>--interface
63
<replaceable>NAME</replaceable></option></arg>
64
<arg choice="plain"><option>-i
65
<replaceable>NAME</replaceable></option></arg>
69
<arg choice="plain"><option>--address
70
<replaceable>ADDRESS</replaceable></option></arg>
71
<arg choice="plain"><option>-a
72
<replaceable>ADDRESS</replaceable></option></arg>
76
<arg choice="plain"><option>--port
77
<replaceable>PORT</replaceable></option></arg>
78
<arg choice="plain"><option>-p
79
<replaceable>PORT</replaceable></option></arg>
82
<arg><option>--priority
83
<replaceable>PRIORITY</replaceable></option></arg>
85
<arg><option>--servicename
86
<replaceable>NAME</replaceable></option></arg>
88
<arg><option>--configdir
89
<replaceable>DIRECTORY</replaceable></option></arg>
91
<arg><option>--debug</option></arg>
93
<arg><option>--debuglevel
94
<replaceable>LEVEL</replaceable></option></arg>
96
<arg><option>--no-dbus</option></arg>
98
<arg><option>--no-ipv6</option></arg>
100
<arg><option>--no-restore</option></arg>
102
<arg><option>--statedir
103
<replaceable>DIRECTORY</replaceable></option></arg>
105
<arg><option>--socket
106
<replaceable>FD</replaceable></option></arg>
108
<arg><option>--foreground</option></arg>
111
<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command>
113
<arg choice="plain"><option>--help</option></arg>
114
<arg choice="plain"><option>-h</option></arg>
118
<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command>
119
<arg choice="plain"><option>--version</option></arg>
122
<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command>
123
<arg choice="plain"><option>--check</option></arg>
77
<arg choice='opt'>--interface<arg choice='plain'>IF</arg></arg>
78
<arg choice='opt'>--address<arg choice='plain'>ADDRESS</arg></arg>
79
<arg choice='opt'>--port<arg choice='plain'>PORT</arg></arg>
80
<arg choice='opt'>--priority<arg choice='plain'>PRIORITY</arg></arg>
81
<arg choice='opt'>--servicename<arg choice='plain'>NAME</arg></arg>
82
<arg choice='opt'>--configdir<arg choice='plain'>DIRECTORY</arg></arg>
83
<arg choice='opt'>--debug</arg>
86
<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command>
87
<arg choice='opt'>-i<arg choice='plain'>IF</arg></arg>
88
<arg choice='opt'>-a<arg choice='plain'>ADDRESS</arg></arg>
89
<arg choice='opt'>-p<arg choice='plain'>PORT</arg></arg>
90
<arg choice='opt'>--priority<arg choice='plain'>PRIORITY</arg></arg>
91
<arg choice='opt'>--servicename<arg choice='plain'>NAME</arg></arg>
92
<arg choice='opt'>--configdir<arg choice='plain'>DIRECTORY</arg></arg>
93
<arg choice='opt'>--debug</arg>
96
<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command>
97
<arg choice='plain'>--help</arg>
100
<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command>
101
<arg choice='plain'>--version</arg>
104
<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command>
105
<arg choice='plain'>--check</arg>
125
107
</refsynopsisdiv>
127
109
<refsect1 id="description">
128
110
<title>DESCRIPTION</title>
130
112
<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command> is a server daemon which
131
113
handles incoming request for passwords for a pre-defined list of
132
client host computers. For an introduction, see
133
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>intro</refentrytitle>
134
<manvolnum>8mandos</manvolnum></citerefentry>. The Mandos server
135
uses Zeroconf to announce itself on the local network, and uses
136
TLS to communicate securely with and to authenticate the
137
clients. The Mandos server uses IPv6 to allow Mandos clients to
138
use IPv6 link-local addresses, since the clients will probably
139
not have any other addresses configured (see <xref
140
linkend="overview"/>). Any authenticated client is then given
141
the stored pre-encrypted password for that specific client.
114
client host computers. The Mandos server uses Zeroconf to
115
announce itself on the local network, and uses GnuTLS to
116
communicate securely with and to authenticate the clients.
117
Mandos uses IPv6 link-local addresses, since the clients are
118
assumed to not have any other addresses configured. Any
119
authenticated client is then given the pre-encrypted password
120
for that specific client.
145
125
<refsect1 id="purpose">
146
126
<title>PURPOSE</title>
148
129
The purpose of this is to enable <emphasis>remote and unattended
149
rebooting</emphasis> of client host computer with an
150
<emphasis>encrypted root file system</emphasis>. See <xref
151
linkend="overview"/> for details.
130
rebooting</emphasis> of any client host computer with an
131
<emphasis>encrypted root file system</emphasis>. The client
132
host computer should start a Mandos client in the initial RAM
133
disk environment, the Mandos client program communicates with
134
this server program to get an encrypted password, which is then
135
decrypted and used to unlock the encrypted root file system.
136
The client host computer can then continue its boot sequence
155
142
<refsect1 id="options">
156
143
<title>OPTIONS</title>
159
<term><option>--help</option></term>
160
<term><option>-h</option></term>
147
<term><literal>-h</literal>, <literal>--help</literal></term>
163
150
Show a help message and exit
169
<term><option>--interface</option>
170
<replaceable>NAME</replaceable></term>
171
<term><option>-i</option>
172
<replaceable>NAME</replaceable></term>
174
<xi:include href="mandos-options.xml" xpointer="interface"/>
179
<term><option>--address
180
<replaceable>ADDRESS</replaceable></option></term>
182
<replaceable>ADDRESS</replaceable></option></term>
184
<xi:include href="mandos-options.xml" xpointer="address"/>
190
<replaceable>PORT</replaceable></option></term>
192
<replaceable>PORT</replaceable></option></term>
194
<xi:include href="mandos-options.xml" xpointer="port"/>
199
<term><option>--check</option></term>
202
Run the server’s self-tests. This includes any unit
156
<term><literal>-i</literal>, <literal>--interface <replaceable>
157
IF</replaceable></literal></term>
160
Only announce the server and listen to requests on network
161
interface <replaceable>IF</replaceable>. Default is to
162
use all available interfaces.
168
<term><literal>-a</literal>, <literal>--address <replaceable>
169
ADDRESS</replaceable></literal></term>
172
If this option is used, the server will only listen to a
173
specific address. This must currently be an IPv6 address;
174
an IPv4 address can be specified using the
175
<quote><literal>::FFFF:192.0.2.3</literal></quote> syntax.
176
Also, if a link-local address is specified, an interface
177
should be set, since a link-local address is only valid on
178
a single interface. By default, the server will listen to
179
all available addresses.
185
<term><literal>-p</literal>, <literal>--port <replaceable>
186
PORT</replaceable></literal></term>
189
If this option is used, the server to bind to that
190
port. By default, the server will listen to an arbitrary
191
port given by the operating system.
197
<term><literal>--check</literal></term>
200
Run the server's self-tests. This includes any unit
209
<term><option>--debug</option></term>
211
<xi:include href="mandos-options.xml" xpointer="debug"/>
216
<term><option>--debuglevel
217
<replaceable>LEVEL</replaceable></option></term>
220
Set the debugging log level.
221
<replaceable>LEVEL</replaceable> is a string, one of
222
<quote><literal>CRITICAL</literal></quote>,
223
<quote><literal>ERROR</literal></quote>,
224
<quote><literal>WARNING</literal></quote>,
225
<quote><literal>INFO</literal></quote>, or
226
<quote><literal>DEBUG</literal></quote>, in order of
227
increasing verbosity. The default level is
228
<quote><literal>WARNING</literal></quote>.
234
<term><option>--priority <replaceable>
235
PRIORITY</replaceable></option></term>
237
<xi:include href="mandos-options.xml"
238
xpointer="priority_compat"/>
243
<term><option>--servicename
244
<replaceable>NAME</replaceable></option></term>
246
<xi:include href="mandos-options.xml"
247
xpointer="servicename"/>
252
<term><option>--configdir
253
<replaceable>DIRECTORY</replaceable></option></term>
207
<term><literal>--debug</literal></term>
210
If the server is run in debug mode, it will run in the
211
foreground and print a lot of debugging information. The
212
default is <emphasis>not</emphasis> to run in debug mode.
218
<term><literal>--priority <replaceable>
219
PRIORITY</replaceable></literal></term>
222
GnuTLS priority string for the TLS handshake with the
224
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>gnutls_priority_init
225
</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>
226
for the syntax. The default is
227
<quote><literal>SECURE256:!CTYPE-X.509:+CTYPE-OPENPGP</literal></quote>.
228
<emphasis>Warning</emphasis>: changing this may make the
229
TLS handshake fail, making communication with clients
236
<term><literal>--servicename <replaceable>NAME</replaceable>
240
Zeroconf service name. The default is
241
<quote><literal>Mandos</literal></quote>. You only need
242
to change this if you for some reason want to run more
243
than one server on the same <emphasis>host</emphasis>,
244
which would not normally be useful. If there are name
245
collisions on the same <emphasis>network</emphasis>, the
246
newer server will automatically rename itself to
247
<quote><literal>Mandos #2</literal></quote>, and so on,
248
therefore this option is not needed in that case.
254
<term><literal>--configdir <replaceable>DIR</replaceable>
256
258
Directory to search for configuration files. Default is
394
334
</tbody></tgroup></table>
397
337
<refsect1 id="checking">
398
338
<title>CHECKING</title>
400
340
The server will, by default, continually check that the clients
401
341
are still up. If a client has not been confirmed as being up
402
342
for some time, the client is assumed to be compromised and is no
403
longer eligible to receive the encrypted password. (Manual
404
intervention is required to re-enable a client.) The timeout,
405
extended timeout, checker program, and interval between checks
406
can be configured both globally and per client; see
407
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>mandos-clients.conf</refentrytitle>
343
longer eligible to receive the encrypted password. The timeout,
344
checker program and interval between checks can be configured
345
both globally and per client; see <citerefentry>
346
<refentrytitle>mandos.conf</refentrytitle>
347
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> and <citerefentry>
348
<refentrytitle>mandos-clients.conf</refentrytitle>
408
349
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
412
<refsect1 id="approval">
413
<title>APPROVAL</title>
415
The server can be configured to require manual approval for a
416
client before it is sent its secret. The delay to wait for such
417
approval and the default action (approve or deny) can be
418
configured both globally and per client; see <citerefentry>
419
<refentrytitle>mandos-clients.conf</refentrytitle>
420
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>. By default all clients
421
will be approved immediately without delay.
424
This can be used to deny a client its secret if not manually
425
approved within a specified time. It can also be used to make
426
the server delay before giving a client its secret, allowing
427
optional manual denying of this specific client.
432
353
<refsect1 id="logging">
433
354
<title>LOGGING</title>
435
The server will send log message with various severity levels to
436
<filename class="devicefile">/dev/log</filename>. With the
356
The server will send log messaged with various severity levels
357
to <filename>/dev/log</filename>. With the
437
358
<option>--debug</option> option, it will log even more messages,
438
359
and also show them on the console.
442
<refsect1 id="persistent_state">
443
<title>PERSISTENT STATE</title>
445
Client settings, initially read from
446
<filename>clients.conf</filename>, are persistent across
447
restarts, and run-time changes will override settings in
448
<filename>clients.conf</filename>. However, if a setting is
449
<emphasis>changed</emphasis> (or a client added, or removed) in
450
<filename>clients.conf</filename>, this will take precedence.
454
<refsect1 id="dbus_interface">
455
<title>D-BUS INTERFACE</title>
457
The server will by default provide a D-Bus system bus interface.
458
This interface will only be accessible by the root user or a
459
Mandos-specific user, if such a user exists. For documentation
460
of the D-Bus API, see the file <filename>DBUS-API</filename>.
464
363
<refsect1 id="exit_status">
465
364
<title>EXIT STATUS</title>
638
481
itself and looks up the fingerprint in its list of
639
482
clients. The <filename>clients.conf</filename> file (see
640
483
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>mandos-clients.conf</refentrytitle>
641
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>)
642
<emphasis>must</emphasis> be made non-readable by anyone
643
except the user starting the server (usually root).
646
As detailed in <xref linkend="checking"/>, the status of all
647
client computers will continually be checked and be assumed
648
compromised if they are gone for too long.
484
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>) must be non-readable
485
by anyone except the user running the server.
651
488
For more details on client-side security, see
652
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>mandos-client</refentrytitle>
489
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>password-request</refentrytitle>
653
490
<manvolnum>8mandos</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
658
495
<refsect1 id="see_also">
659
496
<title>SEE ALSO</title>
661
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>intro</refentrytitle>
662
<manvolnum>8mandos</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
663
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>mandos-clients.conf</refentrytitle>
664
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
665
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>mandos.conf</refentrytitle>
666
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
667
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>mandos-client</refentrytitle>
668
<manvolnum>8mandos</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
669
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>sh</refentrytitle>
670
<manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>
675
<ulink url="http://www.zeroconf.org/">Zeroconf</ulink>
679
Zeroconf is the network protocol standard used by clients
680
for finding this Mandos server on the local network.
686
<ulink url="http://www.avahi.org/">Avahi</ulink>
690
Avahi is the library this server calls to implement
691
Zeroconf service announcements.
697
<ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/software/gnutls/"
702
GnuTLS is the library this server uses to implement TLS for
703
communicating securely with the client, and at the same time
704
confidently get the client’s public OpenPGP key.
710
RFC 4291: <citetitle>IP Version 6 Addressing
711
Architecture</citetitle>
716
<term>Section 2.2: <citetitle>Text Representation of
717
Addresses</citetitle></term>
718
<listitem><para/></listitem>
721
<term>Section 2.5.5.2: <citetitle>IPv4-Mapped IPv6
722
Address</citetitle></term>
723
<listitem><para/></listitem>
726
<term>Section 2.5.6, <citetitle>Link-Local IPv6 Unicast
727
Addresses</citetitle></term>
730
The clients use IPv6 link-local addresses, which are
731
immediately usable since a link-local addresses is
732
automatically assigned to a network interfaces when it
742
RFC 4346: <citetitle>The Transport Layer Security (TLS)
743
Protocol Version 1.1</citetitle>
747
TLS 1.1 is the protocol implemented by GnuTLS.
753
RFC 4880: <citetitle>OpenPGP Message Format</citetitle>
757
The data sent to clients is binary encrypted OpenPGP data.
763
RFC 5081: <citetitle>Using OpenPGP Keys for Transport Layer
768
This is implemented by GnuTLS and used by this server so
769
that OpenPGP keys can be used.
497
<itemizedlist spacing="compact">
499
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>password-request</refentrytitle>
500
<manvolnum>8mandos</manvolnum></citerefentry>
504
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>plugin-runner</refentrytitle>
505
<manvolnum>8mandos</manvolnum></citerefentry>
509
<ulink url="http://www.zeroconf.org/">Zeroconf</ulink>
513
<ulink url="http://www.avahi.org/">Avahi</ulink>
518
url="http://www.gnu.org/software/gnutls/">GnuTLS</ulink>
522
<citation>RFC 4880: <citetitle>OpenPGP Message
523
Format</citetitle></citation>
527
<citation>RFC 5081: <citetitle>Using OpenPGP Keys for
528
Transport Layer Security</citetitle></citation>
532
<citation>RFC 4291: <citetitle>IP Version 6 Addressing
533
Architecture</citetitle>, section 2.5.6, Link-Local IPv6
534
Unicast Addresses</citation>
776
<!-- Local Variables: -->
777
<!-- time-stamp-start: "<!ENTITY TIMESTAMP [\"']" -->
778
<!-- time-stamp-end: "[\"']>" -->
779
<!-- time-stamp-format: "%:y-%02m-%02d" -->