19
19
<firstname>Björn</firstname>
20
20
<surname>Påhlsson</surname>
22
<email>belorn@fukt.bsnet.se</email>
22
<email>belorn@recompile.se</email>
26
26
<firstname>Teddy</firstname>
27
27
<surname>Hogeborn</surname>
29
<email>teddy@fukt.bsnet.se</email>
29
<email>teddy@recompile.se</email>
36
45
<holder>Teddy Hogeborn</holder>
37
46
<holder>Björn Påhlsson</holder>
87
96
<arg><option>--debug</option></arg>
98
<arg><option>--debuglevel
99
<replaceable>LEVEL</replaceable></option></arg>
101
<arg><option>--no-dbus</option></arg>
89
103
<arg><option>--no-ipv6</option></arg>
105
<arg><option>--no-restore</option></arg>
107
<arg><option>--statedir
108
<replaceable>DIRECTORY</replaceable></option></arg>
110
<arg><option>--socket
111
<replaceable>FD</replaceable></option></arg>
113
<arg><option>--foreground</option></arg>
115
<arg><option>--no-zeroconf</option></arg>
92
118
<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command>
111
137
<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command> is a server daemon which
112
138
handles incoming request for passwords for a pre-defined list of
113
client host computers. The Mandos server uses Zeroconf to
114
announce itself on the local network, and uses TLS to
115
communicate securely with and to authenticate the clients. The
116
Mandos server uses IPv6 to allow Mandos clients to use IPv6
117
link-local addresses, since the clients will probably not have
118
any other addresses configured (see <xref linkend="overview"/>).
119
Any authenticated client is then given the stored pre-encrypted
120
password for that specific client.
139
client host computers. For an introduction, see
140
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>intro</refentrytitle>
141
<manvolnum>8mandos</manvolnum></citerefentry>. The Mandos server
142
uses Zeroconf to announce itself on the local network, and uses
143
TLS to communicate securely with and to authenticate the
144
clients. The Mandos server uses IPv6 to allow Mandos clients to
145
use IPv6 link-local addresses, since the clients will probably
146
not have any other addresses configured (see <xref
147
linkend="overview"/>). Any authenticated client is then given
148
the stored pre-encrypted password for that specific client.
223
<term><option>--debuglevel
224
<replaceable>LEVEL</replaceable></option></term>
227
Set the debugging log level.
228
<replaceable>LEVEL</replaceable> is a string, one of
229
<quote><literal>CRITICAL</literal></quote>,
230
<quote><literal>ERROR</literal></quote>,
231
<quote><literal>WARNING</literal></quote>,
232
<quote><literal>INFO</literal></quote>, or
233
<quote><literal>DEBUG</literal></quote>, in order of
234
increasing verbosity. The default level is
235
<quote><literal>WARNING</literal></quote>.
195
241
<term><option>--priority <replaceable>
196
242
PRIORITY</replaceable></option></term>
282
<term><option>--no-dbus</option></term>
284
<xi:include href="mandos-options.xml" xpointer="dbus"/>
286
See also <xref linkend="dbus_interface"/>.
236
292
<term><option>--no-ipv6</option></term>
238
294
<xi:include href="mandos-options.xml" xpointer="ipv6"/>
299
<term><option>--no-restore</option></term>
301
<xi:include href="mandos-options.xml" xpointer="restore"/>
303
See also <xref linkend="persistent_state"/>.
309
<term><option>--statedir
310
<replaceable>DIRECTORY</replaceable></option></term>
312
<xi:include href="mandos-options.xml" xpointer="statedir"/>
317
<term><option>--socket
318
<replaceable>FD</replaceable></option></term>
320
<xi:include href="mandos-options.xml" xpointer="socket"/>
325
<term><option>--foreground</option></term>
327
<xi:include href="mandos-options.xml"
328
xpointer="foreground"/>
333
<term><option>--no-zeroconf</option></term>
335
<xi:include href="mandos-options.xml" xpointer="zeroconf"/>
263
361
start a TLS protocol handshake with a slight quirk: the Mandos
264
362
server program acts as a TLS <quote>client</quote> while the
265
363
connecting Mandos client acts as a TLS <quote>server</quote>.
266
The Mandos client must supply an OpenPGP certificate, and the
267
fingerprint of this certificate is used by the Mandos server to
268
look up (in a list read from <filename>clients.conf</filename>
269
at start time) which binary blob to give the client. No other
270
authentication or authorization is done by the server.
364
The Mandos client must supply a TLS public key, and the key ID
365
of this public key is used by the Mandos server to look up (in a
366
list read from <filename>clients.conf</filename> at start time)
367
which binary blob to give the client. No other authentication
368
or authorization is done by the server.
273
371
<title>Mandos Protocol (Version 1)</title><tgroup cols="3"><thead>
317
415
for some time, the client is assumed to be compromised and is no
318
416
longer eligible to receive the encrypted password. (Manual
319
417
intervention is required to re-enable a client.) The timeout,
320
checker program, and interval between checks can be configured
321
both globally and per client; see <citerefentry>
418
extended timeout, checker program, and interval between checks
419
can be configured both globally and per client; see
420
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>mandos-clients.conf</refentrytitle>
421
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
425
<refsect1 id="approval">
426
<title>APPROVAL</title>
428
The server can be configured to require manual approval for a
429
client before it is sent its secret. The delay to wait for such
430
approval and the default action (approve or deny) can be
431
configured both globally and per client; see <citerefentry>
322
432
<refentrytitle>mandos-clients.conf</refentrytitle>
323
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>. A client successfully
324
receiving its password will also be treated as a successful
433
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>. By default all clients
434
will be approved immediately without delay.
437
This can be used to deny a client its secret if not manually
438
approved within a specified time. It can also be used to make
439
the server delay before giving a client its secret, allowing
440
optional manual denying of this specific client.
329
445
<refsect1 id="logging">
330
446
<title>LOGGING</title>
332
448
The server will send log message with various severity levels to
333
<filename>/dev/log</filename>. With the
449
<filename class="devicefile">/dev/log</filename>. With the
334
450
<option>--debug</option> option, it will log even more messages,
335
451
and also show them on the console.
455
<refsect1 id="persistent_state">
456
<title>PERSISTENT STATE</title>
458
Client settings, initially read from
459
<filename>clients.conf</filename>, are persistent across
460
restarts, and run-time changes will override settings in
461
<filename>clients.conf</filename>. However, if a setting is
462
<emphasis>changed</emphasis> (or a client added, or removed) in
463
<filename>clients.conf</filename>, this will take precedence.
467
<refsect1 id="dbus_interface">
468
<title>D-BUS INTERFACE</title>
470
The server will by default provide a D-Bus system bus interface.
471
This interface will only be accessible by the root user or a
472
Mandos-specific user, if such a user exists. For documentation
473
of the D-Bus API, see the file <filename>DBUS-API</filename>.
339
477
<refsect1 id="exit_status">
340
478
<title>EXIT STATUS</title>
396
<term><filename>/var/run/mandos.pid</filename></term>
399
The file containing the process id of
400
<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command>.
405
<term><filename>/dev/log</filename></term>
534
<term><filename>/run/mandos.pid</filename></term>
537
The file containing the process id of the
538
<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command> process started last.
539
<emphasis >Note:</emphasis> If the <filename
540
class="directory">/run</filename> directory does not
541
exist, <filename>/var/run/mandos.pid</filename> will be
548
class="directory">/var/lib/mandos</filename></term>
551
Directory where persistent state will be saved. Change
552
this with the <option>--statedir</option> option. See
553
also the <option>--no-restore</option> option.
558
<term><filename class="devicefile">/dev/log</filename></term>
408
561
The Unix domain socket to where local syslog messages are
431
584
backtrace. This could be considered a feature.
434
Currently, if a client is declared <quote>invalid</quote> due to
435
having timed out, the server does not record this fact onto
436
permanent storage. This has some security implications, see
437
<xref linkend="clients"/>.
440
There is currently no way of querying the server of the current
441
status of clients, other than analyzing its <systemitem
442
class="service">syslog</systemitem> output.
445
587
There is no fine-grained control over logging and debug output.
448
Debug mode is conflated with running in the foreground.
451
The console log messages do not show a time stamp.
454
This server does not check the expire time of clients’ OpenPGP
589
<xi:include href="bugs.xml"/>
459
592
<refsect1 id="example">
469
602
<informalexample>
471
604
Run the server in debug mode, read configuration files from
472
the <filename>~/mandos</filename> directory, and use the
473
Zeroconf service name <quote>Test</quote> to not collide with
474
any other official Mandos server on this host:
605
the <filename class="directory">~/mandos</filename> directory,
606
and use the Zeroconf service name <quote>Test</quote> to not
607
collide with any other official Mandos server on this host:
509
642
<title>CLIENTS</title>
511
644
The server only gives out its stored data to clients which
512
does have the OpenPGP key of the stored fingerprint. This is
513
guaranteed by the fact that the client sends its OpenPGP
514
public key in the TLS handshake; this ensures it to be
515
genuine. The server computes the fingerprint of the key
516
itself and looks up the fingerprint in its list of
517
clients. The <filename>clients.conf</filename> file (see
645
does have the correct key ID of the stored key ID. This is
646
guaranteed by the fact that the client sends its public key in
647
the TLS handshake; this ensures it to be genuine. The server
648
computes the key ID of the key itself and looks up the key ID
649
in its list of clients. The <filename>clients.conf</filename>
518
651
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>mandos-clients.conf</refentrytitle>
519
652
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>)
520
653
<emphasis>must</emphasis> be made non-readable by anyone
526
659
compromised if they are gone for too long.
529
If a client is compromised, its downtime should be duly noted
530
by the server which would therefore declare the client
531
invalid. But if the server was ever restarted, it would
532
re-read its client list from its configuration file and again
533
regard all clients therein as valid, and hence eligible to
534
receive their passwords. Therefore, be careful when
535
restarting servers if it is suspected that a client has, in
536
fact, been compromised by parties who may now be running a
537
fake Mandos client with the keys from the non-encrypted
538
initial <acronym>RAM</acronym> image of the client host. What
539
should be done in that case (if restarting the server program
540
really is necessary) is to stop the server program, edit the
541
configuration file to omit any suspect clients, and restart
545
662
For more details on client-side security, see
546
663
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>mandos-client</refentrytitle>
547
664
<manvolnum>8mandos</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
552
669
<refsect1 id="see_also">
553
670
<title>SEE ALSO</title>
556
<refentrytitle>mandos-clients.conf</refentrytitle>
557
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry>
558
<refentrytitle>mandos.conf</refentrytitle>
559
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry>
560
<refentrytitle>mandos-client</refentrytitle>
561
<manvolnum>8mandos</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry>
562
<refentrytitle>sh</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum>
672
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>intro</refentrytitle>
673
<manvolnum>8mandos</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
674
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>mandos-clients.conf</refentrytitle>
675
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
676
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>mandos.conf</refentrytitle>
677
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
678
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>mandos-client</refentrytitle>
679
<manvolnum>8mandos</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
680
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>sh</refentrytitle>
681
<manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>
656
RFC 5081: <citetitle>Using OpenPGP Keys for Transport Layer
661
This is implemented by GnuTLS and used by this server so
662
that OpenPGP keys can be used.
773
RFC 7250: <citetitle>Using Raw Public Keys in Transport
774
Layer Security (TLS) and Datagram Transport Layer Security
779
This is implemented by GnuTLS version 3.6.6 and is, if
780
present, used by this server so that raw public keys can be
787
RFC 6091: <citetitle>Using OpenPGP Keys for Transport Layer
788
Security (TLS) Authentication</citetitle>
792
This is implemented by GnuTLS before version 3.6.0 and is,
793
if present, used by this server so that OpenPGP keys can be