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mandos-monitor
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3
# 
4
4
# Mandos Monitor - Control and monitor the Mandos server
5
5
# 
6
 
# Copyright © 2009-2015 Teddy Hogeborn
7
 
# Copyright © 2009-2015 Björn Påhlsson
 
6
# Copyright © 2009-2012 Teddy Hogeborn
 
7
# Copyright © 2009-2012 Björn Påhlsson
8
8
# 
9
9
# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
10
10
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
17
17
#     GNU General Public License for more details.
18
18
# 
19
19
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
20
 
# along with this program.  If not, see
21
 
# <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 
20
# along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
22
21
# 
23
22
# Contact the authors at <mandos@recompile.se>.
24
23
# 
25
24
 
26
25
from __future__ import (division, absolute_import, print_function,
27
26
                        unicode_literals)
28
 
try:
29
 
    from future_builtins import *
30
 
except ImportError:
31
 
    pass
32
27
 
33
28
import sys
34
29
import os
 
30
import signal
35
31
 
36
32
import datetime
37
33
 
39
35
import urwid
40
36
 
41
37
from dbus.mainloop.glib import DBusGMainLoop
42
 
try:
43
 
    import gobject
44
 
except ImportError:
45
 
    from gi.repository import GObject as gobject
 
38
import gobject
46
39
 
47
40
import dbus
48
41
 
 
42
import UserList
 
43
 
49
44
import locale
50
45
 
51
 
if sys.version_info.major == 2:
52
 
    str = unicode
53
 
 
54
46
locale.setlocale(locale.LC_ALL, '')
55
47
 
56
48
import logging
60
52
domain = 'se.recompile'
61
53
server_interface = domain + '.Mandos'
62
54
client_interface = domain + '.Mandos.Client'
63
 
version = "1.6.9"
 
55
version = "1.5.3"
 
56
 
 
57
# Always run in monochrome mode
 
58
urwid.curses_display.curses.has_colors = lambda : False
 
59
 
 
60
# Urwid doesn't support blinking, but we want it.  Since we have no
 
61
# use for underline on its own, we make underline also always blink.
 
62
urwid.curses_display.curses.A_UNDERLINE |= (
 
63
    urwid.curses_display.curses.A_BLINK)
64
64
 
65
65
def isoformat_to_datetime(iso):
66
66
    "Parse an ISO 8601 date string to a datetime.datetime()"
83
83
    properties and calls a hook function when any of them are
84
84
    changed.
85
85
    """
86
 
    def __init__(self, proxy_object=None, properties=None, **kwargs):
 
86
    def __init__(self, proxy_object=None, *args, **kwargs):
87
87
        self.proxy = proxy_object # Mandos Client proxy object
88
 
        self.properties = dict() if properties is None else properties
 
88
        
 
89
        self.properties = dict()
89
90
        self.property_changed_match = (
90
 
            self.proxy.connect_to_signal("PropertiesChanged",
91
 
                                         self.properties_changed,
92
 
                                         dbus.PROPERTIES_IFACE,
 
91
            self.proxy.connect_to_signal("PropertyChanged",
 
92
                                         self.property_changed,
 
93
                                         client_interface,
93
94
                                         byte_arrays=True))
94
95
        
95
 
        if properties is None:
96
 
            self.properties.update(
97
 
                self.proxy.GetAll(client_interface,
98
 
                                  dbus_interface
99
 
                                  = dbus.PROPERTIES_IFACE))
100
 
        
101
 
        super(MandosClientPropertyCache, self).__init__(**kwargs)
 
96
        self.properties.update(
 
97
            self.proxy.GetAll(client_interface,
 
98
                              dbus_interface = dbus.PROPERTIES_IFACE))
 
99
 
 
100
        #XXX This breaks good super behaviour
 
101
#        super(MandosClientPropertyCache, self).__init__(
 
102
#            *args, **kwargs)
102
103
    
103
 
    def properties_changed(self, interface, properties, invalidated):
104
 
        """This is called whenever we get a PropertiesChanged signal
105
 
        It updates the changed properties in the "properties" dict.
 
104
    def property_changed(self, property=None, value=None):
 
105
        """This is called whenever we get a PropertyChanged signal
 
106
        It updates the changed property in the "properties" dict.
106
107
        """
107
108
        # Update properties dict with new value
108
 
        self.properties.update(properties)
 
109
        self.properties[property] = value
109
110
    
110
 
    def delete(self):
 
111
    def delete(self, *args, **kwargs):
111
112
        self.property_changed_match.remove()
 
113
        super(MandosClientPropertyCache, self).__init__(
 
114
            *args, **kwargs)
112
115
 
113
116
 
114
117
class MandosClientWidget(urwid.FlowWidget, MandosClientPropertyCache):
116
119
    """
117
120
    
118
121
    def __init__(self, server_proxy_object=None, update_hook=None,
119
 
                 delete_hook=None, logger=None, **kwargs):
 
122
                 delete_hook=None, logger=None, *args, **kwargs):
120
123
        # Called on update
121
124
        self.update_hook = update_hook
122
125
        # Called on delete
127
130
        self.logger = logger
128
131
        
129
132
        self._update_timer_callback_tag = None
 
133
        self._update_timer_callback_lock = 0
130
134
        
131
135
        # The widget shown normally
132
136
        self._text_widget = urwid.Text("")
133
137
        # The widget shown when we have focus
134
138
        self._focus_text_widget = urwid.Text("")
135
 
        super(MandosClientWidget, self).__init__(**kwargs)
 
139
        super(MandosClientWidget, self).__init__(
 
140
            update_hook=update_hook, delete_hook=delete_hook,
 
141
            *args, **kwargs)
136
142
        self.update()
137
143
        self.opened = False
138
144
        
 
145
        last_checked_ok = isoformat_to_datetime(self.properties
 
146
                                                ["LastCheckedOK"])
 
147
        
 
148
        if self.properties ["LastCheckerStatus"] != 0:
 
149
            self.using_timer(True)
 
150
        
 
151
        if self.need_approval:
 
152
            self.using_timer(True)
 
153
        
139
154
        self.match_objects = (
140
155
            self.proxy.connect_to_signal("CheckerCompleted",
141
156
                                         self.checker_completed,
157
172
                                         self.rejected,
158
173
                                         client_interface,
159
174
                                         byte_arrays=True))
160
 
        self.logger('Created client {}'
161
 
                    .format(self.properties["Name"]), level=0)
 
175
        #self.logger('Created client %s' % (self.properties["Name"]))
 
176
    
 
177
    def property_changed(self, property=None, value=None):
 
178
        super(self, MandosClientWidget).property_changed(property,
 
179
                                                         value)
 
180
        if property == "ApprovalPending":
 
181
            using_timer(bool(value))
 
182
        if property == "LastCheckerStatus":
 
183
            using_timer(value != 0)
 
184
            #self.logger('Checker for client %s (command "%s")'
 
185
            #            ' was successful'
 
186
            #            % (self.properties["Name"], command))
162
187
    
163
188
    def using_timer(self, flag):
164
189
        """Call this method with True or False when timer should be
165
190
        activated or deactivated.
166
191
        """
167
 
        if flag and self._update_timer_callback_tag is None:
 
192
        old = self._update_timer_callback_lock
 
193
        if flag:
 
194
            self._update_timer_callback_lock += 1
 
195
        else:
 
196
            self._update_timer_callback_lock -= 1
 
197
        if old == 0 and self._update_timer_callback_lock:
168
198
            # Will update the shown timer value every second
169
199
            self._update_timer_callback_tag = (gobject.timeout_add
170
200
                                               (1000,
171
201
                                                self.update_timer))
172
 
        elif not (flag or self._update_timer_callback_tag is None):
 
202
        elif old and self._update_timer_callback_lock == 0:
173
203
            gobject.source_remove(self._update_timer_callback_tag)
174
204
            self._update_timer_callback_tag = None
175
205
    
176
 
    def checker_completed(self, exitstatus, signal, command):
 
206
    def checker_completed(self, exitstatus, condition, command):
177
207
        if exitstatus == 0:
178
 
            self.logger('Checker for client {} (command "{}")'
179
 
                        ' succeeded'.format(self.properties["Name"],
180
 
                                            command), level=0)
181
208
            self.update()
182
209
            return
183
210
        # Checker failed
184
 
        if exitstatus >= 0:
185
 
            self.logger('Checker for client {} (command "{}") failed'
186
 
                        ' with exit code {}'
187
 
                        .format(self.properties["Name"], command,
188
 
                                exitstatus))
189
 
        elif signal != 0:
190
 
            self.logger('Checker for client {} (command "{}") was'
191
 
                        ' killed by signal {}'
192
 
                        .format(self.properties["Name"], command,
193
 
                                signal))
 
211
        if os.WIFEXITED(condition):
 
212
            self.logger('Checker for client %s (command "%s")'
 
213
                        ' failed with exit code %s'
 
214
                        % (self.properties["Name"], command,
 
215
                           os.WEXITSTATUS(condition)))
 
216
        elif os.WIFSIGNALED(condition):
 
217
            self.logger('Checker for client %s (command "%s")'
 
218
                        ' was killed by signal %s'
 
219
                        % (self.properties["Name"], command,
 
220
                           os.WTERMSIG(condition)))
 
221
        elif os.WCOREDUMP(condition):
 
222
            self.logger('Checker for client %s (command "%s")'
 
223
                        ' dumped core'
 
224
                        % (self.properties["Name"], command))
194
225
        else:
195
 
            self.logger('Checker for client {} completed'
196
 
                        ' mysteriously'
197
 
                        .format(self.properties["Name"]))
 
226
            self.logger('Checker for client %s completed'
 
227
                        ' mysteriously')
198
228
        self.update()
199
229
    
200
230
    def checker_started(self, command):
201
 
        """Server signals that a checker started."""
202
 
        self.logger('Client {} started checker "{}"'
203
 
                    .format(self.properties["Name"],
204
 
                            command), level=0)
 
231
        """Server signals that a checker started. This could be useful
 
232
           to log in the future. """
 
233
        #self.logger('Client %s started checker "%s"'
 
234
        #            % (self.properties["Name"], unicode(command)))
 
235
        pass
205
236
    
206
237
    def got_secret(self):
207
 
        self.logger('Client {} received its secret'
208
 
                    .format(self.properties["Name"]))
 
238
        self.logger('Client %s received its secret'
 
239
                    % self.properties["Name"])
209
240
    
210
241
    def need_approval(self, timeout, default):
211
242
        if not default:
212
 
            message = 'Client {} needs approval within {} seconds'
 
243
            message = 'Client %s needs approval within %s seconds'
213
244
        else:
214
 
            message = 'Client {} will get its secret in {} seconds'
215
 
        self.logger(message.format(self.properties["Name"],
216
 
                                   timeout/1000))
 
245
            message = 'Client %s will get its secret in %s seconds'
 
246
        self.logger(message
 
247
                    % (self.properties["Name"], timeout/1000))
 
248
        self.using_timer(True)
217
249
    
218
250
    def rejected(self, reason):
219
 
        self.logger('Client {} was rejected; reason: {}'
220
 
                    .format(self.properties["Name"], reason))
 
251
        self.logger('Client %s was rejected; reason: %s'
 
252
                    % (self.properties["Name"], reason))
221
253
    
222
254
    def selectable(self):
223
255
        """Make this a "selectable" widget.
245
277
                          "bold-underline-blink":
246
278
                              "bold-underline-blink-standout",
247
279
                          }
248
 
        
 
280
 
249
281
        # Rebuild focus and non-focus widgets using current properties
250
 
        
 
282
 
251
283
        # Base part of a client. Name!
252
 
        base = '{name}: '.format(name=self.properties["Name"])
 
284
        base = ('%(name)s: '
 
285
                      % {"name": self.properties["Name"]})
253
286
        if not self.properties["Enabled"]:
254
287
            message = "DISABLED"
255
 
            self.using_timer(False)
256
288
        elif self.properties["ApprovalPending"]:
257
289
            timeout = datetime.timedelta(milliseconds
258
290
                                         = self.properties
260
292
            last_approval_request = isoformat_to_datetime(
261
293
                self.properties["LastApprovalRequest"])
262
294
            if last_approval_request is not None:
263
 
                timer = max(timeout - (datetime.datetime.utcnow()
264
 
                                       - last_approval_request),
265
 
                            datetime.timedelta())
 
295
                timer = timeout - (datetime.datetime.utcnow()
 
296
                                   - last_approval_request)
266
297
            else:
267
298
                timer = datetime.timedelta()
268
299
            if self.properties["ApprovedByDefault"]:
269
 
                message = "Approval in {}. (d)eny?"
 
300
                message = "Approval in %s. (d)eny?"
270
301
            else:
271
 
                message = "Denial in {}. (a)pprove?"
272
 
            message = message.format(str(timer).rsplit(".", 1)[0])
273
 
            self.using_timer(True)
 
302
                message = "Denial in %s. (a)pprove?"
 
303
            message = message % unicode(timer).rsplit(".", 1)[0]
274
304
        elif self.properties["LastCheckerStatus"] != 0:
275
 
            # When checker has failed, show timer until client expires
 
305
            # When checker has failed, print a timer until client expires
276
306
            expires = self.properties["Expires"]
277
307
            if expires == "":
278
308
                timer = datetime.timedelta(0)
279
309
            else:
280
 
                expires = (datetime.datetime.strptime
281
 
                           (expires, '%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S.%f'))
282
 
                timer = max(expires - datetime.datetime.utcnow(),
283
 
                            datetime.timedelta())
 
310
                expires = datetime.datetime.strptime(expires,
 
311
                                                     '%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S.%f')
 
312
                timer = expires - datetime.datetime.utcnow()
284
313
            message = ('A checker has failed! Time until client'
285
 
                       ' gets disabled: {}'
286
 
                       .format(str(timer).rsplit(".", 1)[0]))
287
 
            self.using_timer(True)
 
314
                       ' gets disabled: %s'
 
315
                           % unicode(timer).rsplit(".", 1)[0])
288
316
        else:
289
317
            message = "enabled"
290
 
            self.using_timer(False)
291
 
        self._text = "{}{}".format(base, message)
292
 
        
 
318
        self._text = "%s%s" % (base, message)
 
319
            
293
320
        if not urwid.supports_unicode():
294
321
            self._text = self._text.encode("ascii", "replace")
295
322
        textlist = [("normal", self._text)]
312
339
        self.update()
313
340
        return True             # Keep calling this
314
341
    
315
 
    def delete(self, **kwargs):
 
342
    def delete(self, *args, **kwargs):
316
343
        if self._update_timer_callback_tag is not None:
317
344
            gobject.source_remove(self._update_timer_callback_tag)
318
345
            self._update_timer_callback_tag = None
321
348
        self.match_objects = ()
322
349
        if self.delete_hook is not None:
323
350
            self.delete_hook(self)
324
 
        return super(MandosClientWidget, self).delete(**kwargs)
 
351
        return super(MandosClientWidget, self).delete(*args, **kwargs)
325
352
    
326
353
    def render(self, maxcolrow, focus=False):
327
354
        """Render differently if we have focus.
369
396
        else:
370
397
            return key
371
398
    
372
 
    def properties_changed(self, interface, properties, invalidated):
373
 
        """Call self.update() if any properties changed.
 
399
    def property_changed(self, property=None, value=None,
 
400
                         *args, **kwargs):
 
401
        """Call self.update() if old value is not new value.
374
402
        This overrides the method from MandosClientPropertyCache"""
375
 
        old_values = { key: self.properties.get(key)
376
 
                       for key in properties.keys() }
377
 
        super(MandosClientWidget, self).properties_changed(
378
 
            interface, properties, invalidated)
379
 
        if any(old_values[key] != self.properties.get(key)
380
 
               for key in old_values):
 
403
        property_name = unicode(property)
 
404
        old_value = self.properties.get(property_name)
 
405
        super(MandosClientWidget, self).property_changed(
 
406
            property=property, value=value, *args, **kwargs)
 
407
        if self.properties.get(property_name) != old_value:
381
408
            self.update()
382
409
 
383
410
 
386
413
    "down" key presses, thus not allowing any containing widgets to
387
414
    use them as an excuse to shift focus away from this widget.
388
415
    """
389
 
    def keypress(self, *args, **kwargs):
390
 
        ret = super(ConstrainedListBox, self).keypress(*args, **kwargs)
 
416
    def keypress(self, maxcolrow, key):
 
417
        ret = super(ConstrainedListBox, self).keypress(maxcolrow, key)
391
418
        if ret in ("up", "down"):
392
419
            return
393
420
        return ret
397
424
    """This is the entire user interface - the whole screen
398
425
    with boxes, lists of client widgets, etc.
399
426
    """
400
 
    def __init__(self, max_log_length=1000, log_level=1):
 
427
    def __init__(self, max_log_length=1000):
401
428
        DBusGMainLoop(set_as_default=True)
402
429
        
403
430
        self.screen = urwid.curses_display.Screen()
406
433
                ("normal",
407
434
                 "default", "default", None),
408
435
                ("bold",
409
 
                 "bold", "default", "bold"),
 
436
                 "default", "default", "bold"),
410
437
                ("underline-blink",
411
 
                 "underline,blink", "default", "underline,blink"),
 
438
                 "default", "default", "underline"),
412
439
                ("standout",
413
 
                 "standout", "default", "standout"),
 
440
                 "default", "default", "standout"),
414
441
                ("bold-underline-blink",
415
 
                 "bold,underline,blink", "default", "bold,underline,blink"),
 
442
                 "default", "default", ("bold", "underline")),
416
443
                ("bold-standout",
417
 
                 "bold,standout", "default", "bold,standout"),
 
444
                 "default", "default", ("bold", "standout")),
418
445
                ("underline-blink-standout",
419
 
                 "underline,blink,standout", "default",
420
 
                 "underline,blink,standout"),
 
446
                 "default", "default", ("underline", "standout")),
421
447
                ("bold-underline-blink-standout",
422
 
                 "bold,underline,blink,standout", "default",
423
 
                 "bold,underline,blink,standout"),
 
448
                 "default", "default", ("bold", "underline",
 
449
                                          "standout")),
424
450
                ))
425
451
        
426
452
        if urwid.supports_unicode():
441
467
        self.log = []
442
468
        self.max_log_length = max_log_length
443
469
        
444
 
        self.log_level = log_level
445
 
        
446
470
        # We keep a reference to the log widget so we can remove it
447
471
        # from the ListWalker without it getting destroyed
448
472
        self.logbox = ConstrainedListBox(self.log)
462
486
        self.main_loop = gobject.MainLoop()
463
487
    
464
488
    def client_not_found(self, fingerprint, address):
465
 
        self.log_message("Client with address {} and fingerprint {}"
466
 
                         " could not be found"
467
 
                         .format(address, fingerprint))
 
489
        self.log_message(("Client with address %s and fingerprint %s"
 
490
                          " could not be found" % (address,
 
491
                                                    fingerprint)))
468
492
    
469
493
    def rebuild(self):
470
494
        """This rebuilds the User Interface.
482
506
            self.uilist.append(self.logbox)
483
507
        self.topwidget = urwid.Pile(self.uilist)
484
508
    
485
 
    def log_message(self, message, level=1):
486
 
        """Log message formatted with timestamp"""
487
 
        if level < self.log_level:
488
 
            return
 
509
    def log_message(self, message):
489
510
        timestamp = datetime.datetime.now().isoformat()
490
 
        self.log_message_raw("{}: {}".format(timestamp, message),
491
 
                             level=level)
 
511
        self.log_message_raw(timestamp + ": " + message)
492
512
    
493
 
    def log_message_raw(self, markup, level=1):
 
513
    def log_message_raw(self, markup):
494
514
        """Add a log message to the log buffer."""
495
 
        if level < self.log_level:
496
 
            return
497
515
        self.log.append(urwid.Text(markup, wrap=self.log_wrap))
498
516
        if (self.max_log_length
499
517
            and len(self.log) > self.max_log_length):
506
524
        """Toggle visibility of the log buffer."""
507
525
        self.log_visible = not self.log_visible
508
526
        self.rebuild()
509
 
        self.log_message("Log visibility changed to: {}"
510
 
                         .format(self.log_visible), level=0)
 
527
        #self.log_message("Log visibility changed to: "
 
528
        #                 + unicode(self.log_visible))
511
529
    
512
530
    def change_log_display(self):
513
531
        """Change type of log display.
518
536
            self.log_wrap = "clip"
519
537
        for textwidget in self.log:
520
538
            textwidget.set_wrap_mode(self.log_wrap)
521
 
        self.log_message("Wrap mode: {}".format(self.log_wrap),
522
 
                         level=0)
 
539
        #self.log_message("Wrap mode: " + self.log_wrap)
523
540
    
524
541
    def find_and_remove_client(self, path, name):
525
542
        """Find a client by its object path and remove it.
530
547
            client = self.clients_dict[path]
531
548
        except KeyError:
532
549
            # not found?
533
 
            self.log_message("Unknown client {!r} ({!r}) removed"
534
 
                             .format(name, path))
 
550
            self.log_message("Unknown client %r (%r) removed", name,
 
551
                             path)
535
552
            return
536
553
        client.delete()
537
554
    
554
571
        if path is None:
555
572
            path = client.proxy.object_path
556
573
        self.clients_dict[path] = client
557
 
        self.clients.sort(key=lambda c: c.properties["Name"])
 
574
        self.clients.sort(None, lambda c: c.properties["Name"])
558
575
        self.refresh()
559
576
    
560
577
    def remove_client(self, client, path=None):
562
579
        if path is None:
563
580
            path = client.proxy.object_path
564
581
        del self.clients_dict[path]
 
582
        if not self.clients_dict:
 
583
            # Work around bug in Urwid 0.9.8.3 - if a SimpleListWalker
 
584
            # is completely emptied, we need to recreate it.
 
585
            self.clients = urwid.SimpleListWalker([])
 
586
            self.rebuild()
565
587
        self.refresh()
566
588
    
567
589
    def refresh(self):
580
602
        try:
581
603
            mandos_clients = (self.mandos_serv
582
604
                              .GetAllClientsWithProperties())
583
 
            if not mandos_clients:
584
 
                self.log_message_raw(("bold", "Note: Server has no clients."))
585
605
        except dbus.exceptions.DBusException:
586
 
            self.log_message_raw(("bold", "Note: No Mandos server running."))
587
606
            mandos_clients = dbus.Dictionary()
588
607
        
589
608
        (self.mandos_serv
601
620
                            self.client_not_found,
602
621
                            dbus_interface=server_interface,
603
622
                            byte_arrays=True))
604
 
        for path, client in mandos_clients.items():
 
623
        for path, client in mandos_clients.iteritems():
605
624
            client_proxy_object = self.bus.get_object(self.busname,
606
625
                                                      path)
607
626
            self.add_client(MandosClientWidget(server_proxy_object
616
635
                                               logger
617
636
                                               =self.log_message),
618
637
                            path=path)
619
 
        
 
638
 
620
639
        self.refresh()
621
640
        self._input_callback_tag = (gobject.io_add_watch
622
641
                                    (sys.stdin.fileno(),
654
673
            elif key == "window resize":
655
674
                self.size = self.screen.get_cols_rows()
656
675
                self.refresh()
657
 
            elif key == "ctrl l":
658
 
                self.screen.clear()
 
676
            elif key == "\f":  # Ctrl-L
659
677
                self.refresh()
660
678
            elif key == "l" or key == "D":
661
679
                self.toggle_log_display()
673
691
                                            "?: Help",
674
692
                                            "l: Log window toggle",
675
693
                                            "TAB: Switch window",
676
 
                                            "w: Wrap (log lines)",
677
 
                                            "v: Toggle verbose log",
678
 
                                            ))))
 
694
                                            "w: Wrap (log)"))))
679
695
                self.log_message_raw(("bold",
680
696
                                      "  "
681
697
                                      .join(("Clients:",
694
710
                else:
695
711
                    self.topwidget.set_focus(self.logbox)
696
712
                self.refresh()
697
 
            elif key == "v":
698
 
                if self.log_level == 0:
699
 
                    self.log_level = 1
700
 
                    self.log_message("Verbose mode: Off")
701
 
                else:
702
 
                    self.log_level = 0
703
 
                    self.log_message("Verbose mode: On")
704
713
            #elif (key == "end" or key == "meta >" or key == "G"
705
714
            #      or key == ">"):
706
715
            #    pass            # xxx end-of-buffer
729
738
    ui.run()
730
739
except KeyboardInterrupt:
731
740
    ui.screen.stop()
732
 
except Exception as e:
733
 
    ui.log_message(str(e))
 
741
except Exception, e:
 
742
    ui.log_message(unicode(e))
734
743
    ui.screen.stop()
735
744
    raise