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* mandos-keygen (password): Remove bashism "${PIPESTATUS}".

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Lines of Context:
mandos
11
11
# and some lines in "main".
12
12
# 
13
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# Everything else is
14
 
# Copyright © 2007-2008 Teddy Hogeborn & Björn Påhlsson
 
14
# Copyright © 2008,2009 Teddy Hogeborn
 
15
# Copyright © 2008,2009 Björn Påhlsson
15
16
# 
16
17
# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
17
18
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
30
31
# Contact the authors at <mandos@fukt.bsnet.se>.
31
32
# 
32
33
 
33
 
from __future__ import division
 
34
from __future__ import division, with_statement, absolute_import
34
35
 
35
36
import SocketServer
36
37
import socket
37
 
import select
38
 
from optparse import OptionParser
 
38
import optparse
39
39
import datetime
40
40
import errno
41
41
import gnutls.crypto
55
55
import stat
56
56
import logging
57
57
import logging.handlers
 
58
import pwd
 
59
from contextlib import closing
58
60
 
59
61
import dbus
 
62
import dbus.service
60
63
import gobject
61
64
import avahi
62
65
from dbus.mainloop.glib import DBusGMainLoop
63
66
import ctypes
 
67
import ctypes.util
64
68
 
65
 
version = "1.0"
 
69
version = "1.0.5"
66
70
 
67
71
logger = logging.Logger('mandos')
68
 
syslogger = logging.handlers.SysLogHandler\
69
 
            (facility = logging.handlers.SysLogHandler.LOG_DAEMON,
70
 
             address = "/dev/log")
71
 
syslogger.setFormatter(logging.Formatter\
72
 
                        ('Mandos: %(levelname)s: %(message)s'))
 
72
syslogger = (logging.handlers.SysLogHandler
 
73
             (facility = logging.handlers.SysLogHandler.LOG_DAEMON,
 
74
              address = "/dev/log"))
 
75
syslogger.setFormatter(logging.Formatter
 
76
                       ('Mandos: %(levelname)s: %(message)s'))
73
77
logger.addHandler(syslogger)
74
78
 
75
79
console = logging.StreamHandler()
78
82
logger.addHandler(console)
79
83
 
80
84
class AvahiError(Exception):
81
 
    def __init__(self, value):
 
85
    def __init__(self, value, *args, **kwargs):
82
86
        self.value = value
83
 
    def __str__(self):
84
 
        return repr(self.value)
 
87
        super(AvahiError, self).__init__(value, *args, **kwargs)
 
88
    def __unicode__(self):
 
89
        return unicode(repr(self.value))
85
90
 
86
91
class AvahiServiceError(AvahiError):
87
92
    pass
107
112
                  a sensible number of times
108
113
    """
109
114
    def __init__(self, interface = avahi.IF_UNSPEC, name = None,
110
 
                 type = None, port = None, TXT = None, domain = "",
111
 
                 host = "", max_renames = 32768):
 
115
                 servicetype = None, port = None, TXT = None,
 
116
                 domain = "", host = "", max_renames = 32768):
112
117
        self.interface = interface
113
118
        self.name = name
114
 
        self.type = type
 
119
        self.type = servicetype
115
120
        self.port = port
116
 
        if TXT is None:
117
 
            self.TXT = []
118
 
        else:
119
 
            self.TXT = TXT
 
121
        self.TXT = TXT if TXT is not None else []
120
122
        self.domain = domain
121
123
        self.host = host
122
124
        self.rename_count = 0
126
128
        if self.rename_count >= self.max_renames:
127
129
            logger.critical(u"No suitable Zeroconf service name found"
128
130
                            u" after %i retries, exiting.",
129
 
                            rename_count)
130
 
            raise AvahiServiceError("Too many renames")
 
131
                            self.rename_count)
 
132
            raise AvahiServiceError(u"Too many renames")
131
133
        self.name = server.GetAlternativeServiceName(self.name)
132
134
        logger.info(u"Changing Zeroconf service name to %r ...",
133
135
                    str(self.name))
134
 
        syslogger.setFormatter(logging.Formatter\
 
136
        syslogger.setFormatter(logging.Formatter
135
137
                               ('Mandos (%s): %%(levelname)s:'
136
 
                               ' %%(message)s' % self.name))
 
138
                                ' %%(message)s' % self.name))
137
139
        self.remove()
138
140
        self.add()
139
141
        self.rename_count += 1
145
147
        """Derived from the Avahi example code"""
146
148
        global group
147
149
        if group is None:
148
 
            group = dbus.Interface\
149
 
                    (bus.get_object(avahi.DBUS_NAME,
 
150
            group = dbus.Interface(bus.get_object
 
151
                                   (avahi.DBUS_NAME,
150
152
                                    server.EntryGroupNew()),
151
 
                     avahi.DBUS_INTERFACE_ENTRY_GROUP)
 
153
                                   avahi.DBUS_INTERFACE_ENTRY_GROUP)
152
154
            group.connect_to_signal('StateChanged',
153
155
                                    entry_group_state_changed)
154
156
        logger.debug(u"Adding Zeroconf service '%s' of type '%s' ...",
168
170
# End of Avahi example code
169
171
 
170
172
 
171
 
class Client(object):
 
173
def _datetime_to_dbus(dt, variant_level=0):
 
174
    """Convert a UTC datetime.datetime() to a D-Bus type."""
 
175
    return dbus.String(dt.isoformat(), variant_level=variant_level)
 
176
 
 
177
 
 
178
class Client(dbus.service.Object):
172
179
    """A representation of a client host served by this server.
173
180
    Attributes:
174
 
    name:      string; from the config file, used in log messages
 
181
    name:       string; from the config file, used in log messages
175
182
    fingerprint: string (40 or 32 hexadecimal digits); used to
176
183
                 uniquely identify the client
177
 
    secret:    bytestring; sent verbatim (over TLS) to client
178
 
    host:      string; available for use by the checker command
179
 
    created:   datetime.datetime(); object creation, not client host
180
 
    last_checked_ok: datetime.datetime() or None if not yet checked OK
181
 
    timeout:   datetime.timedelta(); How long from last_checked_ok
182
 
                                     until this client is invalid
183
 
    interval:  datetime.timedelta(); How often to start a new checker
184
 
    stop_hook: If set, called by stop() as stop_hook(self)
185
 
    checker:   subprocess.Popen(); a running checker process used
186
 
                                   to see if the client lives.
187
 
                                   'None' if no process is running.
 
184
    secret:     bytestring; sent verbatim (over TLS) to client
 
185
    host:       string; available for use by the checker command
 
186
    created:    datetime.datetime(); (UTC) object creation
 
187
    last_enabled: datetime.datetime(); (UTC)
 
188
    enabled:    bool()
 
189
    last_checked_ok: datetime.datetime(); (UTC) or None
 
190
    timeout:    datetime.timedelta(); How long from last_checked_ok
 
191
                                      until this client is invalid
 
192
    interval:   datetime.timedelta(); How often to start a new checker
 
193
    disable_hook:  If set, called by disable() as disable_hook(self)
 
194
    checker:    subprocess.Popen(); a running checker process used
 
195
                                    to see if the client lives.
 
196
                                    'None' if no process is running.
188
197
    checker_initiator_tag: a gobject event source tag, or None
189
 
    stop_initiator_tag:    - '' -
 
198
    disable_initiator_tag:    - '' -
190
199
    checker_callback_tag:  - '' -
191
200
    checker_command: string; External command which is run to check if
192
201
                     client lives.  %() expansions are done at
193
202
                     runtime with vars(self) as dict, so that for
194
203
                     instance %(name)s can be used in the command.
195
 
    Private attibutes:
196
 
    _timeout: Real variable for 'timeout'
197
 
    _interval: Real variable for 'interval'
198
 
    _timeout_milliseconds: Used when calling gobject.timeout_add()
199
 
    _interval_milliseconds: - '' -
 
204
    use_dbus: bool(); Whether to provide D-Bus interface and signals
 
205
    dbus_object_path: dbus.ObjectPath ; only set if self.use_dbus
200
206
    """
201
 
    def _set_timeout(self, timeout):
202
 
        "Setter function for 'timeout' attribute"
203
 
        self._timeout = timeout
204
 
        self._timeout_milliseconds = ((self.timeout.days
205
 
                                       * 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000)
206
 
                                      + (self.timeout.seconds * 1000)
207
 
                                      + (self.timeout.microseconds
208
 
                                         // 1000))
209
 
    timeout = property(lambda self: self._timeout,
210
 
                       _set_timeout)
211
 
    del _set_timeout
212
 
    def _set_interval(self, interval):
213
 
        "Setter function for 'interval' attribute"
214
 
        self._interval = interval
215
 
        self._interval_milliseconds = ((self.interval.days
216
 
                                        * 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000)
217
 
                                       + (self.interval.seconds
218
 
                                          * 1000)
219
 
                                       + (self.interval.microseconds
220
 
                                          // 1000))
221
 
    interval = property(lambda self: self._interval,
222
 
                        _set_interval)
223
 
    del _set_interval
224
 
    def __init__(self, name = None, stop_hook=None, config={}):
 
207
    def timeout_milliseconds(self):
 
208
        "Return the 'timeout' attribute in milliseconds"
 
209
        return ((self.timeout.days * 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000)
 
210
                + (self.timeout.seconds * 1000)
 
211
                + (self.timeout.microseconds // 1000))
 
212
    
 
213
    def interval_milliseconds(self):
 
214
        "Return the 'interval' attribute in milliseconds"
 
215
        return ((self.interval.days * 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000)
 
216
                + (self.interval.seconds * 1000)
 
217
                + (self.interval.microseconds // 1000))
 
218
    
 
219
    def __init__(self, name = None, disable_hook=None, config=None,
 
220
                 use_dbus=True):
225
221
        """Note: the 'checker' key in 'config' sets the
226
222
        'checker_command' attribute and *not* the 'checker'
227
223
        attribute."""
228
224
        self.name = name
 
225
        if config is None:
 
226
            config = {}
229
227
        logger.debug(u"Creating client %r", self.name)
 
228
        self.use_dbus = use_dbus
 
229
        if self.use_dbus:
 
230
            self.dbus_object_path = (dbus.ObjectPath
 
231
                                     ("/Mandos/clients/"
 
232
                                      + self.name.replace(".", "_")))
 
233
            dbus.service.Object.__init__(self, bus,
 
234
                                         self.dbus_object_path)
230
235
        # Uppercase and remove spaces from fingerprint for later
231
236
        # comparison purposes with return value from the fingerprint()
232
237
        # function
233
 
        self.fingerprint = config["fingerprint"].upper()\
234
 
                           .replace(u" ", u"")
 
238
        self.fingerprint = (config["fingerprint"].upper()
 
239
                            .replace(u" ", u""))
235
240
        logger.debug(u"  Fingerprint: %s", self.fingerprint)
236
241
        if "secret" in config:
237
242
            self.secret = config["secret"].decode(u"base64")
238
243
        elif "secfile" in config:
239
 
            sf = open(config["secfile"])
240
 
            self.secret = sf.read()
241
 
            sf.close()
 
244
            with closing(open(os.path.expanduser
 
245
                              (os.path.expandvars
 
246
                               (config["secfile"])))) as secfile:
 
247
                self.secret = secfile.read()
242
248
        else:
243
249
            raise TypeError(u"No secret or secfile for client %s"
244
250
                            % self.name)
245
251
        self.host = config.get("host", "")
246
 
        self.created = datetime.datetime.now()
 
252
        self.created = datetime.datetime.utcnow()
 
253
        self.enabled = False
 
254
        self.last_enabled = None
247
255
        self.last_checked_ok = None
248
256
        self.timeout = string_to_delta(config["timeout"])
249
257
        self.interval = string_to_delta(config["interval"])
250
 
        self.stop_hook = stop_hook
 
258
        self.disable_hook = disable_hook
251
259
        self.checker = None
252
260
        self.checker_initiator_tag = None
253
 
        self.stop_initiator_tag = None
 
261
        self.disable_initiator_tag = None
254
262
        self.checker_callback_tag = None
255
 
        self.check_command = config["checker"]
256
 
    def start(self):
 
263
        self.checker_command = config["checker"]
 
264
    
 
265
    def enable(self):
257
266
        """Start this client's checker and timeout hooks"""
 
267
        self.last_enabled = datetime.datetime.utcnow()
258
268
        # Schedule a new checker to be started an 'interval' from now,
259
269
        # and every interval from then on.
260
 
        self.checker_initiator_tag = gobject.timeout_add\
261
 
                                     (self._interval_milliseconds,
262
 
                                      self.start_checker)
 
270
        self.checker_initiator_tag = (gobject.timeout_add
 
271
                                      (self.interval_milliseconds(),
 
272
                                       self.start_checker))
263
273
        # Also start a new checker *right now*.
264
274
        self.start_checker()
265
 
        # Schedule a stop() when 'timeout' has passed
266
 
        self.stop_initiator_tag = gobject.timeout_add\
267
 
                                  (self._timeout_milliseconds,
268
 
                                   self.stop)
269
 
    def stop(self):
270
 
        """Stop this client.
271
 
        The possibility that a client might be restarted is left open,
272
 
        but not currently used."""
273
 
        # If this client doesn't have a secret, it is already stopped.
274
 
        if hasattr(self, "secret") and self.secret:
275
 
            logger.info(u"Stopping client %s", self.name)
276
 
            self.secret = None
277
 
        else:
 
275
        # Schedule a disable() when 'timeout' has passed
 
276
        self.disable_initiator_tag = (gobject.timeout_add
 
277
                                   (self.timeout_milliseconds(),
 
278
                                    self.disable))
 
279
        self.enabled = True
 
280
        if self.use_dbus:
 
281
            # Emit D-Bus signals
 
282
            self.PropertyChanged(dbus.String(u"enabled"),
 
283
                                 dbus.Boolean(True, variant_level=1))
 
284
            self.PropertyChanged(dbus.String(u"last_enabled"),
 
285
                                 (_datetime_to_dbus(self.last_enabled,
 
286
                                                    variant_level=1)))
 
287
    
 
288
    def disable(self):
 
289
        """Disable this client."""
 
290
        if not getattr(self, "enabled", False):
278
291
            return False
279
 
        if getattr(self, "stop_initiator_tag", False):
280
 
            gobject.source_remove(self.stop_initiator_tag)
281
 
            self.stop_initiator_tag = None
 
292
        logger.info(u"Disabling client %s", self.name)
 
293
        if getattr(self, "disable_initiator_tag", False):
 
294
            gobject.source_remove(self.disable_initiator_tag)
 
295
            self.disable_initiator_tag = None
282
296
        if getattr(self, "checker_initiator_tag", False):
283
297
            gobject.source_remove(self.checker_initiator_tag)
284
298
            self.checker_initiator_tag = None
285
299
        self.stop_checker()
286
 
        if self.stop_hook:
287
 
            self.stop_hook(self)
 
300
        if self.disable_hook:
 
301
            self.disable_hook(self)
 
302
        self.enabled = False
 
303
        if self.use_dbus:
 
304
            # Emit D-Bus signal
 
305
            self.PropertyChanged(dbus.String(u"enabled"),
 
306
                                 dbus.Boolean(False, variant_level=1))
288
307
        # Do not run this again if called by a gobject.timeout_add
289
308
        return False
 
309
    
290
310
    def __del__(self):
291
 
        self.stop_hook = None
292
 
        self.stop()
293
 
    def checker_callback(self, pid, condition):
 
311
        self.disable_hook = None
 
312
        self.disable()
 
313
    
 
314
    def checker_callback(self, pid, condition, command):
294
315
        """The checker has completed, so take appropriate actions."""
295
 
        now = datetime.datetime.now()
296
316
        self.checker_callback_tag = None
297
317
        self.checker = None
298
 
        if os.WIFEXITED(condition) \
299
 
               and (os.WEXITSTATUS(condition) == 0):
 
318
        if self.use_dbus:
 
319
            # Emit D-Bus signal
 
320
            self.PropertyChanged(dbus.String(u"checker_running"),
 
321
                                 dbus.Boolean(False, variant_level=1))
 
322
        if (os.WIFEXITED(condition)
 
323
            and (os.WEXITSTATUS(condition) == 0)):
300
324
            logger.info(u"Checker for %(name)s succeeded",
301
325
                        vars(self))
302
 
            self.last_checked_ok = now
303
 
            gobject.source_remove(self.stop_initiator_tag)
304
 
            self.stop_initiator_tag = gobject.timeout_add\
305
 
                                      (self._timeout_milliseconds,
306
 
                                       self.stop)
 
326
            if self.use_dbus:
 
327
                # Emit D-Bus signal
 
328
                self.CheckerCompleted(dbus.Boolean(True),
 
329
                                      dbus.UInt16(condition),
 
330
                                      dbus.String(command))
 
331
            self.bump_timeout()
307
332
        elif not os.WIFEXITED(condition):
308
333
            logger.warning(u"Checker for %(name)s crashed?",
309
334
                           vars(self))
 
335
            if self.use_dbus:
 
336
                # Emit D-Bus signal
 
337
                self.CheckerCompleted(dbus.Boolean(False),
 
338
                                      dbus.UInt16(condition),
 
339
                                      dbus.String(command))
310
340
        else:
311
341
            logger.info(u"Checker for %(name)s failed",
312
342
                        vars(self))
 
343
            if self.use_dbus:
 
344
                # Emit D-Bus signal
 
345
                self.CheckerCompleted(dbus.Boolean(False),
 
346
                                      dbus.UInt16(condition),
 
347
                                      dbus.String(command))
 
348
    
 
349
    def bump_timeout(self):
 
350
        """Bump up the timeout for this client.
 
351
        This should only be called when the client has been seen,
 
352
        alive and well.
 
353
        """
 
354
        self.last_checked_ok = datetime.datetime.utcnow()
 
355
        gobject.source_remove(self.disable_initiator_tag)
 
356
        self.disable_initiator_tag = (gobject.timeout_add
 
357
                                      (self.timeout_milliseconds(),
 
358
                                       self.disable))
 
359
        if self.use_dbus:
 
360
            # Emit D-Bus signal
 
361
            self.PropertyChanged(
 
362
                dbus.String(u"last_checked_ok"),
 
363
                (_datetime_to_dbus(self.last_checked_ok,
 
364
                                   variant_level=1)))
 
365
    
313
366
    def start_checker(self):
314
367
        """Start a new checker subprocess if one is not running.
315
368
        If a checker already exists, leave it running and do
324
377
        # is as it should be.
325
378
        if self.checker is None:
326
379
            try:
327
 
                # In case check_command has exactly one % operator
328
 
                command = self.check_command % self.host
 
380
                # In case checker_command has exactly one % operator
 
381
                command = self.checker_command % self.host
329
382
            except TypeError:
330
383
                # Escape attributes for the shell
331
384
                escaped_attrs = dict((key, re.escape(str(val)))
332
385
                                     for key, val in
333
386
                                     vars(self).iteritems())
334
387
                try:
335
 
                    command = self.check_command % escaped_attrs
 
388
                    command = self.checker_command % escaped_attrs
336
389
                except TypeError, error:
337
390
                    logger.error(u'Could not format string "%s":'
338
 
                                 u' %s', self.check_command, error)
 
391
                                 u' %s', self.checker_command, error)
339
392
                    return True # Try again later
340
393
            try:
341
394
                logger.info(u"Starting checker %r for %s",
347
400
                self.checker = subprocess.Popen(command,
348
401
                                                close_fds=True,
349
402
                                                shell=True, cwd="/")
350
 
                self.checker_callback_tag = gobject.child_watch_add\
351
 
                                            (self.checker.pid,
352
 
                                             self.checker_callback)
 
403
                if self.use_dbus:
 
404
                    # Emit D-Bus signal
 
405
                    self.CheckerStarted(command)
 
406
                    self.PropertyChanged(
 
407
                        dbus.String("checker_running"),
 
408
                        dbus.Boolean(True, variant_level=1))
 
409
                self.checker_callback_tag = (gobject.child_watch_add
 
410
                                             (self.checker.pid,
 
411
                                              self.checker_callback,
 
412
                                              data=command))
353
413
            except OSError, error:
354
414
                logger.error(u"Failed to start subprocess: %s",
355
415
                             error)
356
416
        # Re-run this periodically if run by gobject.timeout_add
357
417
        return True
 
418
    
358
419
    def stop_checker(self):
359
420
        """Force the checker process, if any, to stop."""
360
421
        if self.checker_callback_tag:
372
433
            if error.errno != errno.ESRCH: # No such process
373
434
                raise
374
435
        self.checker = None
 
436
        if self.use_dbus:
 
437
            self.PropertyChanged(dbus.String(u"checker_running"),
 
438
                                 dbus.Boolean(False, variant_level=1))
 
439
    
375
440
    def still_valid(self):
376
441
        """Has the timeout not yet passed for this client?"""
377
 
        now = datetime.datetime.now()
 
442
        if not getattr(self, "enabled", False):
 
443
            return False
 
444
        now = datetime.datetime.utcnow()
378
445
        if self.last_checked_ok is None:
379
446
            return now < (self.created + self.timeout)
380
447
        else:
381
448
            return now < (self.last_checked_ok + self.timeout)
 
449
    
 
450
    ## D-Bus methods & signals
 
451
    _interface = u"org.mandos_system.Mandos.Client"
 
452
    
 
453
    # BumpTimeout - method
 
454
    BumpTimeout = dbus.service.method(_interface)(bump_timeout)
 
455
    BumpTimeout.__name__ = "BumpTimeout"
 
456
    
 
457
    # CheckerCompleted - signal
 
458
    @dbus.service.signal(_interface, signature="bqs")
 
459
    def CheckerCompleted(self, success, condition, command):
 
460
        "D-Bus signal"
 
461
        pass
 
462
    
 
463
    # CheckerStarted - signal
 
464
    @dbus.service.signal(_interface, signature="s")
 
465
    def CheckerStarted(self, command):
 
466
        "D-Bus signal"
 
467
        pass
 
468
    
 
469
    # GetAllProperties - method
 
470
    @dbus.service.method(_interface, out_signature="a{sv}")
 
471
    def GetAllProperties(self):
 
472
        "D-Bus method"
 
473
        return dbus.Dictionary({
 
474
                dbus.String("name"):
 
475
                    dbus.String(self.name, variant_level=1),
 
476
                dbus.String("fingerprint"):
 
477
                    dbus.String(self.fingerprint, variant_level=1),
 
478
                dbus.String("host"):
 
479
                    dbus.String(self.host, variant_level=1),
 
480
                dbus.String("created"):
 
481
                    _datetime_to_dbus(self.created, variant_level=1),
 
482
                dbus.String("last_enabled"):
 
483
                    (_datetime_to_dbus(self.last_enabled,
 
484
                                       variant_level=1)
 
485
                     if self.last_enabled is not None
 
486
                     else dbus.Boolean(False, variant_level=1)),
 
487
                dbus.String("enabled"):
 
488
                    dbus.Boolean(self.enabled, variant_level=1),
 
489
                dbus.String("last_checked_ok"):
 
490
                    (_datetime_to_dbus(self.last_checked_ok,
 
491
                                       variant_level=1)
 
492
                     if self.last_checked_ok is not None
 
493
                     else dbus.Boolean (False, variant_level=1)),
 
494
                dbus.String("timeout"):
 
495
                    dbus.UInt64(self.timeout_milliseconds(),
 
496
                                variant_level=1),
 
497
                dbus.String("interval"):
 
498
                    dbus.UInt64(self.interval_milliseconds(),
 
499
                                variant_level=1),
 
500
                dbus.String("checker"):
 
501
                    dbus.String(self.checker_command,
 
502
                                variant_level=1),
 
503
                dbus.String("checker_running"):
 
504
                    dbus.Boolean(self.checker is not None,
 
505
                                 variant_level=1),
 
506
                }, signature="sv")
 
507
    
 
508
    # IsStillValid - method
 
509
    IsStillValid = (dbus.service.method(_interface, out_signature="b")
 
510
                    (still_valid))
 
511
    IsStillValid.__name__ = "IsStillValid"
 
512
    
 
513
    # PropertyChanged - signal
 
514
    @dbus.service.signal(_interface, signature="sv")
 
515
    def PropertyChanged(self, property, value):
 
516
        "D-Bus signal"
 
517
        pass
 
518
    
 
519
    # SetChecker - method
 
520
    @dbus.service.method(_interface, in_signature="s")
 
521
    def SetChecker(self, checker):
 
522
        "D-Bus setter method"
 
523
        self.checker_command = checker
 
524
        # Emit D-Bus signal
 
525
        self.PropertyChanged(dbus.String(u"checker"),
 
526
                             dbus.String(self.checker_command,
 
527
                                         variant_level=1))
 
528
    
 
529
    # SetHost - method
 
530
    @dbus.service.method(_interface, in_signature="s")
 
531
    def SetHost(self, host):
 
532
        "D-Bus setter method"
 
533
        self.host = host
 
534
        # Emit D-Bus signal
 
535
        self.PropertyChanged(dbus.String(u"host"),
 
536
                             dbus.String(self.host, variant_level=1))
 
537
    
 
538
    # SetInterval - method
 
539
    @dbus.service.method(_interface, in_signature="t")
 
540
    def SetInterval(self, milliseconds):
 
541
        self.interval = datetime.timedelta(0, 0, 0, milliseconds)
 
542
        # Emit D-Bus signal
 
543
        self.PropertyChanged(dbus.String(u"interval"),
 
544
                             (dbus.UInt64(self.interval_milliseconds(),
 
545
                                          variant_level=1)))
 
546
    
 
547
    # SetSecret - method
 
548
    @dbus.service.method(_interface, in_signature="ay",
 
549
                         byte_arrays=True)
 
550
    def SetSecret(self, secret):
 
551
        "D-Bus setter method"
 
552
        self.secret = str(secret)
 
553
    
 
554
    # SetTimeout - method
 
555
    @dbus.service.method(_interface, in_signature="t")
 
556
    def SetTimeout(self, milliseconds):
 
557
        self.timeout = datetime.timedelta(0, 0, 0, milliseconds)
 
558
        # Emit D-Bus signal
 
559
        self.PropertyChanged(dbus.String(u"timeout"),
 
560
                             (dbus.UInt64(self.timeout_milliseconds(),
 
561
                                          variant_level=1)))
 
562
    
 
563
    # Enable - method
 
564
    Enable = dbus.service.method(_interface)(enable)
 
565
    Enable.__name__ = "Enable"
 
566
    
 
567
    # StartChecker - method
 
568
    @dbus.service.method(_interface)
 
569
    def StartChecker(self):
 
570
        "D-Bus method"
 
571
        self.start_checker()
 
572
    
 
573
    # Disable - method
 
574
    @dbus.service.method(_interface)
 
575
    def Disable(self):
 
576
        "D-Bus method"
 
577
        self.disable()
 
578
    
 
579
    # StopChecker - method
 
580
    StopChecker = dbus.service.method(_interface)(stop_checker)
 
581
    StopChecker.__name__ = "StopChecker"
 
582
    
 
583
    del _interface
382
584
 
383
585
 
384
586
def peer_certificate(session):
385
587
    "Return the peer's OpenPGP certificate as a bytestring"
386
588
    # If not an OpenPGP certificate...
387
 
    if gnutls.library.functions.gnutls_certificate_type_get\
388
 
            (session._c_object) \
389
 
           != gnutls.library.constants.GNUTLS_CRT_OPENPGP:
 
589
    if (gnutls.library.functions
 
590
        .gnutls_certificate_type_get(session._c_object)
 
591
        != gnutls.library.constants.GNUTLS_CRT_OPENPGP):
390
592
        # ...do the normal thing
391
593
        return session.peer_certificate
392
594
    list_size = ctypes.c_uint()
393
 
    cert_list = gnutls.library.functions.gnutls_certificate_get_peers\
394
 
        (session._c_object, ctypes.byref(list_size))
 
595
    cert_list = (gnutls.library.functions
 
596
                 .gnutls_certificate_get_peers
 
597
                 (session._c_object, ctypes.byref(list_size)))
395
598
    if list_size.value == 0:
396
599
        return None
397
600
    cert = cert_list[0]
401
604
def fingerprint(openpgp):
402
605
    "Convert an OpenPGP bytestring to a hexdigit fingerprint string"
403
606
    # New GnuTLS "datum" with the OpenPGP public key
404
 
    datum = gnutls.library.types.gnutls_datum_t\
405
 
        (ctypes.cast(ctypes.c_char_p(openpgp),
406
 
                     ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_ubyte)),
407
 
         ctypes.c_uint(len(openpgp)))
 
607
    datum = (gnutls.library.types
 
608
             .gnutls_datum_t(ctypes.cast(ctypes.c_char_p(openpgp),
 
609
                                         ctypes.POINTER
 
610
                                         (ctypes.c_ubyte)),
 
611
                             ctypes.c_uint(len(openpgp))))
408
612
    # New empty GnuTLS certificate
409
613
    crt = gnutls.library.types.gnutls_openpgp_crt_t()
410
 
    gnutls.library.functions.gnutls_openpgp_crt_init\
411
 
        (ctypes.byref(crt))
 
614
    (gnutls.library.functions
 
615
     .gnutls_openpgp_crt_init(ctypes.byref(crt)))
412
616
    # Import the OpenPGP public key into the certificate
413
 
    gnutls.library.functions.gnutls_openpgp_crt_import\
414
 
                    (crt, ctypes.byref(datum),
415
 
                     gnutls.library.constants.GNUTLS_OPENPGP_FMT_RAW)
 
617
    (gnutls.library.functions
 
618
     .gnutls_openpgp_crt_import(crt, ctypes.byref(datum),
 
619
                                gnutls.library.constants
 
620
                                .GNUTLS_OPENPGP_FMT_RAW))
416
621
    # Verify the self signature in the key
417
 
    crtverify = ctypes.c_uint();
418
 
    gnutls.library.functions.gnutls_openpgp_crt_verify_self\
419
 
        (crt, 0, ctypes.byref(crtverify))
 
622
    crtverify = ctypes.c_uint()
 
623
    (gnutls.library.functions
 
624
     .gnutls_openpgp_crt_verify_self(crt, 0, ctypes.byref(crtverify)))
420
625
    if crtverify.value != 0:
421
626
        gnutls.library.functions.gnutls_openpgp_crt_deinit(crt)
422
627
        raise gnutls.errors.CertificateSecurityError("Verify failed")
423
628
    # New buffer for the fingerprint
424
 
    buffer = ctypes.create_string_buffer(20)
425
 
    buffer_length = ctypes.c_size_t()
 
629
    buf = ctypes.create_string_buffer(20)
 
630
    buf_len = ctypes.c_size_t()
426
631
    # Get the fingerprint from the certificate into the buffer
427
 
    gnutls.library.functions.gnutls_openpgp_crt_get_fingerprint\
428
 
        (crt, ctypes.byref(buffer), ctypes.byref(buffer_length))
 
632
    (gnutls.library.functions
 
633
     .gnutls_openpgp_crt_get_fingerprint(crt, ctypes.byref(buf),
 
634
                                         ctypes.byref(buf_len)))
429
635
    # Deinit the certificate
430
636
    gnutls.library.functions.gnutls_openpgp_crt_deinit(crt)
431
637
    # Convert the buffer to a Python bytestring
432
 
    fpr = ctypes.string_at(buffer, buffer_length.value)
 
638
    fpr = ctypes.string_at(buf, buf_len.value)
433
639
    # Convert the bytestring to hexadecimal notation
434
640
    hex_fpr = u''.join(u"%02X" % ord(char) for char in fpr)
435
641
    return hex_fpr
436
642
 
437
643
 
438
 
class tcp_handler(SocketServer.BaseRequestHandler, object):
 
644
class TCP_handler(SocketServer.BaseRequestHandler, object):
439
645
    """A TCP request handler class.
440
646
    Instantiated by IPv6_TCPServer for each request to handle it.
441
647
    Note: This will run in its own forked process."""
442
648
    
443
649
    def handle(self):
444
650
        logger.info(u"TCP connection from: %s",
445
 
                     unicode(self.client_address))
446
 
        session = gnutls.connection.ClientSession\
447
 
                  (self.request, gnutls.connection.X509Credentials())
 
651
                    unicode(self.client_address))
 
652
        session = (gnutls.connection
 
653
                   .ClientSession(self.request,
 
654
                                  gnutls.connection
 
655
                                  .X509Credentials()))
448
656
        
449
657
        line = self.request.makefile().readline()
450
658
        logger.debug(u"Protocol version: %r", line)
463
671
        #priority = ':'.join(("NONE", "+VERS-TLS1.1", "+AES-256-CBC",
464
672
        #                "+SHA1", "+COMP-NULL", "+CTYPE-OPENPGP",
465
673
        #                "+DHE-DSS"))
466
 
        priority = "NORMAL"             # Fallback default, since this
467
 
                                        # MUST be set.
468
 
        if self.server.settings["priority"]:
469
 
            priority = self.server.settings["priority"]
470
 
        gnutls.library.functions.gnutls_priority_set_direct\
471
 
            (session._c_object, priority, None);
 
674
        # Use a fallback default, since this MUST be set.
 
675
        priority = self.server.settings.get("priority", "NORMAL")
 
676
        (gnutls.library.functions
 
677
         .gnutls_priority_set_direct(session._c_object,
 
678
                                     priority, None))
472
679
        
473
680
        try:
474
681
            session.handshake()
484
691
            session.bye()
485
692
            return
486
693
        logger.debug(u"Fingerprint: %s", fpr)
487
 
        client = None
488
694
        for c in self.server.clients:
489
695
            if c.fingerprint == fpr:
490
696
                client = c
491
697
                break
492
 
        if not client:
 
698
        else:
493
699
            logger.warning(u"Client not found for fingerprint: %s",
494
700
                           fpr)
495
701
            session.bye()
502
708
                           vars(client))
503
709
            session.bye()
504
710
            return
 
711
        ## This won't work here, since we're in a fork.
 
712
        # client.bump_timeout()
505
713
        sent_size = 0
506
714
        while sent_size < len(client.secret):
507
715
            sent = session.send(client.secret[sent_size:])
512
720
        session.bye()
513
721
 
514
722
 
515
 
class IPv6_TCPServer(SocketServer.ForkingTCPServer, object):
 
723
class IPv6_TCPServer(SocketServer.ForkingMixIn,
 
724
                     SocketServer.TCPServer, object):
516
725
    """IPv6 TCP server.  Accepts 'None' as address and/or port.
517
726
    Attributes:
518
727
        settings:       Server settings
519
728
        clients:        Set() of Client objects
 
729
        enabled:        Boolean; whether this server is activated yet
520
730
    """
521
731
    address_family = socket.AF_INET6
522
732
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
526
736
        if "clients" in kwargs:
527
737
            self.clients = kwargs["clients"]
528
738
            del kwargs["clients"]
529
 
        return super(type(self), self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
 
739
        self.enabled = False
 
740
        super(IPv6_TCPServer, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
530
741
    def server_bind(self):
531
742
        """This overrides the normal server_bind() function
532
743
        to bind to an interface if one was specified, and also NOT to
561
772
#                                            if_nametoindex
562
773
#                                            (self.settings
563
774
#                                             ["interface"]))
564
 
            return super(type(self), self).server_bind()
 
775
            return super(IPv6_TCPServer, self).server_bind()
 
776
    def server_activate(self):
 
777
        if self.enabled:
 
778
            return super(IPv6_TCPServer, self).server_activate()
 
779
    def enable(self):
 
780
        self.enabled = True
565
781
 
566
782
 
567
783
def string_to_delta(interval):
583
799
    timevalue = datetime.timedelta(0)
584
800
    for s in interval.split():
585
801
        try:
586
 
            suffix=unicode(s[-1])
587
 
            value=int(s[:-1])
 
802
            suffix = unicode(s[-1])
 
803
            value = int(s[:-1])
588
804
            if suffix == u"d":
589
805
                delta = datetime.timedelta(value)
590
806
            elif suffix == u"s":
624
840
    elif state == avahi.ENTRY_GROUP_FAILURE:
625
841
        logger.critical(u"Avahi: Error in group state changed %s",
626
842
                        unicode(error))
627
 
        raise AvahiGroupError("State changed: %s", str(error))
 
843
        raise AvahiGroupError(u"State changed: %s" % unicode(error))
628
844
 
629
845
def if_nametoindex(interface):
630
846
    """Call the C function if_nametoindex(), or equivalent"""
631
847
    global if_nametoindex
632
848
    try:
633
 
        if "ctypes.util" not in sys.modules:
634
 
            import ctypes.util
635
 
        if_nametoindex = ctypes.cdll.LoadLibrary\
636
 
            (ctypes.util.find_library("c")).if_nametoindex
 
849
        if_nametoindex = (ctypes.cdll.LoadLibrary
 
850
                          (ctypes.util.find_library("c"))
 
851
                          .if_nametoindex)
637
852
    except (OSError, AttributeError):
638
853
        if "struct" not in sys.modules:
639
854
            import struct
642
857
        def if_nametoindex(interface):
643
858
            "Get an interface index the hard way, i.e. using fcntl()"
644
859
            SIOCGIFINDEX = 0x8933  # From /usr/include/linux/sockios.h
645
 
            s = socket.socket()
646
 
            ifreq = fcntl.ioctl(s, SIOCGIFINDEX,
647
 
                                struct.pack("16s16x", interface))
648
 
            s.close()
 
860
            with closing(socket.socket()) as s:
 
861
                ifreq = fcntl.ioctl(s, SIOCGIFINDEX,
 
862
                                    struct.pack("16s16x", interface))
649
863
            interface_index = struct.unpack("I", ifreq[16:20])[0]
650
864
            return interface_index
651
865
    return if_nametoindex(interface)
675
889
 
676
890
 
677
891
def main():
678
 
    global main_loop_started
679
 
    main_loop_started = False
680
 
    
681
 
    parser = OptionParser(version = "%%prog %s" % version)
 
892
    parser = optparse.OptionParser(version = "%%prog %s" % version)
682
893
    parser.add_option("-i", "--interface", type="string",
683
894
                      metavar="IF", help="Bind to interface IF")
684
895
    parser.add_option("-a", "--address", type="string",
685
896
                      help="Address to listen for requests on")
686
897
    parser.add_option("-p", "--port", type="int",
687
898
                      help="Port number to receive requests on")
688
 
    parser.add_option("--check", action="store_true", default=False,
 
899
    parser.add_option("--check", action="store_true",
689
900
                      help="Run self-test")
690
901
    parser.add_option("--debug", action="store_true",
691
902
                      help="Debug mode; run in foreground and log to"
698
909
                      default="/etc/mandos", metavar="DIR",
699
910
                      help="Directory to search for configuration"
700
911
                      " files")
701
 
    (options, args) = parser.parse_args()
 
912
    parser.add_option("--no-dbus", action="store_false",
 
913
                      dest="use_dbus",
 
914
                      help="Do not provide D-Bus system bus"
 
915
                      " interface")
 
916
    options = parser.parse_args()[0]
702
917
    
703
918
    if options.check:
704
919
        import doctest
713
928
                        "priority":
714
929
                        "SECURE256:!CTYPE-X.509:+CTYPE-OPENPGP",
715
930
                        "servicename": "Mandos",
 
931
                        "use_dbus": "True",
716
932
                        }
717
933
    
718
934
    # Parse config file for server-global settings
721
937
    server_config.read(os.path.join(options.configdir, "mandos.conf"))
722
938
    # Convert the SafeConfigParser object to a dict
723
939
    server_settings = server_config.defaults()
724
 
    # Use getboolean on the boolean config option
725
 
    server_settings["debug"] = server_config.getboolean\
726
 
                               ("DEFAULT", "debug")
 
940
    # Use getboolean on the boolean config options
 
941
    server_settings["debug"] = (server_config.getboolean
 
942
                                ("DEFAULT", "debug"))
 
943
    server_settings["use_dbus"] = (server_config.getboolean
 
944
                                   ("DEFAULT", "use_dbus"))
727
945
    del server_config
728
946
    
729
947
    # Override the settings from the config file with command line
730
948
    # options, if set.
731
949
    for option in ("interface", "address", "port", "debug",
732
 
                   "priority", "servicename", "configdir"):
 
950
                   "priority", "servicename", "configdir",
 
951
                   "use_dbus"):
733
952
        value = getattr(options, option)
734
953
        if value is not None:
735
954
            server_settings[option] = value
736
955
    del options
737
956
    # Now we have our good server settings in "server_settings"
738
957
    
 
958
    # For convenience
739
959
    debug = server_settings["debug"]
 
960
    use_dbus = server_settings["use_dbus"]
740
961
    
741
962
    if not debug:
742
963
        syslogger.setLevel(logging.WARNING)
743
964
        console.setLevel(logging.WARNING)
744
965
    
745
966
    if server_settings["servicename"] != "Mandos":
746
 
        syslogger.setFormatter(logging.Formatter\
 
967
        syslogger.setFormatter(logging.Formatter
747
968
                               ('Mandos (%s): %%(levelname)s:'
748
969
                                ' %%(message)s'
749
970
                                % server_settings["servicename"]))
751
972
    # Parse config file with clients
752
973
    client_defaults = { "timeout": "1h",
753
974
                        "interval": "5m",
754
 
                        "checker": "fping -q -- %(host)s",
 
975
                        "checker": "fping -q -- %%(host)s",
755
976
                        "host": "",
756
977
                        }
757
978
    client_config = ConfigParser.SafeConfigParser(client_defaults)
758
979
    client_config.read(os.path.join(server_settings["configdir"],
759
980
                                    "clients.conf"))
760
981
    
 
982
    clients = Set()
 
983
    tcp_server = IPv6_TCPServer((server_settings["address"],
 
984
                                 server_settings["port"]),
 
985
                                TCP_handler,
 
986
                                settings=server_settings,
 
987
                                clients=clients)
 
988
    pidfilename = "/var/run/mandos.pid"
 
989
    try:
 
990
        pidfile = open(pidfilename, "w")
 
991
    except IOError, error:
 
992
        logger.error("Could not open file %r", pidfilename)
 
993
    
 
994
    try:
 
995
        uid = pwd.getpwnam("_mandos").pw_uid
 
996
        gid = pwd.getpwnam("_mandos").pw_gid
 
997
    except KeyError:
 
998
        try:
 
999
            uid = pwd.getpwnam("mandos").pw_uid
 
1000
            gid = pwd.getpwnam("mandos").pw_gid
 
1001
        except KeyError:
 
1002
            try:
 
1003
                uid = pwd.getpwnam("nobody").pw_uid
 
1004
                gid = pwd.getpwnam("nogroup").pw_gid
 
1005
            except KeyError:
 
1006
                uid = 65534
 
1007
                gid = 65534
 
1008
    try:
 
1009
        os.setuid(uid)
 
1010
        os.setgid(gid)
 
1011
    except OSError, error:
 
1012
        if error[0] != errno.EPERM:
 
1013
            raise error
 
1014
    
761
1015
    global service
762
1016
    service = AvahiService(name = server_settings["servicename"],
763
 
                           type = "_mandos._tcp", );
 
1017
                           servicetype = "_mandos._tcp", )
764
1018
    if server_settings["interface"]:
765
 
        service.interface = if_nametoindex\
766
 
                            (server_settings["interface"])
 
1019
        service.interface = (if_nametoindex
 
1020
                             (server_settings["interface"]))
767
1021
    
768
1022
    global main_loop
769
1023
    global bus
776
1030
                                           avahi.DBUS_PATH_SERVER),
777
1031
                            avahi.DBUS_INTERFACE_SERVER)
778
1032
    # End of Avahi example code
779
 
    
780
 
    clients = Set()
781
 
    def remove_from_clients(client):
782
 
        clients.remove(client)
783
 
        if not clients:
784
 
            logger.critical(u"No clients left, exiting")
785
 
            sys.exit()
 
1033
    if use_dbus:
 
1034
        bus_name = dbus.service.BusName(u"org.mandos-system.Mandos",
 
1035
                                        bus)
786
1036
    
787
1037
    clients.update(Set(Client(name = section,
788
 
                              stop_hook = remove_from_clients,
789
1038
                              config
790
 
                              = dict(client_config.items(section)))
 
1039
                              = dict(client_config.items(section)),
 
1040
                              use_dbus = use_dbus)
791
1041
                       for section in client_config.sections()))
792
1042
    if not clients:
793
 
        logger.critical(u"No clients defined")
794
 
        sys.exit(1)
 
1043
        logger.warning(u"No clients defined")
795
1044
    
796
1045
    if debug:
797
1046
        # Redirect stdin so all checkers get /dev/null
805
1054
        # Close all input and output, do double fork, etc.
806
1055
        daemon()
807
1056
    
808
 
    pidfilename = "/var/run/mandos/mandos.pid"
809
 
    pid = os.getpid()
810
1057
    try:
811
 
        pidfile = open(pidfilename, "w")
 
1058
        pid = os.getpid()
812
1059
        pidfile.write(str(pid) + "\n")
813
1060
        pidfile.close()
814
1061
        del pidfile
815
 
    except IOError, err:
816
 
        logger.error(u"Could not write %s file with PID %d",
817
 
                     pidfilename, os.getpid())
 
1062
    except IOError:
 
1063
        logger.error(u"Could not write to file %r with PID %d",
 
1064
                     pidfilename, pid)
 
1065
    except NameError:
 
1066
        # "pidfile" was never created
 
1067
        pass
 
1068
    del pidfilename
818
1069
    
819
1070
    def cleanup():
820
1071
        "Cleanup function; run on exit"
827
1078
        
828
1079
        while clients:
829
1080
            client = clients.pop()
830
 
            client.stop_hook = None
831
 
            client.stop()
 
1081
            client.disable_hook = None
 
1082
            client.disable()
832
1083
    
833
1084
    atexit.register(cleanup)
834
1085
    
837
1088
    signal.signal(signal.SIGHUP, lambda signum, frame: sys.exit())
838
1089
    signal.signal(signal.SIGTERM, lambda signum, frame: sys.exit())
839
1090
    
 
1091
    if use_dbus:
 
1092
        class MandosServer(dbus.service.Object):
 
1093
            """A D-Bus proxy object"""
 
1094
            def __init__(self):
 
1095
                dbus.service.Object.__init__(self, bus,
 
1096
                                             "/Mandos")
 
1097
            _interface = u"org.mandos_system.Mandos"
 
1098
 
 
1099
            @dbus.service.signal(_interface, signature="oa{sv}")
 
1100
            def ClientAdded(self, objpath, properties):
 
1101
                "D-Bus signal"
 
1102
                pass
 
1103
 
 
1104
            @dbus.service.signal(_interface, signature="o")
 
1105
            def ClientRemoved(self, objpath):
 
1106
                "D-Bus signal"
 
1107
                pass
 
1108
 
 
1109
            @dbus.service.method(_interface, out_signature="ao")
 
1110
            def GetAllClients(self):
 
1111
                return dbus.Array(c.dbus_object_path for c in clients)
 
1112
 
 
1113
            @dbus.service.method(_interface, out_signature="a{oa{sv}}")
 
1114
            def GetAllClientsWithProperties(self):
 
1115
                return dbus.Dictionary(
 
1116
                    ((c.dbus_object_path, c.GetAllProperties())
 
1117
                     for c in clients),
 
1118
                    signature="oa{sv}")
 
1119
 
 
1120
            @dbus.service.method(_interface, in_signature="o")
 
1121
            def RemoveClient(self, object_path):
 
1122
                for c in clients:
 
1123
                    if c.dbus_object_path == object_path:
 
1124
                        clients.remove(c)
 
1125
                        # Don't signal anything except ClientRemoved
 
1126
                        c.use_dbus = False
 
1127
                        c.disable()
 
1128
                        # Emit D-Bus signal
 
1129
                        self.ClientRemoved(object_path)
 
1130
                        return
 
1131
                raise KeyError
 
1132
            @dbus.service.method(_interface)
 
1133
            def Quit(self):
 
1134
                main_loop.quit()
 
1135
 
 
1136
            del _interface
 
1137
    
 
1138
        mandos_server = MandosServer()
 
1139
    
840
1140
    for client in clients:
841
 
        client.start()
842
 
    
843
 
    tcp_server = IPv6_TCPServer((server_settings["address"],
844
 
                                 server_settings["port"]),
845
 
                                tcp_handler,
846
 
                                settings=server_settings,
847
 
                                clients=clients)
 
1141
        if use_dbus:
 
1142
            # Emit D-Bus signal
 
1143
            mandos_server.ClientAdded(client.dbus_object_path,
 
1144
                                      client.GetAllProperties())
 
1145
        client.enable()
 
1146
    
 
1147
    tcp_server.enable()
 
1148
    tcp_server.server_activate()
 
1149
    
848
1150
    # Find out what port we got
849
1151
    service.port = tcp_server.socket.getsockname()[1]
850
1152
    logger.info(u"Now listening on address %r, port %d, flowinfo %d,"
864
1166
        
865
1167
        gobject.io_add_watch(tcp_server.fileno(), gobject.IO_IN,
866
1168
                             lambda *args, **kwargs:
867
 
                             tcp_server.handle_request\
868
 
                             (*args[2:], **kwargs) or True)
 
1169
                             (tcp_server.handle_request
 
1170
                              (*args[2:], **kwargs) or True))
869
1171
        
870
1172
        logger.debug(u"Starting main loop")
871
 
        main_loop_started = True
872
1173
        main_loop.run()
873
1174
    except AvahiError, error:
874
 
        logger.critical(u"AvahiError: %s" + unicode(error))
 
1175
        logger.critical(u"AvahiError: %s", error)
875
1176
        sys.exit(1)
876
1177
    except KeyboardInterrupt:
877
1178
        if debug: