1
1
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
2
2
<!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3
3
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4
<!ENTITY VERSION "1.0">
5
<!ENTITY COMMANDNAME "password-request">
6
<!ENTITY TIMESTAMP "2008-09-03">
4
<!ENTITY COMMANDNAME "mandos-client">
5
<!ENTITY TIMESTAMP "2008-10-03">
6
<!ENTITY % common SYSTEM "../common.ent">
9
10
<refentry xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
11
12
<title>Mandos Manual</title>
12
<!-- Nwalsh’s docbook scripts use this to generate the footer: -->
13
<!-- NWalsh’s docbook scripts use this to generate the footer: -->
13
14
<productname>Mandos</productname>
14
<productnumber>&VERSION;</productnumber>
15
<productnumber>&version;</productnumber>
15
16
<date>&TIMESTAMP;</date>
46
47
<refname><command>&COMMANDNAME;</command></refname>
49
Client for <application>Mandos</application>
54
55
<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command>
56
57
<arg choice="plain"><option>--connect
57
<replaceable>IPADDR</replaceable><literal>:</literal
58
<replaceable>ADDRESS</replaceable><literal>:</literal
58
59
><replaceable>PORT</replaceable></option></arg>
59
60
<arg choice="plain"><option>-c
60
<replaceable>IPADDR</replaceable><literal>:</literal
61
<replaceable>ADDRESS</replaceable><literal>:</literal
61
62
><replaceable>PORT</replaceable></option></arg>
65
<arg choice="plain"><option>--keydir
66
<replaceable>DIRECTORY</replaceable></option></arg>
67
<arg choice="plain"><option>-d
68
<replaceable>DIRECTORY</replaceable></option></arg>
72
66
<arg choice="plain"><option>--interface
73
67
<replaceable>NAME</replaceable></option></arg>
74
68
<arg choice="plain"><option>-i
128
122
communicates with <citerefentry><refentrytitle
129
123
>mandos</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>
130
124
to get a password. It uses IPv6 link-local addresses to get
131
network connectivity, Zeroconf to find the server, and TLS with
132
an OpenPGP key to ensure authenticity and confidentiality. It
125
network connectivity, Zeroconf to find servers, and TLS with an
126
OpenPGP key to ensure authenticity and confidentiality. It
133
127
keeps running, trying all servers on the network, until it
134
receives a satisfactory reply.
128
receives a satisfactory reply or a TERM signal is received.
137
131
This program is not meant to be run directly; it is really meant
330
311
This program could, theoretically, be used as a keyscript in
331
312
<filename>/etc/crypttab</filename>, but it would then be
332
impossible to enter the encrypted root disk password at the
333
console, since this program does not read from the console at
334
all. This is why a separate plugin does that, which will be run
335
in parallell to this one.
313
impossible to enter a password for the encrypted root disk at
314
the console, since this program does not read from the console
315
at all. This is why a separate plugin runner (<citerefentry>
316
<refentrytitle>plugin-runner</refentrytitle>
317
<manvolnum>8mandos</manvolnum></citerefentry>) is used to run
318
both this program and others in in parallel,
319
<emphasis>one</emphasis> of which will prompt for passwords on
347
<refsect1 id="files">
363
348
<title>FILES</title>
351
<term><filename>/conf/conf.d/mandos/pubkey.txt</filename
353
<term><filename>/conf/conf.d/mandos/seckey.txt</filename
357
OpenPGP public and private key files, in <quote>ASCII
358
Armor</quote> format. These are the default file names,
359
they can be changed with the <option>--pubkey</option> and
360
<option>--seckey</option> options.
367
<!-- <refsect1 id="bugs"> -->
368
<!-- <title>BUGS</title> -->
374
373
<refsect1 id="example">
375
374
<title>EXAMPLE</title>
376
Note that normally, command line options will not be given
377
directly, but via options for the Mandos <citerefentry
378
><refentrytitle>plugin-runner</refentrytitle>
379
<manvolnum>8mandos</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
383
Normal invocation needs no options, if the network interface
384
is <quote>eth0</quote>:
387
<userinput>&COMMANDNAME;</userinput>
392
Search for Mandos servers (and connect to them) using another
396
<!-- do not wrap this line -->
397
<userinput>&COMMANDNAME; --interface eth1</userinput>
402
Run in debug mode, and use a custom key:
406
<!-- do not wrap this line -->
407
<userinput>&COMMANDNAME; --debug --pubkey keydir/pubkey.txt --seckey keydir/seckey.txt</userinput>
413
Run in debug mode, with a custom key, and do not use Zeroconf
414
to locate a server; connect directly to the IPv6 address
415
<quote><systemitem class="ipaddress"
416
>2001:db8:f983:bd0b:30de:ae4a:71f2:f672</systemitem></quote>,
417
port 4711, using interface eth2:
421
<!-- do not wrap this line -->
422
<userinput>&COMMANDNAME; --debug --pubkey keydir/pubkey.txt --seckey keydir/seckey.txt --connect 2001:db8:f983:bd0b:30de:ae4a:71f2:f672:4711 --interface eth2</userinput>
380
428
<refsect1 id="security">
381
429
<title>SECURITY</title>
431
This program is set-uid to root, but will switch back to the
432
original (and presumably non-privileged) user and group after
433
bringing up the network interface.
436
To use this program for its intended purpose (see <xref
437
linkend="purpose"/>), the password for the root file system will
438
have to be given out to be stored in a server computer, after
439
having been encrypted using an OpenPGP key. This encrypted data
440
which will be stored in a server can only be decrypted by the
441
OpenPGP key, and the data will only be given out to those
442
clients who can prove they actually have that key. This key,
443
however, is stored unencrypted on the client side in its initial
444
<acronym>RAM</acronym> disk image file system. This is normally
445
readable by all, but this is normally fixed during installation
446
of this program; file permissions are set so that no-one is able
450
The only remaining weak point is that someone with physical
451
access to the client hard drive might turn off the client
452
computer, read the OpenPGP keys directly from the hard drive,
453
and communicate with the server. To safeguard against this, the
454
server is supposed to notice the client disappearing and stop
455
giving out the encrypted data. Therefore, it is important to
456
set the timeout and checker interval values tightly on the
457
server. See <citerefentry><refentrytitle
458
>mandos</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
461
It will also help if the checker program on the server is
462
configured to request something from the client which can not be
463
spoofed by someone else on the network, unlike unencrypted
464
<acronym>ICMP</acronym> echo (<quote>ping</quote>) replies.
467
<emphasis>Note</emphasis>: This makes it completely insecure to
468
have <application >Mandos</application> clients which dual-boot
469
to another operating system which is <emphasis>not</emphasis>
470
trusted to keep the initial <acronym>RAM</acronym> disk image
386
475
<refsect1 id="see_also">
387
476
<title>SEE ALSO</title>
478
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>cryptsetup</refentrytitle>
479
<manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
480
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypttab</refentrytitle>
481
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
389
482
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>mandos</refentrytitle>
390
483
<manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
391
484
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>password-prompt</refentrytitle>
393
486
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>plugin-runner</refentrytitle>
394
487
<manvolnum>8mandos</manvolnum></citerefentry>
398
<ulink url="http://www.zeroconf.org/">Zeroconf</ulink>
402
<ulink url="http://www.avahi.org/">Avahi</ulink>
407
url="http://www.gnu.org/software/gnutls/">GnuTLS</ulink>
412
url="http://www.gnupg.org/related_software/gpgme/"
417
<citation>RFC 4880: <citetitle>OpenPGP Message
418
Format</citetitle></citation>
422
<citation>RFC 5081: <citetitle>Using OpenPGP Keys for
423
Transport Layer Security</citetitle></citation>
427
<citation>RFC 4291: <citetitle>IP Version 6 Addressing
428
Architecture</citetitle>, section 2.5.6, Link-Local IPv6
429
Unicast Addresses</citation>
492
<ulink url="http://www.zeroconf.org/">Zeroconf</ulink>
496
Zeroconf is the network protocol standard used for finding
497
Mandos servers on the local network.
503
<ulink url="http://www.avahi.org/">Avahi</ulink>
507
Avahi is the library this program calls to find Zeroconf
514
<ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/software/gnutls/"
519
GnuTLS is the library this client uses to implement TLS for
520
communicating securely with the server, and at the same time
521
send the public OpenPGP key to the server.
527
<ulink url="http://www.gnupg.org/related_software/gpgme/"
532
GPGME is the library used to decrypt the OpenPGP data sent
539
RFC 4291: <citetitle>IP Version 6 Addressing
540
Architecture</citetitle>
545
<term>Section 2.2: <citetitle>Text Representation of
546
Addresses</citetitle></term>
547
<listitem><para/></listitem>
550
<term>Section 2.5.5.2: <citetitle>IPv4-Mapped IPv6
551
Address</citetitle></term>
552
<listitem><para/></listitem>
555
<term>Section 2.5.6, <citetitle>Link-Local IPv6 Unicast
556
Addresses</citetitle></term>
559
This client uses IPv6 link-local addresses, which are
560
immediately usable since a link-local addresses is
561
automatically assigned to a network interfaces when it
571
RFC 4346: <citetitle>The Transport Layer Security (TLS)
572
Protocol Version 1.1</citetitle>
576
TLS 1.1 is the protocol implemented by GnuTLS.
582
RFC 4880: <citetitle>OpenPGP Message Format</citetitle>
586
The data received from the server is binary encrypted
593
RFC 5081: <citetitle>Using OpenPGP Keys for Transport Layer
598
This is implemented by GnuTLS and used by this program so
599
that OpenPGP keys can be used.
435
607
<!-- Local Variables: -->
436
608
<!-- time-stamp-start: "<!ENTITY TIMESTAMP [\"']" -->
437
609
<!-- time-stamp-end: "[\"']>" -->