1
1
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
2
2
<!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3
3
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4
<!ENTITY VERSION "1.0">
4
5
<!ENTITY COMMANDNAME "mandos">
5
<!ENTITY TIMESTAMP "2012-01-01">
6
<!ENTITY % common SYSTEM "common.ent">
6
<!ENTITY TIMESTAMP "2008-09-01">
10
9
<refentry xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
12
11
<title>Mandos Manual</title>
13
12
<!-- NWalsh’s docbook scripts use this to generate the footer: -->
14
13
<productname>Mandos</productname>
15
<productnumber>&version;</productnumber>
14
<productnumber>&VERSION;</productnumber>
16
15
<date>&TIMESTAMP;</date>
19
18
<firstname>Björn</firstname>
20
19
<surname>Påhlsson</surname>
22
<email>belorn@recompile.se</email>
21
<email>belorn@fukt.bsnet.se</email>
26
25
<firstname>Teddy</firstname>
27
26
<surname>Hogeborn</surname>
29
<email>teddy@recompile.se</email>
28
<email>teddy@fukt.bsnet.se</email>
39
34
<holder>Teddy Hogeborn</holder>
40
35
<holder>Björn Påhlsson</holder>
42
37
<xi:include href="legalnotice.xml"/>
46
41
<refentrytitle>&COMMANDNAME;</refentrytitle>
47
42
<manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
88
83
<replaceable>DIRECTORY</replaceable></option></arg>
90
85
<arg><option>--debug</option></arg>
92
<arg><option>--debuglevel
93
<replaceable>LEVEL</replaceable></option></arg>
95
<arg><option>--no-dbus</option></arg>
97
<arg><option>--no-ipv6</option></arg>
99
<arg><option>--no-restore</option></arg>
101
<arg><option>--statedir
102
<replaceable>DIRECTORY</replaceable></option></arg>
105
88
<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command>
117
100
<arg choice="plain"><option>--check</option></arg>
119
102
</refsynopsisdiv>
121
104
<refsect1 id="description">
122
105
<title>DESCRIPTION</title>
124
107
<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command> is a server daemon which
125
108
handles incoming request for passwords for a pre-defined list of
126
client host computers. For an introduction, see
127
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>intro</refentrytitle>
128
<manvolnum>8mandos</manvolnum></citerefentry>. The Mandos server
129
uses Zeroconf to announce itself on the local network, and uses
130
TLS to communicate securely with and to authenticate the
131
clients. The Mandos server uses IPv6 to allow Mandos clients to
132
use IPv6 link-local addresses, since the clients will probably
133
not have any other addresses configured (see <xref
134
linkend="overview"/>). Any authenticated client is then given
135
the stored pre-encrypted password for that specific client.
109
client host computers. The Mandos server uses Zeroconf to
110
announce itself on the local network, and uses TLS to
111
communicate securely with and to authenticate the clients. The
112
Mandos server uses IPv6 to allow Mandos clients to use IPv6
113
link-local addresses, since the clients will probably not have
114
any other addresses configured (see <xref linkend="overview"/>).
115
Any authenticated client is then given the stored pre-encrypted
116
password for that specific client.
139
121
<refsect1 id="purpose">
140
122
<title>PURPOSE</title>
142
125
The purpose of this is to enable <emphasis>remote and unattended
143
126
rebooting</emphasis> of client host computer with an
144
127
<emphasis>encrypted root file system</emphasis>. See <xref
145
128
linkend="overview"/> for details.
149
133
<refsect1 id="options">
150
134
<title>OPTIONS</title>
153
138
<term><option>--help</option></term>
205
190
<xi:include href="mandos-options.xml" xpointer="debug"/>
210
<term><option>--debuglevel
211
<replaceable>LEVEL</replaceable></option></term>
214
Set the debugging log level.
215
<replaceable>LEVEL</replaceable> is a string, one of
216
<quote><literal>CRITICAL</literal></quote>,
217
<quote><literal>ERROR</literal></quote>,
218
<quote><literal>WARNING</literal></quote>,
219
<quote><literal>INFO</literal></quote>, or
220
<quote><literal>DEBUG</literal></quote>, in order of
221
increasing verbosity. The default level is
222
<quote><literal>WARNING</literal></quote>.
228
195
<term><option>--priority <replaceable>
229
196
PRIORITY</replaceable></option></term>
269
<term><option>--no-dbus</option></term>
271
<xi:include href="mandos-options.xml" xpointer="dbus"/>
273
See also <xref linkend="dbus_interface"/>.
279
<term><option>--no-ipv6</option></term>
281
<xi:include href="mandos-options.xml" xpointer="ipv6"/>
286
<term><option>--no-restore</option></term>
288
<xi:include href="mandos-options.xml" xpointer="restore"/>
293
<term><option>--statedir
294
<replaceable>DIRECTORY</replaceable></option></term>
296
<xi:include href="mandos-options.xml" xpointer="statedir"/>
302
237
<refsect1 id="overview">
303
238
<title>OVERVIEW</title>
304
239
<xi:include href="overview.xml"/>
367
302
</tbody></tgroup></table>
370
305
<refsect1 id="checking">
371
306
<title>CHECKING</title>
373
308
The server will, by default, continually check that the clients
374
309
are still up. If a client has not been confirmed as being up
375
310
for some time, the client is assumed to be compromised and is no
376
longer eligible to receive the encrypted password. (Manual
377
intervention is required to re-enable a client.) The timeout,
378
extended timeout, checker program, and interval between checks
379
can be configured both globally and per client; see
380
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>mandos-clients.conf</refentrytitle>
381
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>. A client successfully
382
receiving its password will also be treated as a successful
387
<refsect1 id="approval">
388
<title>APPROVAL</title>
390
The server can be configured to require manual approval for a
391
client before it is sent its secret. The delay to wait for such
392
approval and the default action (approve or deny) can be
393
configured both globally and per client; see <citerefentry>
311
longer eligible to receive the encrypted password. The timeout,
312
checker program, and interval between checks can be configured
313
both globally and per client; see <citerefentry>
394
314
<refentrytitle>mandos-clients.conf</refentrytitle>
395
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>. By default all clients
396
will be approved immediately without delay.
399
This can be used to deny a client its secret if not manually
400
approved within a specified time. It can also be used to make
401
the server delay before giving a client its secret, allowing
402
optional manual denying of this specific client.
315
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
407
319
<refsect1 id="logging">
408
320
<title>LOGGING</title>
410
322
The server will send log message with various severity levels to
411
<filename class="devicefile">/dev/log</filename>. With the
323
<filename>/dev/log</filename>. With the
412
324
<option>--debug</option> option, it will log even more messages,
413
325
and also show them on the console.
417
<refsect1 id="dbus_interface">
418
<title>D-BUS INTERFACE</title>
420
The server will by default provide a D-Bus system bus interface.
421
This interface will only be accessible by the root user or a
422
Mandos-specific user, if such a user exists. For documentation
423
of the D-Bus API, see the file <filename>DBUS-API</filename>.
427
329
<refsect1 id="exit_status">
428
330
<title>EXIT STATUS</title>
484
<term><filename>/var/run/mandos.pid</filename></term>
487
The file containing the process id of the
488
<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command> process started last.
493
<term><filename class="devicefile">/dev/log</filename></term>
497
class="directory">/var/lib/mandos</filename></term>
500
Directory where persistent state will be saved. Change
501
this with the <option>--statedir</option> option. See
502
also the <option>--no-restore</option> option.
386
<term><filename>/var/run/mandos/mandos.pid</filename></term>
389
The file containing the process id of
390
<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command>.
533
421
backtrace. This could be considered a feature.
424
Currently, if a client is declared <quote>invalid</quote> due to
425
having timed out, the server does not record this fact onto
426
permanent storage. This has some security implications, see
427
<xref linkend="CLIENTS"/>.
430
There is currently no way of querying the server of the current
431
status of clients, other than analyzing its <systemitem
432
class="service">syslog</systemitem> output.
536
435
There is no fine-grained control over logging and debug output.
539
438
Debug mode is conflated with running in the foreground.
542
This server does not check the expire time of clients’ OpenPGP
441
The console log messages does not show a timestamp.
557
455
<informalexample>
559
457
Run the server in debug mode, read configuration files from
560
the <filename class="directory">~/mandos</filename> directory,
561
and use the Zeroconf service name <quote>Test</quote> to not
562
collide with any other official Mandos server on this host:
458
the <filename>~/mandos</filename> directory, and use the
459
Zeroconf service name <quote>Test</quote> to not collide with
460
any other official Mandos server on this host:
582
480
</informalexample>
585
483
<refsect1 id="security">
586
484
<title>SECURITY</title>
587
<refsect2 id="server">
485
<refsect2 id="SERVER">
588
486
<title>SERVER</title>
590
488
Running this <command>&COMMANDNAME;</command> server program
591
489
should not in itself present any security risk to the host
592
computer running it. The program switches to a non-root user
490
computer running it. The program does not need any special
491
privileges to run, and is designed to run as a non-root user.
596
<refsect2 id="clients">
494
<refsect2 id="CLIENTS">
597
495
<title>CLIENTS</title>
599
497
The server only gives out its stored data to clients which
606
504
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>mandos-clients.conf</refentrytitle>
607
505
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>)
608
506
<emphasis>must</emphasis> be made non-readable by anyone
609
except the user starting the server (usually root).
507
except the user running the server.
612
510
As detailed in <xref linkend="checking"/>, the status of all
614
512
compromised if they are gone for too long.
515
If a client is compromised, its downtime should be duly noted
516
by the server which would therefore declare the client
517
invalid. But if the server was ever restarted, it would
518
re-read its client list from its configuration file and again
519
regard all clients therein as valid, and hence eligible to
520
receive their passwords. Therefore, be careful when
521
restarting servers if it is suspected that a client has, in
522
fact, been compromised by parties who may now be running a
523
fake Mandos client with the keys from the non-encrypted
524
initial <acronym>RAM</acronym> image of the client host. What
525
should be done in that case (if restarting the server program
526
really is necessary) is to stop the server program, edit the
527
configuration file to omit any suspect clients, and restart
617
531
For more details on client-side security, see
618
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>mandos-client</refentrytitle>
532
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>password-request</refentrytitle>
619
533
<manvolnum>8mandos</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
624
538
<refsect1 id="see_also">
625
539
<title>SEE ALSO</title>
627
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>intro</refentrytitle>
628
<manvolnum>8mandos</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
629
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>mandos-clients.conf</refentrytitle>
630
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
631
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>mandos.conf</refentrytitle>
632
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
633
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>mandos-client</refentrytitle>
634
<manvolnum>8mandos</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
635
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>sh</refentrytitle>
636
<manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>
542
<refentrytitle>mandos-clients.conf</refentrytitle>
543
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry>
544
<refentrytitle>mandos.conf</refentrytitle>
545
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry>
546
<refentrytitle>password-request</refentrytitle>
547
<manvolnum>8mandos</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry>
548
<refentrytitle>sh</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum>