48
69
<refname><command>&COMMANDNAME;</command></refname>
50
Client for <application>Mandos</application>
56
77
<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command>
58
<arg choice="plain"><option>--connect
59
<replaceable>ADDRESS</replaceable><literal>:</literal
60
><replaceable>PORT</replaceable></option></arg>
61
<arg choice="plain"><option>-c
62
<replaceable>ADDRESS</replaceable><literal>:</literal
63
><replaceable>PORT</replaceable></option></arg>
67
<arg choice="plain"><option>--interface
68
<replaceable>NAME</replaceable></option></arg>
69
<arg choice="plain"><option>-i
70
<replaceable>NAME</replaceable></option></arg>
74
<arg choice="plain"><option>--pubkey
75
<replaceable>FILE</replaceable></option></arg>
76
<arg choice="plain"><option>-p
77
<replaceable>FILE</replaceable></option></arg>
81
<arg choice="plain"><option>--seckey
82
<replaceable>FILE</replaceable></option></arg>
83
<arg choice="plain"><option>-s
84
<replaceable>FILE</replaceable></option></arg>
88
<option>--priority <replaceable>STRING</replaceable></option>
92
<option>--dh-bits <replaceable>BITS</replaceable></option>
96
<option>--debug</option>
100
<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command>
102
<arg choice="plain"><option>--help</option></arg>
103
<arg choice="plain"><option>-?</option></arg>
107
<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command>
108
<arg choice="plain"><option>--usage</option></arg>
111
<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command>
113
<arg choice="plain"><option>--version</option></arg>
114
<arg choice="plain"><option>-V</option></arg>
78
<arg choice='opt'>--connect<arg choice='plain'>IP</arg></arg>
79
<arg choice='opt'>--keydir<arg choice='plain'>KEYDIR</arg></arg>
80
<arg choice='opt'>--interface<arg choice='plain'>INTERFACE</arg></arg>
81
<arg choice='opt'>--pubkey<arg choice='plain'>PUBKEY</arg></arg>
82
<arg choice='opt'>--seckey<arg choice='plain'>SECKEY</arg></arg>
83
<arg choice='opt'>--priority<arg choice='plain'>PRIORITY</arg></arg>
84
<arg choice='opt'>--dh-bits<arg choice='plain'>BITS</arg></arg>
85
<arg choice='opt'>--debug</arg>
88
<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command>
89
<arg choice='plain'>--help</arg>
92
<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command>
93
<arg choice='plain'>--usage</arg>
96
<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command>
97
<arg choice='plain'>--version</arg>
119
101
<refsect1 id="description">
120
102
<title>DESCRIPTION</title>
122
<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command> is a client program that
123
communicates with <citerefentry><refentrytitle
124
>mandos</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>
125
to get a password. It uses IPv6 link-local addresses to get
126
network connectivity, Zeroconf to find servers, and TLS with an
127
OpenPGP key to ensure authenticity and confidentiality. It
128
keeps running, trying all servers on the network, until it
129
receives a satisfactory reply or a TERM signal is received.
132
This program is not meant to be run directly; it is really meant
133
to run as a plugin of the <application>Mandos</application>
134
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>plugin-runner</refentrytitle>
135
<manvolnum>8mandos</manvolnum></citerefentry>, which runs in the
136
initial <acronym>RAM</acronym> disk environment because it is
137
specified as a <quote>keyscript</quote> in the <citerefentry>
138
<refentrytitle>crypttab</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum>
139
</citerefentry> file.
143
<refsect1 id="purpose">
144
<title>PURPOSE</title>
146
The purpose of this is to enable <emphasis>remote and unattended
147
rebooting</emphasis> of client host computer with an
148
<emphasis>encrypted root file system</emphasis>. See <xref
149
linkend="overview"/> for details.
104
<command>&COMMANDNAME;</command> is a mandos plugin that works
105
like a client program that through avahi detects mandos servers,
106
sets up a gnutls connect and request a encrypted password. Any
107
passwords given is automaticly decrypted and passed to
153
112
<refsect1 id="options">
154
113
<title>OPTIONS</title>
156
This program is commonly not invoked from the command line; it
157
is normally started by the <application>Mandos</application>
158
plugin runner, see <citerefentry><refentrytitle
159
>plugin-runner</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8mandos</manvolnum>
160
</citerefentry>. Any command line options this program accepts
161
are therefore normally provided by the plugin runner, and not
115
Commonly not invoked as command lines but from configuration
116
file of plugin runner.
167
<term><option>--connect=<replaceable
168
>ADDRESS</replaceable><literal>:</literal><replaceable
169
>PORT</replaceable></option></term>
171
<replaceable>ADDRESS</replaceable><literal>:</literal
172
><replaceable>PORT</replaceable></option></term>
175
Do not use Zeroconf to locate servers. Connect directly
176
to only one specified <application>Mandos</application>
177
server. Note that an IPv6 address has colon characters in
178
it, so the <emphasis>last</emphasis> colon character is
179
assumed to separate the address from the port number.
182
This option is normally only useful for testing and
189
<term><option>--interface=
190
<replaceable>NAME</replaceable></option></term>
192
<replaceable>NAME</replaceable></option></term>
195
Network interface that will be brought up and scanned for
196
Mandos servers to connect to. The default it
197
<quote><literal>eth0</literal></quote>.
200
If the <option>--connect</option> option is used, this
201
specifies the interface to use to connect to the address
208
<term><option>--pubkey=<replaceable
209
>FILE</replaceable></option></term>
211
<replaceable>FILE</replaceable></option></term>
214
OpenPGP public key file name. The default name is
215
<quote><filename>/conf/conf.d/mandos/pubkey.txt</filename
222
<term><option>--seckey=<replaceable
223
>FILE</replaceable></option></term>
225
<replaceable>FILE</replaceable></option></term>
228
OpenPGP secret key file name. The default name is
229
<quote><filename>/conf/conf.d/mandos/seckey.txt</filename
236
<term><option>--priority=<replaceable
237
>STRING</replaceable></option></term>
239
<xi:include href="../mandos-options.xml"
240
xpointer="priority"/>
245
<term><option>--dh-bits=<replaceable
246
>BITS</replaceable></option></term>
249
Sets the number of bits to use for the prime number in the
250
TLS Diffie-Hellman key exchange. Default is 1024.
256
<term><option>--debug</option></term>
259
Enable debug mode. This will enable a lot of output to
260
standard error about what the program is doing. The
261
program will still perform all other functions normally.
264
It will also enable debug mode in the Avahi and GnuTLS
265
libraries, making them print large amounts of debugging
272
<term><option>--help</option></term>
273
<term><option>-?</option></term>
276
Gives a help message about options and their meanings.
282
<term><option>--usage</option></term>
285
Gives a short usage message.
291
<term><option>--version</option></term>
292
<term><option>-V</option></term>
295
Prints the program version.
121
<term><literal>-c</literal>, <literal>--connect=<replaceable>
122
IP</replaceable></literal></term>
125
Connect directly to a specified mandos server
131
<term><literal>-d</literal>, <literal>--keydir=<replaceable>
132
KEYDIR</replaceable></literal></term>
135
Directory where the openpgp keyring is
141
<term><literal>-i</literal>, <literal>--interface=
142
<replaceable>INTERFACE</replaceable></literal></term>
145
Interface that Avahi will conntect through
151
<term><literal>-p</literal>, <literal>--pubkey=<replaceable>
152
PUBKEY</replaceable></literal></term>
155
Public openpgp key for gnutls authentication
161
<term><literal>-s</literal>, <literal>--seckey=<replaceable>
162
SECKEY</replaceable></literal></term>
165
Secret openpgp key for gnutls authentication
171
<term><literal>--priority=<replaceable>PRIORITY</replaceable>
181
<term><literal>--dh-bits=<replaceable>BITS</replaceable>
185
dh-bits to use in gnutls communication
191
<term><literal>--debug</literal></term>
200
<term><literal>-?</literal>, <literal>--help</literal></term>
209
<term><literal>--usage</literal></term>
212
Gives a short usage message
218
<term><literal>-V</literal>, <literal>--version</literal></term>
221
Prints the program version
302
<refsect1 id="overview">
303
<title>OVERVIEW</title>
304
<xi:include href="../overview.xml"/>
306
This program is the client part. It is a plugin started by
307
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>plugin-runner</refentrytitle>
308
<manvolnum>8mandos</manvolnum></citerefentry> which will run in
309
an initial <acronym>RAM</acronym> disk environment.
312
This program could, theoretically, be used as a keyscript in
313
<filename>/etc/crypttab</filename>, but it would then be
314
impossible to enter a password for the encrypted root disk at
315
the console, since this program does not read from the console
316
at all. This is why a separate plugin runner (<citerefentry>
317
<refentrytitle>plugin-runner</refentrytitle>
318
<manvolnum>8mandos</manvolnum></citerefentry>) is used to run
319
both this program and others in in parallel,
320
<emphasis>one</emphasis> of which will prompt for passwords on
325
228
<refsect1 id="exit_status">
326
229
<title>EXIT STATUS</title>
328
This program will exit with a successful (zero) exit status if a
329
server could be found and the password received from it could be
330
successfully decrypted and output on standard output. The
331
program will exit with a non-zero exit status only if a critical
332
error occurs. Otherwise, it will forever connect to new
333
<application>Mandos</application> servers as they appear, trying
334
to get a decryptable password and print it.
338
234
<refsect1 id="environment">
339
235
<title>ENVIRONMENT</title>
341
This program does not use any environment variables, not even
342
the ones provided by <citerefentry><refentrytitle
343
>cryptsetup</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
348
<refsect1 id="files">
349
241
<title>FILES</title>
352
<term><filename>/conf/conf.d/mandos/pubkey.txt</filename
354
<term><filename>/conf/conf.d/mandos/seckey.txt</filename
358
OpenPGP public and private key files, in <quote>ASCII
359
Armor</quote> format. These are the default file names,
360
they can be changed with the <option>--pubkey</option> and
361
<option>--seckey</option> options.
368
<!-- <refsect1 id="bugs"> -->
369
<!-- <title>BUGS</title> -->
374
252
<refsect1 id="example">
375
253
<title>EXAMPLE</title>
377
Note that normally, command line options will not be given
378
directly, but via options for the Mandos <citerefentry
379
><refentrytitle>plugin-runner</refentrytitle>
380
<manvolnum>8mandos</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
384
Normal invocation needs no options, if the network interface
385
is <quote>eth0</quote>:
388
<userinput>&COMMANDNAME;</userinput>
393
Search for Mandos servers (and connect to them) using another
397
<!-- do not wrap this line -->
398
<userinput>&COMMANDNAME; --interface eth1</userinput>
403
Run in debug mode, and use a custom key:
407
<!-- do not wrap this line -->
408
<userinput>&COMMANDNAME; --debug --pubkey keydir/pubkey.txt --seckey keydir/seckey.txt</userinput>
414
Run in debug mode, with a custom key, and do not use Zeroconf
415
to locate a server; connect directly to the IPv6 address
416
<quote><systemitem class="ipaddress"
417
>2001:db8:f983:bd0b:30de:ae4a:71f2:f672</systemitem></quote>,
418
port 4711, using interface eth2:
422
<!-- do not wrap this line -->
423
<userinput>&COMMANDNAME; --debug --pubkey keydir/pubkey.txt --seckey keydir/seckey.txt --connect 2001:db8:f983:bd0b:30de:ae4a:71f2:f672:4711 --interface eth2</userinput>
429
258
<refsect1 id="security">
430
259
<title>SECURITY</title>
432
This program is set-uid to root, but will switch back to the
433
original (and presumably non-privileged) user and group after
434
bringing up the network interface.
437
To use this program for its intended purpose (see <xref
438
linkend="purpose"/>), the password for the root file system will
439
have to be given out to be stored in a server computer, after
440
having been encrypted using an OpenPGP key. This encrypted data
441
which will be stored in a server can only be decrypted by the
442
OpenPGP key, and the data will only be given out to those
443
clients who can prove they actually have that key. This key,
444
however, is stored unencrypted on the client side in its initial
445
<acronym>RAM</acronym> disk image file system. This is normally
446
readable by all, but this is normally fixed during installation
447
of this program; file permissions are set so that no-one is able
451
The only remaining weak point is that someone with physical
452
access to the client hard drive might turn off the client
453
computer, read the OpenPGP keys directly from the hard drive,
454
and communicate with the server. To safeguard against this, the
455
server is supposed to notice the client disappearing and stop
456
giving out the encrypted data. Therefore, it is important to
457
set the timeout and checker interval values tightly on the
458
server. See <citerefentry><refentrytitle
459
>mandos</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
462
It will also help if the checker program on the server is
463
configured to request something from the client which can not be
464
spoofed by someone else on the network, unlike unencrypted
465
<acronym>ICMP</acronym> echo (<quote>ping</quote>) replies.
468
<emphasis>Note</emphasis>: This makes it completely insecure to
469
have <application >Mandos</application> clients which dual-boot
470
to another operating system which is <emphasis>not</emphasis>
471
trusted to keep the initial <acronym>RAM</acronym> disk image
476
264
<refsect1 id="see_also">
477
265
<title>SEE ALSO</title>
479
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>cryptsetup</refentrytitle>
480
<manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
481
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypttab</refentrytitle>
482
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
483
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>mandos</refentrytitle>
484
<manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
485
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>password-prompt</refentrytitle>
486
<manvolnum>8mandos</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
487
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>plugin-runner</refentrytitle>
488
<manvolnum>8mandos</manvolnum></citerefentry>
493
<ulink url="http://www.zeroconf.org/">Zeroconf</ulink>
497
Zeroconf is the network protocol standard used for finding
498
Mandos servers on the local network.
504
<ulink url="http://www.avahi.org/">Avahi</ulink>
508
Avahi is the library this program calls to find Zeroconf
515
<ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/software/gnutls/"
520
GnuTLS is the library this client uses to implement TLS for
521
communicating securely with the server, and at the same time
522
send the public OpenPGP key to the server.
528
<ulink url="http://www.gnupg.org/related_software/gpgme/"
533
GPGME is the library used to decrypt the OpenPGP data sent
540
RFC 4291: <citetitle>IP Version 6 Addressing
541
Architecture</citetitle>
546
<term>Section 2.2: <citetitle>Text Representation of
547
Addresses</citetitle></term>
548
<listitem><para/></listitem>
551
<term>Section 2.5.5.2: <citetitle>IPv4-Mapped IPv6
552
Address</citetitle></term>
553
<listitem><para/></listitem>
556
<term>Section 2.5.6, <citetitle>Link-Local IPv6 Unicast
557
Addresses</citetitle></term>
560
This client uses IPv6 link-local addresses, which are
561
immediately usable since a link-local addresses is
562
automatically assigned to a network interfaces when it
572
RFC 4346: <citetitle>The Transport Layer Security (TLS)
573
Protocol Version 1.1</citetitle>
577
TLS 1.1 is the protocol implemented by GnuTLS.
583
RFC 4880: <citetitle>OpenPGP Message Format</citetitle>
587
The data received from the server is binary encrypted
594
RFC 5081: <citetitle>Using OpenPGP Keys for Transport Layer
599
This is implemented by GnuTLS and used by this program so
600
that OpenPGP keys can be used.
268
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>mandos</refentrytitle>
269
<manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>
273
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>plugin-runner</refentrytitle>
274
<manvolnum>8mandos</manvolnum></citerefentry>
278
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>password-prompt</refentrytitle>
279
<manvolnum>8mandos</manvolnum></citerefentry>
283
<ulink url="http://www.zeroconf.org/">Zeroconf</ulink>
287
<ulink url="http://www.avahi.org/">Avahi</ulink>
292
url="http://www.gnu.org/software/gnutls/">GnuTLS</ulink>
297
url="http://www.gnupg.org/related_software/gpgme/">
302
<citation>RFC 4880: <citetitle>OpenPGP Message
303
Format</citetitle></citation>
307
<citation>RFC 5081: <citetitle>Using OpenPGP Keys for
308
Transport Layer Security</citetitle></citation>
312
<citation>RFC 4291: <citetitle>IP Version 6 Addressing
313
Architecture</citetitle>, section 2.5.6, Link-Local IPv6
314
Unicast Addresses</citation>
608
320
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